ASTM F2716-08(2014)

Standard Practice for Comparison of Nonmetallic Flat Gaskets in High Pressure Saturated Steam

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This practice may be used to evaluate Classification F104 gasket materials using saturated steam and standard ASME RF (raised face) flanges. This practice is intended for use as quality control or material comparison tool and should not be used to predict performance.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice provides a means of comparing various nonmetallic flat gasket materials, Classification F104, in saturated steam service under controlled conditions. While the practice is designed primarily for flat gaskets, it also can be applied to various form-in-place gasket materials upon modification. The practice may be used for quality control or material comparison purposes as agreed upon between producer and user. This practice is consistent with Fluid Sealing Association test method, FSA-NMG-204-02, with regard to fixtures used and procedure.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Jun-2014
• ICS: 21.140 - Seals, glands
• Technical Committee: F03 - Gaskets
• Drafting Committee: F03.10 - Composite Gaskets

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM F2716-08 - Standard Practice for Comparison of Nonmetallic Flat Gaskets in High Pressure Saturated Steam
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2014
• Replaced By: ASTM F2716-08(2020) - Standard Practice for Comparison of Nonmetallic Flat Gaskets in High Pressure Saturated Steam
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2020

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: F2716 − 08 (Reapproved 2014)
Standard Practice for
Comparison of Nonmetallic Flat Gaskets in High Pressure
Saturated Steam
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2716; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2.2 ASME Standards:
ASME B16.21 Nonmetallic Flat Gaskets for Pipe Flanges
1.1 This practice provides a means of comparing various
ASME PCC-1 Guidelines for Pressure Boundary Bolted
nonmetallic flat gasket materials, Classification F104, in satu-
Flange Joint Assembly
rated steam service under controlled conditions. While the
2.3 ESA/FSA Standards:
practice is designed primarily for flat gaskets, it also can be
ESA/FSA Publication No. 009/98 Guidelines for Safe Seal
applied to various form-in-place gasket materials upon modi-
Usage - Flanges and Gaskets
fication. The practice may be used for quality control or
FSA-NMG-204-02 Standard Test Method for Performance
material comparison purposes as agreed upon between pro-
of Non-Asbestos Gaskets in High Pressure, Saturated
ducer and user. This practice is consistent with Fluid Sealing
Steam
Association test method, FSA-NMG-204-02, with regard to
fixtures used and procedure.
3. Significance and Use
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
3.1 This practice may be used to evaluate Classification
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
F104 gasket materials using saturated steam and standard
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
ASME RF (raised face) flanges. This practice is intended for
and are not considered standard.
use as quality control or material comparison tool and should
not be used to predict performance.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4. Apparatus
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4.1 The test equipment shall consist of the following com-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
ponents:
4.1.1 Hot Air Circulating Oven, equipped with temperature
2. Referenced Documents
controls and capable of maintaining temperatures up to 570 6
5°F (299 6 3°C).
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.1.2 Scales, capable of maintaining an accuracy of 60.1 g
A193/A193M Specification for Alloy-Steel and Stainless
with a nominal capacity of 12 kg.
Steel Bolting for High Temperature or High Pressure
4.1.3 Flange Fixture—A2 in. cast steel Class 600 fixture
Service and Other Special Purpose Applications
made from one weld neck flange capped by welding to boiler
A194/A194M Specification for Carbon Steel, Alloy Steel,
code and one blind flange (see Fig. 1). Flange surfaces are 275
and Stainless Steel Nuts for Bolts for High Pressure or
to 325 RMS µin. (7.0 to 8.3 µmm), flatness range 0.002 in.
High Temperature Service, or Both
(0.05 mm). Each fixture shall have an identification number.
F104 Classification System for Nonmetallic Gasket Materi-
4.1.4 FlangeProtectors—To help ensure safe operation, use
als
standard metal flange protectors.
