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ASTM E811-95(2001)

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Measuring Colorimetric Characteristics of Retroreflectors Under Nighttime Conditions

Standard Practice for Measuring Colorimetric Characteristics of Retroreflectors Under Nighttime Conditions

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This practice describes a procedure for measuring the color appearance of retroreflectors as seen under nighttime conditions of illumination and viewing. CIE Standard Source A has been chosen to represent a tungsten automobile headlamp. Although the geometry must be specified by the user of this practice, it will, in general, correspond to the relationship between the vehicle headlamp, the retroreflector, and the vehicle driver’eyes. Thus, the chromaticity coordinates determined by the procedures in this practice describe numerically the nighttime appearance of the retroreflector.5
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes the instrumental determination of retroreflected chromaticity coordinates of retro- reflectors. It includes the techniques used in a photometric range to measure retroreflected (nighttime) chromaticity with either a telecolorimeter or telespectroradiometer.  
1.2 This practice covers the general measurement procedures. Additional requirements for specific tests and specifications are described in Section 7.  
1.3 The description of the geometry used in the nighttime colorimetry of retroreflectors is described in Practice E808 and the methods for calculation of chromaticity are contained in Test Method E308.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Dec-2000
ICS
93.080.30 - Road equipment and installations
Technical Committee
E12 - Color and Appearance
Drafting Committee
E12.10 - Retroreflection
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM E811-95 - Standard Practice for Measuring Colorimetric Characteristics of Retroreflectors Under Nighttime Conditions
Effective Date
01-Jan-2001
Replaced By
ASTM E811-09 - Standard Practice for Measuring Colorimetric Characteristics of Retroreflectors Under Nighttime Conditions
Effective Date
01-Dec-2009
Referred By
ASTM D4383-21 - Standard Specification for Plowable, Raised Retroreflective Pavement Markers
Effective Date
01-Jan-2001
Referred By
ASTM D6628-16 - Standard Specification for Color of Pavement Marking Materials
Effective Date
01-Jan-2001
Referred By
ASTM D4956-19 - Standard Specification for Retroreflective Sheeting for Traffic Control
Effective Date
01-Jan-2001
Referred By
ASTM E179-17(2022) - Standard Guide for Selection of Geometric Conditions for Measurement of Reflection and Transmission Properties of Materials
Effective Date
01-Jan-2001
Referred By
ASTM E2367-05(2019) - Standard Test Method for Measurement of Nighttime Chromaticity of Pavement Marking Materials Using a Portable Retroreflection Colorimeter
Effective Date
01-Jan-2001
Referred By
ASTM D4280-18 - Standard Specification for Extended Life Type, Nonplowable, Raised Retroreflective Pavement Markers
Effective Date
01-Jan-2001
Referred By
ASTM E3165-18 - Standard Test Method for Nighttime Retroreflected Chromaticity of Retroreflective Sheeting
Effective Date
01-Jan-2001
Referred By
ASTM D8514/D8514M-23 - Standard Specification for Flexible, Retroreflective Sheeting for Use in High Visibility Vehicle Markings
Effective Date
01-Jan-2001

