ASTM F857-96
(Specification)Standard Specification for Hot Water Sanitizing Commercial Dishwashing Machines, Stationary Rack Type
Standard Specification for Hot Water Sanitizing Commercial Dishwashing Machines, Stationary Rack Type
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers manually fed, spray-type, stationary rack, automatically controlled, commercial dishwashing machines.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The SI values given in parentheses are provided for information only.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: F 857 – 96
Standard Specification for
Hot Water Sanitizing Commercial Dishwashing Machines,
Stationary Rack Type
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 857; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope 2.2 Federal Regulations:
OSHA Title 29
1.1 This specification covers manually fed, spray-type, sta-
2.3 American National Standards:
tionary rack, automatically controlled, commercial dishwash-
ANSI S1.4 Specification for Sound Level Meters
ing machines.
ANSI S1.13 Methods for the Measurement of Sound Pres-
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
sure Levels
as the standard. The SI values given in parentheses are
2.4 National Electrical Manufacturers Association Stan-
provided for information only.
dards:
2. Referenced Documents
NEMA ICS Industrial Controls and Systems
NEMA MG-1 Motors and Generators
2.1 ASTM Standards:
2.5 National Fire Protection Association Standards:
A 29 Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon and Alloy, Hot-
NFPA No. 70 National Electrical Code
Wrought and Cold-Finished, General Requirements for
2.6 NFS International Standards, Criteria, and Listings:
A 120 Specification for Pipe, Steel, Black and Hot-Dipped,
NSF 3 Spray Type Dishwashing Machines
Zinc Coated (Galvanized) Welded and Seamless, for Or-
NSF 5 Commercial Hot Water Generating Equipment
dinary Uses
NSF 29 Detergent/Chemical Feeders for Commercial
A 167 Specification for Stainless and Heat-Resisting
Spray-Type Dishwashing Machines
Chromium-Nickel Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip
NSF 51 Plastic Materials and Components Used in Food
A 276 Specification for Stainless and Heat-Resisting Steel
Equipment
Bars and Shapes
NSF Criteria C-2 Special Equipment and/or Devices
A 436 Specification for Austenitic Gray Iron Castings
NSF Food Equipment and Related Products, Components,
A 554 Specification for Welded Stainless Steel Mechanical
and Materials
Tubing
2.7 Underwriters Laboratories Standard:
A 582 Specification for Free-Machining Stainless and Heat-
UL 921 Commercial Electric Dishwashers
Resisting Steel Bars, Hot-Rolled or Cold-Finished
2.8 American Society of Sanitary Engineering Standards:
B 43 Specification for Seamless Red Brass Pipe, Standard
ASSE 1001 Pipe Applied Atmospheric Vacuum Breakers
Sizes
ASSE 1004 Dishwashers
B 75 Specification for Seamless Copper Tube
B 127 Specification for Nickel-Copper Alloy (UNS NO
3. Terminology
4400) Plate, Sheet, and Strip
9 3.1 Definition:
F 760 Specification for Food Service Equipment Manuals
F 861 Specification for Commercial Dishwashing Racks
Code of Federal Regulations, Chapter XVII, Part 1910, available from
Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F-26 on Food
Available from American National Standards Institute, 11 W. 42nd St., 13th
Service Equipment and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F26.01 on
Floor, New York, NY 10036.
Cleaning and Sanitation Equipment.
Available from National Electrical Manufacturers Assn., 2101 “L” Street,
Current edition approved May 10, 1996. Published August 1996. Originally
N.W., Washington, DC 20037.
published as F 857 – 84. Last previous edition F 857 – 90.
Available from National Fire Protection Assn., Batterymarch Park, Quincy,
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.05.
MA 02269.
Discontinued, see 1986 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.01.
4 14
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.03. Available from NSF International, P.O. Box 130140, Ann Arbor, MI 48113-
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.02. 0140.
6 15
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.01. Available from Underwriters Laboratories, Inc., 333 Pfingsten Road, North-
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.01. brook, IL 60062.
8 16
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.04. Available from American Society of Sanitary Engineering, P. O. Box 9712 Bay
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.07. Village, OH 44140.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
F 857
3.1.1 commercial dishwashing machines—machines that 5.1.12 Manufacturer’s certification, when required (see Sec-
uniformly wash, rinse, and hot water sanitize eating and tion 13).
drinking utensils. The machines shall be capable of removing
6. Materials and Design
physical soil from properly racked and pre-scraped items, and
sanitizing multiple-use eating and drinking utensils. The dish- 6.1 All materials shall be specified as follows:
6.1.1 Materials used shall be free from defects that would
washing machines shall consist of the following principal
parts: legs, wash chamber hood, tank, doors, spray assemblies, adversely affect the performance or maintainability of indi-
vidual components of the overall assembly. The dishwashing
pumps, motors, controls, piping, valves, heating equipment,
machines shall meet the material, design, and construction
and accessories.
requirements of NSF 3 and Criteria C-2, where applicable.