4.1.5 Fasteners:
4.1.5.1 Seven ⁄8-in. bolts, 4 in. long, per Specification
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F03 on Gaskets and
A193/A193M, Grade B7.
is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F03.10 on Composite Gaskets.
Current edition approved July 1, 2014. Published November 2014. Originally
approved in 2008. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as F2716 – 08. DOI:
10.1520/F2716-08R14. Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or International Headquarters, Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http://
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM www.asme.org.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from Fluid Sealing Association (FSA), 994 Old Eagle School Road,
the ASTM website. Suite 1019, Wayne, PA 19087–1866.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F2716 − 08 (2014)
FIG. 1 FSA Steam Test Fixture
4.1.5.2 One calibrated bolt modified by the insertion of a 4.2.3 Follow the steps in Section 9 for one cycle of a
calibration pin as detailed in Fig. 1. minimum of 24 h. Ensure that the gasket is acceptable for that
4.1.5.3 Eight ⁄8-in. hexagonal nuts per Specification A194/
temperature/pressure.
A194M, Grade 4, coarse thread.
4.1.5.4 Sixteen ⁄8-in. hardened steel washers (38-45 HRC),
5. Test Specimen
Grade 8.
5.1 The test specimen shall be a Class 600 2-in. (50-mm)
4.1.6 Calibrated Dial Indicator, graduated to 0.0001 in.
ring gasket. It is recommended that a ⁄16-in. (1.5-mm) thick
(0.0025 mm) and equipped with a 90° conical contact point to
gasket be used. However, other thicknesses can be used if
be used in conjunction with the adapter shown in Fig. 1.
agreed to by the producer and user.
4.1.7 Torque Wrench—One calibrated torque wrench with a
5.1.1 See ASME B16.21, Table 8, for gasket dimensions.
minimum capacity of 70 ft·lbf (95 N·m).
5.1.2 See Classification F104 for thickness tolerance.
4.1.8 Torque Wrench—One calibrated torque wrench with a
range of 0 to 200 in.·lbf (0 to 23 N·m).
5.1.3 Preconditioning of the test gasket is not necessary,
4.1.9 Bolt Lubricant—High temperature-resistant molybde-
since this test is designed for shelf stock gaskets.
num disulfide grease.
6. Flange Limits
4.2 Preparation of Apparatus:
4.2.1 Priortorunninganytestsinanewfixture,theintegrity
6.1 Ensure that the test pressure never exceeds the pressure/
of the assembled test fixture should be checked by running a
temperature rating of the flange class:
test at a temperature at least 100°F (38°C) higher than the test
Class 600 Cast Steel
temperature,withoutexceedingthetemperature/pressurerating
@ 400°F (205°C) Limited to 1270 psig (88.6 bar) or (8.87 MPa)
for the flange. A standard gasket material approved for these @ 500°F (260°C) Limited to 1200 psig (83.8 bar) or (8.38 MPa)
@ 600°F (316°C) Limited to 1095 psig (76.6 bar) or (7.66 MPa)
service conditions shall be used with water as the test fluid.
@ 700°F (371°C) Limited to 1065 psig (74.5 bar) or (7.45 MPa)
4.2.2 The maximum use temperature for the fixture with
saturated steam is 563°F (295°C). Therefore, if a test tempera-
7. Test Limits
ture is not specified, this maximum shall be used as the default.
However, any temperature that does not exceed this limit may 7.1 Temperature/pressure properties for saturated steam
be used if agreed upon by the producer and user. from the steam table:
F2716 − 08 (2014)
9.6.6 Using a calibrated torque wrench, torque the bolt
400°F (205°C) Generates 235 psig (16.2 bar) or (1.62 MPa)
450°F (232°C) Generates 405 psig (27.9 bar) or (2.79 MPa)
according to the FSA recommended cross pattern in 3 incre-
500°F (260°C) Generates 665 psig (45.8 bar) or (4.58 MPa)
ments of 20 6 5 ft·lbf (27 6 7 N·m) and finally one cycle at
540°F (282°C) Generates 945 psig (65.1 bar) or (6.51 MPa)
65 6 5 ft·lbf (886 7 N·m) (see ESA/FSA Publication No.