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ASTM E811-95(2001) - Standard Practice for Measuring Colorimetric Characteristics of Retroreflectors Under Nighttime ConditionsASTM E811-95(2001) - Standard Practice for Measuring Colorimetric Characteristics of Retroreflectors Under Nighttime Conditions
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ASTM E811-95(2001) - Standard Practice for Measuring Colorimetric Characteristics of Retroreflectors Under Nighttime Conditions
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: E811 – 95 (Reapproved 2001)
Standard Practice for
Measuring Colorimetric Characteristics of Retroreflectors
1
Under Nighttime Conditions
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E811; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope CIE Standard S001/ISO IS 10526, Colorimetric Illumi-
3
nants
1.1 This practice describes the instrumental determination
3
CIEStandardS002/ISO IS10527,ColorimetricObservers
of retroreflected chromaticity coordinates of retroreflectors. It
includesthetechniquesusedinaphotometricrangetomeasure
3. Terminology
retroreflected (nighttime) chromaticity with either a telecolo-
3.1 ThetermsanddefinitionsinTerminologyE284applyto
rimeter or telespectroradiometer.
this practice.
1.2 This practice covers the general measurement proce-
3.2 Definitions:
dures.Additional requirements for specific tests and specifica-
3.2.1 chromaticity coordinates, n—the ratios of each of the
tions are described in Section 7.
tristimulus values of a psychophysical color to the sum of the
1.3 The description of the geometry used in the nighttime
tristimulus values.
colorimetryofretroreflectorsisdescribedinPracticeE808and
3.2.1.1 Discussion—Chromaticity coordinates in the CIE
the methods for calculation of chromaticity are contained in
1931systemofcolorspecificationaredesignatedby x, y, zand
Practice E308.
in the CIE 1964 supplementary system by x , y , z .
10 10 10
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.2.2 CIE 1931 (x, y)-chromaticity diagram—the chroma-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
ticitydiagramfortheCIE1931standardobserver,inwhichthe
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
CIE 1931 chromaticity coordinates are plotted with x as the
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
abscissa and y as the ordinate.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.2.3 CIE 1931 standard observer, n—ideal colorimetric
2. Referenced Documents observer with color matching functions x¯ (l), y¯ (l), z¯ (l)
2
corresponding to a field of view subtending a 2° angle on the
2.1 ASTM Standards:
B
4
retina; commonly called the “2° standard observer.” [CIE]
E284 Terminology of Appearance
3.2.3.1 Discussion—The color matching functions of the
E308 Practice for Computing the Colors of Objects by
CIE 1931 standard observer are tabulated in Practice E308,
Using the CIE System
CIE Publication 15.2, and CIE Standard S002.
E808 Practice for Describing Retroreflection
3.2.4 CIE standard illuminant A, n—colorimetric illumi-
E809 PracticeforMeasuringPhotometricCharacteristicsof
nant,representingthefullradiationat2855.6K,definedbythe
Retroreflectors
B
CIE in terms of a relative spectral power distribution. [CIE]
2.2 CIE Documents:
3
3.2.4.1 Discussion—The relative spectral power distribu-
CIE Publication No.15.2 Colorimetry, 2d ed.
tionofCIEstandardilluminant AistabulatedinPracticeE308,
CIE Publication 15.2, and CIE Standard S001.
3.2.5 CIE standard source A, n—a gas-filled tungsten-
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee E12 on Color and
filament lamp operated at a correlated color temperature of
Appearance and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E12.10 on Retrore-
B
2855.6 K. [CIE]
flection.
3.2.6 entrance angle, b, n—in retroreflection, angle be-
Current edition approved June 10, 2001. Published July 2001. Originallyap-
proved in 1981. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as E811–95(2001). DOI:
tween the illumination axis and the retroreflector axis.
10.1520/E0811-95R01.
3.2.6.1 Discussion—The entrance angle is usually no larger
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
than 90°, but for completeness its full range is defined as 0°#
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
3 4
AvailablefromU.S.NationalCommitteeoftheCIE(InternationalCommission Stephenson, H. F., “The Colorimetric Measurement of Retroreflective Materi-
on Illumination), C/o Thomas M. Lemons, TLA-Lighting Consultants, Inc., 7 Pond als. Progress Report on International Exchange Tests.” Proceedings of the CIE,
St., Salem, MA 01970, http://www.cie-usnc.org. 18th Session (London), pp. 595–609, 1975.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E811 – 95 (2001)
b# 180°. To completely specify the orientation, this angle is 3.2.19.1 Discussion—In some inst
...

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SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for the gravimetric analysis of the binder and hydrochloric Acid (HCL) insoluble particles in white and yellow thermoplastic pavement markings. The HCL insoluble particles can be retroreflective optics, such as glass beads or some other type of retroreflective optic, or non-retroreflective particles such as silica sand, or a combination of any two or more of these materials.  
1.2 This standard does not address the physical separation and the individual quantification of each component when a mixture of two or more HCL insoluble materials is present. Rather it requires the user to visually evaluate the HCL insoluble material (obtained from following this test method) and report the types of materials present.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address the titanium dioxide or lead chromate pigment measurement (after ashing) which is detailed in Test Methods D1394 and D126.  
1.4 This standard will attempt to address the interference of organic pigments with the binder results.  
1.5 The analytical procedures appear in the following order:    
Sections  
Percent Binder  
10  
Percent Retroreflective Optics or
Non-Retroreflective Particles  
11  
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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