ASTM D1755-92(2001)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) Resins
Standard Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) Resins
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the establishment of requirements for homopolymers of vinyl chloride in original powder form intended for subsequent mixing and processing in thermoplastic compositions. These resins have a nominal specific gravity of 1.4 and a theoretical chlorine content of 56.8%.
1.2 Two types of resin have been recognized: general purpose and dispersion. When mixed with the customary amount of plasticizer, general-purpose resins yield a dry or moist powder while dispersion resins yield a liquid slurry. Since many resins are polymerized to meet special requirements, a system of classification has been provided that permits a wide choice of grades.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
Note 1—This standard is similar in content (but not technically equivalent) to ISO 1264-1980.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D 1755 – 92 (Reapproved 2001)
Standard Specification for
Poly(Vinyl Chloride) Resins
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1755; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D1125 Test Methods for Electrical Conductivity and Re-
sistivity of Water
1.1 This specification covers the establishment of require-
D1243 Test Method for Dilute Solution Viscosity of Vinyl
ments for homopolymers of vinyl chloride in original powder
Chloride Polymers
form intended for subsequent mixing and processing in ther-
D1249 Specification for Octyl Ortho-Phthalate Ester Plas-
moplastic compositions. These resins have a nominal specific
ticizers
gravity of 1.4 and a theoretical chlorine content of 56.8%.
D1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to
1.2 Two types of resin have been recognized: general
Plastics
purpose and dispersion. When mixed with the customary
D1705 TestMethodforParticleSizeAnalysisofPowdered
amount of plasticizer, general-purpose resins yield a dry or
Polymers and Copolymers of Vinyl Chloride
moist powder while dispersion resins yield a liquid slurry.
D1755 Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) Resins
Since many resins are polymerized to meet special require-
D1823 Test Method for Apparent Viscosity of Plastisols
ments,asystemofclassificationhasbeenprovidedthatpermits
andOrganosolsatHighShearRatesbyExtrusionViscom-
a wide choice of grades.
eter
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
D1824 Test Method for Apparent Viscosity of Plastisols
standard.
and Organosols at Low Shear Rates by Brookfield Vis-
NOTE 1—This standard is similar in content (but not technically 6
cometer
equivalent) to ISO 1264–1980.
D1895 Test Methods for Apparent Density, Bulk Factor,
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
and Pourability of Plastic Materials
safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the
D1898 Practice for Sampling of Plastics
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
D1921 Test Method for Particle Size (Sieve Analysis) of
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
Plastic Materials
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
D2132 Test Method for Dust-and-Fog Tracking and Ero-
sion Resistance of Electrical Insulating Materials
2. Referenced Documents
D2396 Test Method for Powder-Mix Test of Poly(Vinyl
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Chloride) (PVC) Resins Using a Torque Rheometer
D281 Test Method for Oil Absorption of Pigments by
D2873 Test Method for Interior Porosity of Poly(Vinyl
Spatula Rub-Out
Chloride) (PVC) Resins by Mercury Intrusion Porosim-
D495 Test Method for High-Voltage, Low-Current, Dry
etry
5, 6
Arc Resistance of Solid Electrical Insulation
D3030 Test Method for Volatile Matter (Including Water)
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
of Vinyl Chloride Resins
D3892 Practice for Packaging/Packing of Plastics
E1 Specifications for ASTM Thermometers
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on
Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.15 on Thermoplastic
3. Terminology
Materials (Section D20.15.07).
Current edition approved June 15, 1992. Published August 1992. Originally
3.1 Definitions—Definitions are in accordance with Termi-
published as D1755–60T. Last previous edition D1755–81(1987).
2 nology D883 and Terminology D1600, unless otherwise
Hutson,J.L.,“ProposedMethodforClassifyingPoly(VinylChloride)Resins.”
indicated.
ASTM Research Report File No. RR: D-20-1: (May 20, 1959). Available from
ASTM Headquarters.
Available from American National Standards Institute, 11 W. 42nd St., 13th
Floor, New York, NY 10036.