6.1.2 Corrosion-Resistant Steel—Corrosion-resistant steel
4. Classification
shall conform to the requirements of any 300 series stainless
4.1 General—Dishwashing machines shall be of the follow-
steel specified in 2.1.
ing types, styles, classes, size, and capacity group as specified.
6.1.3 Corrosion-Resisting Material—Corrosion-resisting
4.2 Types:
material is other than corrosion resistant steel that is equivalent
4.2.1 Type I (Straight-Through Model)—This machine is
in the dishwasher application.
used in line with table on each side.
6.1.4 Nickel-Copper Alloy—Nickel-copper alloys shall con-
4.2.2 Type II (Corner Model)—This machine is used in
form to the requirements of Specification B 127.
corner placement forming a 90° side.
6.1.5 Plastics—All plastic materials and components used
4.3 Styles and Classes:
in the dishmachine rinse system shall conform to NSF 3 and
4.3.1 Style 1 (Steam Heated)—Low pressure steam 10 to 15
51.
psi (68.9 to 103.4 kPa) flowing pressure at point of machine
connection.
7. Construction Requirements
4.3.1.1 Class A—Injector.
7.1 The dishwashing machine shall be complete so that
4.3.1.2 Class B—Heat exchange coil.
when connected to the specified source of power, water supply,
4.3.2 Style 2 (Electrically heated).
heating means (steam, electric, or gas), drainage, detergent,
4.3.3 Style 3 (Gas-heated):
and rinse agent feeder as applicable, the unit can be used for its
4.3.3.1 Class C—Natural Gas.
intended function. Dishwashers shall be rigid, quiet in opera-
4.3.3.2 Class D—LP Gas.
tion, free from objectionable vibration, and so constructed as to
3 3
4.4 Size and Capacity,19 ⁄4 by 19 ⁄4 in. (nominal) racks at
prevent objectionable splashing of water or overflow of water
minimum of 50 racks per hour. (see Specification F 861).
to the outside of the machine. Parts requiring adjustment or
4.5 All dishwashing machines of the same classification,
service, or both shall be readily accessible. The machine shall
model, or material list designation furnished with similar
wash dishes by means of a water and detergent solution
options under a specific purchase order shall be identical to the
pumped from a tank, and shall final rinse the dishes with fresh
extent necessary to ensure interchangeability of component
water from an outside source. Provisions shall be made to fill
parts, assemblies, accessories, and spare parts.
the wash tank either directly from the regular hot water supply
with a hand valve or through the booster or solenoid, or both.
5. Ordering Information
The wash, dwell, and rinse cycles shall be automatically
5.1 Purchasers should select the preferred options permitted
controlled. A light shall be provided to indicate when the
in this specification and include the following information in
machine is in operation. Machines shall be provided with
the procurement document:
tracks of corrosion-resisting steel not less than 0.070 in. thick,
5.1.1 Title, number, and date of this standard,
or other suitable corrosion-resisting material. Dishwashers
5.1.2 Type, style, class, and size machine required (see 4.1),
shall have an inside working height, including the door height
5.1.3 Noise level requirements, if other than specified (see
of not less than 17 ⁄2 in. (444.5 mm) above the track.
11.2),
7.2 Piping, Tubing, Fittings, and Valves (Installation)—
5.1.4 When a service-supply valve is required (see 7.4),
Connections shall be readily accessible to facilitate installation
5.1.5 When a standard 40°F (22°C) temperature rise steam,
and maintenance. Piping, tubing, and valves shall be located,
or electric, or gas booster is required, or stipulate if the required
whenever possible, on the exterior of the machine. See
temperature rise is more than 40°F (22°C) (see 7.13),
Specification A 29, A 120, A 167, A 276, A 554, B 43, and
5.1.6 Electrical power supply characteristics (current, volt-
B 75.
age, phase, frequency) (see Section 8),
7.3 Piping and Fittings—Water, steam piping, and fittings
5.1.7 When a detergent feeder is required (see 7.14),
shall be of corrosion-resisting material. Fresh water supply to
5.1.8 When a rinse agent feeder is required (see 7.15), the tank shall be discharged not lower than 2 in. (50.8 mm)
5.1.9 Accessory equipment, spare and maintenance parts
above the maximum flood level rim, or an effective air gap or
required, as suggested by manufacturer, vacuum breaker shall be installed to prevent backflow. Back-
5.1.10 Treatment and painting if other than specified (see flow protection shall be in accordance with ASSE 1004. The
Section 10), drain and other plumbing connections shall be standard pipe or
5.1.11 When energy consumption profiles, water consump- tubing connections. Drainage piping shall be corrosion-
tion profiles, or productivity profiles are desired (see 12.3), and resisting material, or suitable heat-resisting plastic material.
