ASTM D4704-13(2017)

Standard Test Method for Tearing Strength, Tongue Tear of Leather

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Knowledge of the strength of the sample can be a determining factor for the end use of the product.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is intended for determining the tearing strength of leather by measuring the force required to tear a specimen cut perpendicular to the surface. This test method does not apply to wet blue.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Aug-2017
• ICS: 59.140.30 - Leather and furs
• Technical Committee: D31 - Leather
• Drafting Committee: D31.07 - Physical Properties

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D4704 − 13 (Reapproved 2017)
Standard Test Method for
Tearing Strength, Tongue Tear of Leather
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4704; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope 3.1.1 tongue tear strength—the load required to tear the
leather between two tongues formed by splitting the leather
1.1 This test method is intended for determining the tearing
perpendicular to its surface.
strength of leather by measuring the force required to tear a
specimen cut perpendicular to the surface. This test method
4. Significance and Use
does not apply to wet blue.
4.1 Knowledge of the strength of the sample can be a
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
determining factor for the end use of the product.
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
5. Apparatus
and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the 5.1 Testing Machine, as described in Test Method D2209.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
5.2 Thickness Gage,adeadweighttypeofthicknessgageas
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
described in Test Method D1813.
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
5.3 Steel Die, to cut test specimens.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
6. Sampling and Test Specimens
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
6.1 Unlessotherwisespecified,sampletheleatheraccording
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
to Practice D2813.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
6.2 The specimen shall be a rectangular piece of leather,
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1 × 4 in. (25.4 × 101.6 mm) by the full thickness of the unit. It
2. Referenced Documents shall have a ⁄16 in. (4.76 mm) hole located on the long axis 1
2 in. (25.4 mm) from one end and shall be split along its axis
2.1 ASTM Standards:
from the hole to the other end to form two tongues. The
D1610 Practice for Conditioning Leather and Leather Prod-
direction of the long axis of the specimen relative to the
ucts for Testing
backbone shall be noted. See Fig. 1.
D1813 Test Method for Measuring Thickness of Leather
Test Specimens
7. Conditioning
D2209 Test Method for Tensile Strength of Leather
D2813 Practice for Sampling Leather for Physical and 7.1 All specimens shall be conditioned and tested in an
Chemical Tests
atmosphere as described in Practice D1610.
3. Terminology
8. Procedure
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
8.1 Determine the thickness of the specimen to the nearest
0.001 in. (0.01 mm) on the long axis between the hole and the
1 unsplit end of the specimen.The gage foot shall be adjacent to,
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D31 on Leather
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D31.07 on Physical Properties
but shall not overlap, the hole.
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D4704 − 13 D4704 − 13 (Reapproved 2017)
Standard Test Method for
Tearing Strength, Tongue Tear of Leather
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4704; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method is intended for determining the tearing strength of leather by measuring the force required to tear a
specimen cut perpendicular to the surface. This test method does not apply to wet blue.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1610 Practice for Conditioning Leather and Leather Products for Testing
D1813 Test Method for Measuring Thickness of Leather Test Specimens
D2209 Test Method for Tensile Strength of Leather
D2813 Practice for Sampling Leather for Physical and Chemical Tests
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 tongue tear strength—the load required to tear the leather between two tongues formed by splitting the leather
perpendicular to its surface.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 Knowledge of the strength of the sample can be a determining factor for the end use of the product.
5. Apparatus
5.1 Testing Machine, as described in Test Method D2209.
5.2 Thickness Gage, a dead weight type of thickness gage as described in Test Method D1813.
5.3 Steel Die, to cut test specimens.
6. Sampling and Test Specimens
6.1 Unless otherwise specified, sample the leather according to Practice D2813.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D31 on Leather and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D31.07 on Physical Properties
Current edition approved May 1, 2013Sept. 1, 2017. Published May 2013October 2017. Originally approved in 1987. Last previous edition approved in 20122013 as
D4704 – 12.D4704 – 13. DOI: 10.1520/D4704-13.10.1520/D4704-13R17.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
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D4704 − 13 (2017)
6.2 The specimen shall be a rect
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