ASTM C872-10

Standard Test Method for Lead and Cadmium Release from Porcelain Enamel Surfaces

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The determination of lead and cadmium release from porcelain enamel surfaces was formerly of interest only to manufacturers of porcelain enamel cookware and similar food service products. Food contact surfaces of these container-type products have been evaluated using a test procedure similar to Test Method C738. Recently, however, there has been a need to measure lead and cadmium release from flat or curved porcelain enamel surfaces that are not capable of being evaluated by a test similar to Test Method C738.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the precise determination of lead and cadmium extracted by acetic acid from porcelain enamel surfaces.
1.2 Values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. Inch-pound units are given for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Mar-2010
• ICS: 81.060.20 - Ceramic products
• Technical Committee: B08 - Metallic and Inorganic Coatings
• Drafting Committee: B08.12 - Materials for Porcelain Enamel and Ceramic-Metal Systems

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM C872-89(2005) - Standard Test Method for Lead and Cadmium Release from Porcelain Enamel Surfaces
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2010

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: C872 − 10
StandardTest Method for
Lead and Cadmium Release from Porcelain Enamel
1
Surfaces
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C872; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
This test method covers the precise determination of lead or cadmium extracted by acetic acid from
porcelain enamel surfaces. The procedure of extraction may be expected to accelerate the release of
lead or cadmium and to serve, therefore, as a severe test that is unlikely to be matched under actual
conditions of usage.
1. Scope 4. Significance and Use
1.1 This test method covers the precise determination of 4.1 The determination of lead and cadmium release from
lead and cadmium extracted by acetic acid from porcelain porcelain enamel surfaces was formerly of interest only to
enamel surfaces. manufacturers of porcelain enamel cookware and similar food
service products. Food contact surfaces of these container-type
1.2 Values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
products have been evaluated using a test procedure similar to
standard. Inch-pound units are given for information only.
TestMethodC738.Recently,however,therehasbeenaneedto
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
measure lead and cadmium release from flat or curved porce-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
lain enamel surfaces that are not capable of being evaluated by
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
a test similar to Test Method C738.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5. Interferences
5.1 Since a specific hollow cathode lamp for lead and
2. Referenced Documents
cadmium is used, there are no interferences.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
6. Apparatus
C738 Test Method for Lead and Cadmium Extracted from
Glazed Ceramic Surfaces
6.1 Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer , equipped with a
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
102-mm (4-in.) single slot or Boling burner head and digital
3
concentration readout attachment (DCR) if available. This
3. Summary of Test Method
instrument should have a sensitivity of about 0.5 mg/L of lead
for 1 % absorption and a sensitivity of about 0.03 mg/L of
3.1 The lead and cadmium extracted from the article under
cadmium for 1 % absorption. The operating conditions as
test by acetic acid at 20 to 24°C (68 to 75°F) after 24 h of
specified in the instrument manufacturer’s analytical methods
leachingaremeasuredbyatomicabsorptionspectrophotometry
manual shall be used.
using a specific hollow cathode lamp for lead and cadmium
respectively.
NOTE 1—ppm, mg/L, and µg/mL are equivalent units.
6.2 Hollow Cathode Lead Lamp, with wavelength set at
283.3 or 217.0 nm.
1
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeB08onMetallic
6.3 Hollow Cathode Cadmium Lamp, with wavelength set
and Inorganic Coatings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B08.12 on
Materials for Porcelain Enamel and Ceramic-Metal Systems. at 228.8 nm.
Current edition approved April 1, 2010. Published May 2010. Originally
6.4 Glassware of chemically resistant borosilicate glass, to
approvedin1977.Lastpreviouseditionapprovedin2005asC872 – 89(2005).DOI:
10.1520/C0872-10. make reagents and solutions.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Perkin-Elmer model 303 and Jarrell-Ash model 82-546 have been found
the ASTM website. suitable for this determination.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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C872 − 10
Metric Equivalents for Apparatus
Dimensions (Fig. 1)
in. mm
1
⁄8 3.2
1
⁄4 6.4
3
⁄8 9.5
1
1 ⁄4 31.8
25
1 ⁄32 45.2
1
2 ⁄4 57.2
2.31 58.7
2.5 63.5
4 101.6
1
4 ⁄16 103.2
1
4 ⁄8 104.8
1
5 ⁄2 139.7
FIG. 1 Suitable Test Cell
4
6.5 Test Cell, suitable for the containment of the leaching where such specifications are available. Other grades may be
solution on a flat porcelain enamel surface. A cell that has used provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of
proved suitable for this purpose is shown in Fig. 1. sufficiently high purity to permit its use without lessening the
accuracy of the determination.
7. Reagents
7.2 Purity of Water—Unless otherwise indicated, references
7.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be
to water shall be understood to mean disti
...