4 7
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.02. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.01.
5 8
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 10.02. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.02.
6 9
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.01. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.03.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D 1755 – 92 (2001)
TABLE 1 Type GP, General-Purpose Resin Requirements
Desig-
Cell Limits
nation
Property
Order
01 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
No.
1 Dilute solution unspec- <0.70 0.70 to 0.79 0.80 to 0.89 0.90 to 0.99 1.00 to 1.09 1.10 to 1.19 1.20 to 1.29 1.30 to 1.39 $1.40
(inherent) fied
viscosity
2 Sieve analysis, unspec- 0 to 9 10 to 19 20 to 29 30 to 39 40 to 49 50 to 59 60 to 79 80 to 99 100
percent through ified
No. 200 (75-µm)
sieve
3 Apparent (bulk)
density:
g/1000 cm unspec- <144 144 to 232 233 to 328 329 to 425 426 to 520 521 to 616 617 to 712 713 to 808 $809
ified
lb/ft unspec- <9.00 9.00 to 14.50 14.51 to 20.50 20.51 to 26.50 26.51 to 32.50 32.51 to 38.50 38.51 to 44.50 44.51 to 50.50$50.51
ified
4 Plasticizer sorption, unspec- <50 50 to 74 75 to 99 100 to 124 125 to 149 150 to 174 175 to 199 200 to 244 $225
A
parts DOP phr ified
5 Dry flow, s/400 cm unspec- . . <2.0 2.0 to 3.9 4.0 to 5.9 6.0 to 7.9 8.0 to 9.9 $10 .
ified
6 Conductivity, max, unspec- . . <6 $6 . . . . .
µS/cm·g ified
A
phr = per 100 parts of resin.
TABLE 2 Type D, Dispersion Resin Requirements
Desig-
Cell Limits
nation
Property
Order
0 12345678 9
No.
1 Dilute solution unspecified <0.90 0.90 to 0.99 1.00 to 1.09 1.10 to 1.19 1.20 to 1.29 1.30 to 1.39 1.40 to 1.49 1.50 to 159 $1.60
(inherent)
viscosity
2 Brookfield viscosity unspecified 0 to 24 25 to 49 50 to 74 75 to 99 100 to 124 125 to 149 150 to 174 175 to 199 >199
(RVF), poise
3 Severs viscosity, unspecified 0 to 49 50 to 99 100 to 149 150 to 199 200 to 299 300 to 499 500 to 999 1000 to 1499 >1499
poise
TABLE 3 Requirements of Resin GP6-43054
Requirement
Designation
Property Unit Cell Code
Order No.
min max
1 Inherent viscosity 1.10 1.19 6
2 Sieve analysis percent through No. 200 30 44 4
(75-µm) sieve (39 + 10/2)
3 3
3 Apparent (bulk) density g/1000 cm (lb/ft ) 233 328 3
(14.51) (20.50)
A
4 Plasticizer sorption parts DOP phr none 0
5 Dry flow s/400 cm 3.0 5.9 5
(4.0–2.0/2)
6 Conductivity µS/cm·g . $64
A
phr = per 100 parts of resin.
4. Classification for each property in the order in which they are listed in Table
1 andTable 2.Where there is no interest in a property, a “0” is
4.1 Types—This specification covers two types of resin:
entered in place of a cell number. Should it be desirable, a cell
4.1.1 Type GP—General-purpose resins primarily intended
limit may be extended by half the cell range into the next
for either dry blending, preblending, or thermoplastic process-
higher or lower cell, but not both. When this is done, it is
ing.
indicated by a dash above the cell number ( n¯) if the extension
4.1.2 Type D—Dispersion resins primarily intended for use
isintothehighercell,oradashbelow(n)ifintothelowercell.
in organosols and plastisols. As a class, these are small in
Extension of cell limits applies only to cells where ranges of
particle size.
properties are allowed and not where maximum or minimum
4.2 Grades—Thisspecificationprovidesforasmanygrades
of resin as may be selected from the possible combinations of values are specified. The cell number of the first property
requirements in Table 1 and Table 2.Agrade is designated by (dilute solution viscosity) is separated from those that follow
first indicating the type (GP or D), followed by cell numbers by a dash.