550°F (288°C) Generates 1035 psig (71.3 bar) or (7.13 MPa)
563°F (295°C) Generates 1145 psig (78.9 bar) or (7.89 MPa)
009/98 or ASME PCC-1, or both). Then torque each bolt
consecutively in a counterclockwise pattern at 65 ft·lbf (88
8. Bolt Torque Guidelines
N·m), doing the first bolt a second time. The final torque may
8.1 The recommended assembly torque is 65 6 5 ft·lbf (88 be adjusted as agreed upon between producer and user, but
6 7 N·m), which produces a gasket stress of approximately 11 must be clearly stated in the report. The default torque setting
000 psi (75.8 MPa). This calculation is based on the use of shal
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F2716 − 08 F2716 − 08 (Reapproved 2014)
Standard Practice for
Comparison of Nonmetallic Flat Gaskets in High Pressure
Saturated Steam
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2716; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice provides a means of comparing various nonmetallic flat gasket materials, Classification F104, in saturated
steam service under controlled conditions. While the practice is designed primarily for flat gaskets, it also can be applied to various
form-in-place gasket materials upon modification. The practice may be used for quality control or material comparison purposes
as agreed upon between producer and user. This practice is consistent with Fluid Sealing Association test method, FSA-NMG-
204-02, with regard to fixtures used and procedure.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A193/A193M Specification for Alloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting for High Temperature or High Pressure Service and Other
Special Purpose Applications
A194/A194M Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts for Bolts for High Pressure or High Temperature Service, or Both
F104 Classification System for Nonmetallic Gasket Materials
2.2 ASME Standards:
ASME B16.21 Nonmetallic Flat Gaskets for Pipe Flanges
ASME PCC-1 Guidelines for Pressure Boundary Bolted Flange Joint Assembly
2.3 ESA/FSA Standards:
ESA/FSA Publication No. 009/98 Guidelines for Safe Seal Usage - Flanges and Gaskets
FSA-NMG-204-02 Standard Test Method for Performance of Non-Asbestos Gaskets in High Pressure, Saturated Steam
3. Significance and Use
3.1 This practice may be used to evaluate Classification F104 gasket materials using saturated steam and standard ASME RF
(raised face) flanges. This practice is intended for use as quality control or material comparison tool and should not be used to
predict performance.
4. Apparatus
4.1 The test equipment shall consist of the following components:
4.1.1 Hot Air Circulating Oven, equipped with temperature controls and capable of maintaining temperatures up to 570 6 5°F
(299 6 3°C).
4.1.2 Scales, capable of maintaining an accuracy of 60.1 g with a nominal capacity of 12 kg.
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F03 on Gaskets and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F03.10 on Composite Gaskets.
Current edition approved May 1, 2008July 1, 2014. Published May 2008November 2014. Originally approved in 2008. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as
F2716 – 08. DOI: 10.1520/F2716-08.10.1520/F2716-08R14.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME International Headquarters, Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http://
www.asme.org.
Available from Fluid Sealing Association (FSA), 994 Old Eagle School Road, Suite 1019, Wayne, PA 19087–1866.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F2716 − 08 (2014)
4.1.3 Flange Fixture—A2 in. cast steel Class 600 fixture made from one weld neck flange capped by welding to boiler code and
one blind flange (see Fig. 1). Flange surfaces are 275 to 325 RMS μin. (7.0 to 8.3 μmm), flatness range 0.002 in. (0.05 mm). Each
fixture shall have an identification number.