F 857
Drains may be joined into a single trunk line requiring only one be cast iron or corrosion-resisting material and shall have a
connection or arranged to permit individual connections to the removable cover or inspection plate, or be of such a design as
waste line. to permit ease of accessibility for inspection and removal of
foreign items from the impeller and interior. The pump shall
7.4 Valves—Steam valves shall be corrosion-resisting ma-
either be self-draining or equipped with means for draining.
terial designed for steam applications and for a saturated steam
The shaft shall be of corrosion-resistant steel, properly aligned
working pressure of 50 psi (344.6 kPa). When specified, a
and supported. The impeller shall be corrosion-resisting mate-
separately packed service supply valve shall be provided for
rial or iron alloy and shall be in dynamic balance. The pump
closing the supply of water to the dishwasher. The drain valve
shall have at least two ball or roller bearings, except that when
shall be permanently marked to show “open” and “closed”
the pump and motor are mounted on the same shaft, at least
positions and shall be lever-operated or wheel-operated, rug-
two ball or roller bearings shall be provided for the motor and
gedly designed for foot or hand operation except when drain
pump. The pump suction intake shall be provided with a
valve closure is automatic. Fresh water rinse valves shall be
corrosion-resistant strainer or shroud.
reliable and fully automatic and suitable for 210°F (98.9°C)
water. The manually operated valves, when used, shall be 7.12 Heating—Style 1, 2, and 3 machines shall be capable
identified.
of maintaining required temperature levels in the tank.
7.5 Spray Assemblies—All spray nozzles and spray arm
7.12.1 Style 1—Style 1 machines shall be suitable for
manifolds shall be of corrosion-resisting materials (see Speci-
operation with a steam supply flow pressure of from 10 to 15
fication A 582). All spray assemblies shall be removable
psi (68.9 to 103.4 kPa). Temperature regulators shall be
without the use of tools and shall be easily cleanable or easily
provided for maintaining the proper water temperature in the
cleanable in place.
tank. Low water protection shall be provided. Steam heat will
7.6 Tank—The tank shall be constructed of not less than be provided by tube type heat exchangers, steam injectors, or
0.055, corrosion-resistant steel, or other corrosion-resisting
a combination of both. Check valves or vacuum breakers must
material. be used on all injector type heating units to prevent back
7.7 Overflow—The dishwashers shall have a readily acces- siphoning. The minimum operating pressure shall be specified
by the manufacturer and the maximum operating pressure shall
sible overflow drain in the tank. The overflow unit, or cover,
when provided, shall be removable for cleaning. not exceed 15 psi (103.4 kPa).
7.8 Scrap Trays (Strainers)—Scrap trays of corrosion- 7.12.2 Style 2—Style 2 machines shall be equipped with
resistant steel, not less than 0.044 in. thick, or other corrosion- electric heater elements and sheaths of 300 series corrosion
resisting material shall be provided to prevent insoluble matter resistant steel or other corrosion resisting material. They shall
and large pieces of food residue from passing into the tank. The be provided with temperature regulators for maintaining the
ledges on which the scrap trays rest shall be so designed that proper water temperature in the tank. Low water protection
surfaces beneath the ledges are easily accessible for cleaning shall be provided.
when the trays are removed. Any opening around or between
7.12.3 Style 3—Style 3 machines shall be equipped with a
scrap trays shall be held to a minimum, and shall be held as
gas burner assembly including safety pilots, shut-off valves,
close as practical to the size of the scrap tray opening.
and flue suitable for operation with type of gas specified. They
7.9 Access Door(s)—Door and door frames shall be con- shall be provided with temperature regulators for maintaining
structed of not less than 0.044 in. corrosion-resistant steel, or
the proper water temperature in the tank. Low water protection
other corrosion resisting material, and shall be rigid and shall be provided.
stiffened as necessary. Loading and unloading door(s) shall be
7.13 Final Rinse Booster—Final rinse booster heater will
counterbalanced and, when in the open position, shall electri-
not be furnished as a part of the machi
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