D 1755 – 92 (2001)
NOTE 2—Resin GP64¯3054. This is a grade of general-purpose resin TABLE 4 ASTM PVC Reference Standard No. 1
(General Purpose)
(see Table 1) having the requirements given in Table 3. Standard values
defined by round-robin testing of eight laboratories are listed in Table 4.
NOTE 1—The cell classification of this standard is GP5-15443.
A
Method Accepted Value
5. General Requirements
Inherent viscosity D 1243 1.0186 0.012
5.1 The resin shall be in powder form.
Percent through No. 200 sieve D 1921 1.3 6 0.4
5.2 The resin shall conform to the requirements of Table 1
Apparent density, g/1000 cm D 1895 503 6 5
or Table 2, as specified by the type and grade designation Plasticizer sorption, phr D 1755 101 6 6
Dry flow, s/400 cm D 1755 2.6 6 0.2
agreed upon between the purchaser and the supplier.
Conductivity, µS/cm·g D 1755 1.0 6 0.3
Porosity, cm /g D 2873 0.268 6 0.022
NOTE 3—Properties not covered, such as heat stability, color, and
Powder mix time, s D 2396 163 6 17
volatile loss, may also be important for application performance in
A
Expected range for mean of two replicates (within a probability of 99.5 %).
compounds.
6. Sampling
6.1 Unless otherwise agreed upon between the purchaser
12.1.2.2 Vacuum Desiccator, capable of being evacuated to
and the supplier, the material shall be sampled in accordance
133 Pa (1 mm Hg).
with the sampling procedure in Practice D1898.
12.1.3 Procedure:
12.1.3.1 Condition the mixing bowl and materials to 236
7. Number of Tests
1°C. Weigh 500 6 0.5 g of resin into the mixing bowl. Weigh
7.1 One set of test specimens as prescribed in the Sections 300 60.5gofplasticizerandadditdirectlyontopoftheresin
on General and Specific Sampling Procedures of Practice in the mixing bowl. Hand mix with the flat beater for 1 min.
D1898 shall be considered sufficient for testing each batch. 12.1.3.2 Mount the bowl on the mixer and mix for 5 min at
the No. 1 speed. Stop the mixer and scrape down the sides of
8. Retest and Rejection
the bowl and the beater. Resume mixing at the No. 2 speed for
an additional 15 min. Note and record the temperature of the
8.1 If any failure occurs, the materials may be retested to
plastisol immediately after mixing. The temperature rise must
establishconformityinaccordancewithanagreementbetween
not exceed 5°C. Use a cooling bath if necessary.
the purchaser and the supplier.
12.1.3.3 Place the mixing bowl in the desiccator, evacuate
TEST METHODS to 133 Pa (1 mm Hg), and allow it to remain in the desiccator
for an additional 10 min after the foam collapses. Consider the
9. Dilute Solution Viscosity
time in the desiccator as part of the normal aging period. Take
caretoensurethattheplastisoldoesnotoverflowthecontainer
9.1 Test Method D1243.
during evacuation.
10. Apparent (Bulk) Density
13. Severs Viscosity
10.1 Test Methods D1895.
13.1 Test Method D1823. Determinations shall be made
11. Sieve Analysis througha3.17 60.13-mm(0.125 60.005-in.)diameterorifice
at a gas pressure of 0.69 MPa (100 psi). The plastisol sample
11.1 Test Method D1921.
shall be prepared in accordance with 12.1.1-12.1.3.
NOTE 4—Test Method D1705 may be substituted at the option of the
purchaser and the supplier.
14. Electrical Conductivity of Water Extract
NOTE 5—Specifications for sieve analysis (Table 1) are primarily
14.1 Definitions—See the Definitions Section ofTest Meth-
intended t
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