This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:C872–89(Reapproved 2005) Designation: C872 – 10
Standard Test Method for
Lead and Cadmium Release from Porcelain Enamel
1
Surfaces
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C872; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
This test method covers the precise determination of lead or cadmium extracted by acetic acid from
porcelain enamel surfaces. The procedure of extraction may be expected to accelerate the release of
lead or cadmium and to serve, therefore, as a severe test that is unlikely to be matched under actual
conditions of usage.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the precise determination of lead and cadmium extracted by acetic acid from porcelain enamel
surfaces.
1.2 Values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. Inch-pound units are given for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C738 Test Method for Lead and Cadmium Extracted from Glazed Ceramic Surfaces
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
3. Summary of Test Method
3.1 The lead and cadmium extracted from the article under test by acetic acid at 20 to 24°C (68 to 75°F) after 24 h of leaching
are measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry using a specific hollow cathode lamp for lead and cadmium respectively.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 The determination of lead and cadmium release from porcelain enamel surfaces was formerly of interest only to
manufacturers of porcelain enamel cookware and similar food service products. Food contact surfaces of these container-type
products have been evaluated using a test procedure similar to Test Method C738. Recently, however, there has been a need to
measure lead and cadmium release from flat or curved porcelain enamel surfaces that are not capable of being evaluated by a test
similar to Test Method C738.
5. Interferences
5.1 Since a specific hollow cathode lamp for lead and cadmium is used, there are no interferences.
6. Apparatus
6.1 Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer , equipped with a 102-mm (4-in.) single slot or Boling burner head and digital
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B08 on Metallic and Inorganic Coatings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B08.12 on
Materials for Porcelain Enamel and Ceramic-Metal Systems.
Current edition approved Sept. 15, 2005. Published September 2005. Originallyapproved in 1977. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as C872–89 (1999). DOI:
10.1520/C0872-89R05. on Materials for Porcelain Enamel and Ceramic-Metal Systems.
Current edition approved April 1, 2010. Published May 2010. Originally approved in 1977. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as C872 – 89(2005). DOI:
10.1520/C0872-10.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C872 – 10
3
concentration readout attachment (DCR) if available. This instrument should have a sensitivity of about 0.5 mg/Lof lead for 1 %
absorption and a sensitivity of about 0.03 mg/L of cadmium for 1 % absorption. The operating conditions as specified in the
instrument manufacturer’s analytical methods manual shall be used.
NOTE 1—ppm, mg/L, and µg/mL are equivalent units.
6.2 Hollow Cathode Lead Lamp, with wavelength set at 283.3 or 217.0 nm.
6.3 Hollow Cathode Cadmium Lamp, with wavelength set at 228.8 nm.
6.4 Glassware of chemically resistant borosilicate glass, to make reagents and solutions.
6.5 Test Cell, suitable for the containment of the leaching solution on a flat porcelain enamel surface. A cell that has proved
suitable for this purpose is shown in Fig. 1.
7. Reagents
7.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is in
...