4.1.4 Flange Protectors—To help ensure safe operation, use standard metal flange protectors.
4.1.5 Fasteners:
4.1.5.1 Seven ⁄8-in. bolts, 4 in. long, per Specification A193/A193M, Grade B7.
4.1.5.2 One calibrated bolt modified by the insertion of a calibration pin as detailed in Fig. 1.
4.1.5.3 Eight ⁄8-in. hexagonal nuts per Specification A194/A194M, Grade 4, coarse thread.
4.1.5.4 Sixteen ⁄8-in. hardened steel washers (38-45 HRC), Grade 8.
4.1.6 Calibrated Dial Indicator, graduated to 0.0001 in. (0.0025 mm) and equipped with a 90° conical contact point to be used
in conjunction with the adapter shown in Fig. 1.
4.1.7 Torque Wrench—One calibrated torque wrench with a minimum capacity of 70 ft·lbf (95 N·m).
4.1.8 Torque Wrench—One calibrated torque wrench with a range of 0 to 200 in.·lbf (0 to 23 N·m).
4.1.9 Bolt Lubricant—High temperature-resistant molybdenum disulfide grease.
4.2 Preparation of Apparatus:
4.2.1 Prior to running any tests in a new fixture, the integrity of the assembled test fixture should be checked by running a test
at a temperature at least 100°F (38°C) higher than the test temperature, without exceeding the temperature/pressure rating for the
flange. A standard gasket material approved for these service conditions shall be used with water as the test fluid.
4.2.2 The maximum use temperature for the fixture with saturated steam is 563°F (295°C). Therefore, if a test temperature is
not specified, this maximum shall be used as the default. However, any temperature that does not exceed this limit may be used
if agreed upon by the producer and user.
4.2.3 Follow the steps in Section 9 for one cycle of a minimum of 24 h. Ensure that the gasket is acceptable for that
temperature/pressure.
5. Test Specimen
5.1 The test specimen shall be a Class 600 2-in. (50-mm) ring gasket. It is recommended that a ⁄16-in. (1.5-mm) thick gasket
be used. However, other thicknesses can be used if agreed to by the producer and user.
5.1.1 See ASME B16.21, Table 8, for gasket dimensions.
5.1.2 See Classification F104 for thickness tolerance.
FIG. 1 FSA Steam Test Fixture
F2716 − 08 (2014)
5.1.3 Preconditioning of the test gasket is not necessary, since this test is designed for shelf stock gaskets.
6. Flange Limits
6.1 Ensure that the test pressure never exceeds the pressure/temperature rating of the flange class:
Class 600 Cast Steel
@ 400°F (205°C) Limited to 1270 psig (88.6 bar) or (8.87 MPa)
@ 500°F (260°C) Limited to 1200 psig (83.8 bar) or (8.38 MPa)
@ 600°F (316°C) Limited to 1095 psig (76.6 bar) or (7.66 MPa)
@ 700°F (371°C) Limited to 1065 psig (74.5 bar) or (7.45 MPa)
7. Test Limits
7.1 Temperature/pressure properties for saturated steam from the steam table:
F2716 − 08 (2014)
400°F (205°C) Generates 235 psig (16.2 bar) or (1.62 MPa)
450°F (232°C) Generates 405 psig (27.9 bar) or (2.79 MPa)
500°F (260°C) Generates 665 psig (45.8 bar) or (4.58 MPa)
540°F (282°C) Generates 945 psig (65.1 bar) or (6.51 MPa)
550°F (288°C) Generates 1035 psig (71.3 bar) or (7.13 MPa)
563°F (295°C) Generates 1145 psig (78.9 bar) or (7.89 MPa)
8. Bolt Torque Guidelines
8.1 The recommended assembly torque is 65 6 5 ft·lbf (88 6 7 N·m), which produces a gasket stress of approximately 11 000
psi (75.8 MPa). This calculation is based on the use of molybdenum disulfide grease as the bolt lubricant (4.1.9).
8.2 A recommended article is “Torque - Tensioning Part II” by Dr. H. E. Trucks. Also see ASME PCC-1.
8.3 Various assembly torques may be used, as agreed upon by producer and user, and provided the gasket stress is never less
than 4350 psi (30 MPa).
9. Procedure
9.1 A minimum of two test assemblies is recommended per gasket type tested.
9.2 En
...