ASTM C443-11
(Specification)Standard Specification for Joints for Concrete Pipe and Manholes, Using Rubber Gaskets
Standard Specification for Joints for Concrete Pipe and Manholes, Using Rubber Gaskets
ABSTRACT
This specification covers flexible watertight joints for concrete pipe and precast manhole sections, using rubber gaskets for sealing the joints, where infiltration or exfiltration is a factor in the design. The numerical values in this specification are not presented in metric or SI units, but rather, in inch-pound units only. All rubber gaskets shall meet the dimensions, tolerances, and physical requirements of both standard gasket and oil resistant gasket requirements. Assembled joints should pass the following performance test without leakage at the joints: pipes in straight alignment, and pipes in maximum deflected position.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers flexible watertight joints for concrete pipe and precast manhole sections, using rubber gaskets for sealing the joints, where infiltration or exfiltration is a factor in the design. The specification covers the design of joints and the requirements for rubber gaskets to be used therewith, for pipe conforming in all other respects to Specification C14, Specification C76, or Specification C507 and precast manhole section conforming in all other respects to Specification C478, provided that if there is conflict in permissible variations in dimensions the requirements of this specification for joints shall govern.
1.2 A complete metric companion to Specification C443 has been developedC443M; therefore, no metric equivalents are presented in this specification.
Note 1—This specification covers the design and performance of the rubber gasket joint only. Joints covered by this specification are normally adequate for hydrostatic pressures up to 13 psi (30 ft) without leakage, when tested in accordance with Section 9. Infiltration or exfiltration quantities for an installed pipeline are dependent upon many factors other than the joints, and allowable quantities must be covered by other specifications and suitable testing of the installed pipeline and system.
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Designation:C443 −11
StandardSpecification for
Joints for Concrete Pipe and Manholes, Using Rubber
1
Gaskets
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C443; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope C507 Specification for Reinforced Concrete Elliptical
Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe
1.1 This specification covers flexible watertight joints for
C822 Terminology Relating to Concrete Pipe and Related
concrete pipe and precast manhole sections, using rubber
Products
gasketsforsealingthejoints,whereinfiltrationorexfiltrationis
C1619 Specification for Elastomeric Seals for Joining Con-
a factor in the design. The specification covers the design of
crete Structures
joints and the requirements for rubber gaskets to be used
therewith, for pipe conforming in all other respects to Speci-
3. Terminology
fication C14, Specification C76, or Specification C507 and
3.1 Definitions—Fordefinitionsoftermsrelatingtoconcrete
precast manhole section conforming in all other respects to
pipe, see Terminology C822.
Specification C478, provided that if there is conflict in permis-
sible variations in dimensions the requirements of this speci-
4. Basis of Acceptance
fication for joints shall govern.
4.1 The acceptability of the pipe joints and gaskets shall be
1.2 Acomplete metric companion to Specification C443 has
determinedbytheresultsofthephysicaltestsprescribedinthis
been developed—C443M; therefore, no metric equivalents are
specification, if and when required, and by inspection to
presented in this specification.
determine whether the pipe joints and gaskets conform to this
NOTE 1—This specification covers the design and performance of the specification as to design and freedom from defects.
rubber gasket joint only. Joints covered by this specification are normally
adequate for hydrostatic pressures up to 13 psi (30 ft) without leakage, 5. Materials and Manufacture for Gaskets
when tested in accordance with Section 9. Infiltration or exfiltration
5.1 All rubber gaskets shall comply with Specification
quantities for an installed pipeline are dependent upon many factors other
C1619 in terms of materials and manufacture. The gaskets
than the joints, and allowable quantities must be covered by other
specifications and suitable testing of the installed pipeline and system.
shall be extruded or molded to the specified size within a
tolerance of 66 % on any dimension, measured at any cross
2. Referenced Documents
section.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
6. Physical Requirements for Gaskets
C14 Specification for Nonreinforced Concrete Sewer, Storm
6.1 Standard Gasket Requirements —All rubber gaskets
Drain, and Culvert Pipe
shall meet the dimensions, tolerances, and physical require-
C76 Specification for Reinforced Concrete Culvert, Storm
ments of Specification C1619, Class C.
Drain, and Sewer Pipe
C478 Specification for Precast Reinforced Concrete Man-
6.2 Oil Resistant Gasket Requirements—All rubber gaskets
hole Sections
shall meet the dimensions, tolerances, and physical require-
ments of Specification C1619, Class D.
7. Design of Joints
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C13 on
Concrete Pipe and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C13.08 on Joints for
7.1 The manufacturer shall furnish the owner with the
Precast Concrete Structures.
detailed design of the joint or joints including design and
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2011. Published September 2011. Originally
durometer hardness of the rubber gasket proposed to be
approved in 1959. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as C443 – 10. DOI:
10.1520/C0443-11.
furnished under this specification.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
7.1.1 The joint design shall consist of a bell or groove on
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
oneendofaunitofpipe,andaspigotortongueontheadjacent
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. end of the joining pipe.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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C443−11
1
7.1.2 All surfaces of the joint upon or against which the smaller; or by more than ⁄4 in. for internal diameters or
3
gasket is capable of bearing shall be smooth, free of spalls, equivalent diameters 33 to 54 in. inclusive; or not more than ⁄8
cracks or fractures, and imperfections that would adversely in. for int
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:C443–10 Designation: C443 – 11
Standard Specification for
Joints for Concrete Pipe and Manholes, Using Rubber
1
Gaskets
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C443; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers flexible watertight joints for concrete pipe and precast manhole sections, using rubber gaskets for
sealing the joints, where infiltration or exfiltration is a factor in the design. The specification covers the design of joints and the
requirements for rubber gaskets to be used therewith, for pipe conforming in all other respects to Specification C14, Specification
C76, or Specification C507 and precast manhole section conforming in all other respects to Specification C478, provided that if
there is conflict in permissible variations in dimensions the requirements of this specification for joints shall govern.
1.2 A complete metric companion to Specification C443 has been developed—C443M; therefore, no metric equivalents are
presented in this specification.
NOTE 1—This specification covers the design and performance of the rubber gasket joint only. Joints covered by this specification are normally
adequate for hydrostatic pressures up to 13 psi (30 ft) without leakage, when tested in accordance with Section 9. Infiltration or exfiltration quantities
for an installed pipeline are dependent upon many factors other than the joints, and allowable quantities must be covered by other specifications and
suitable testing of the installed pipeline and system.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C14 Specification for Nonreinforced Concrete Sewer, Storm Drain, and Culvert Pipe
C76 Specification for Reinforced Concrete Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe
C478 Specification for Precast Reinforced Concrete Manhole Sections
C507 Specification for Reinforced Concrete Elliptical Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe
C822 Terminology Relating to Concrete Pipe and Related Products
C1619 Specification for Elastomeric Seals for Joining Concrete Structures
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms relating to concrete pipe, see Terminology C822.
4. Basis of Acceptance
4.1 The acceptability of the pipe joints and gaskets shall be determined by the results of the physical tests prescribed in this
specification,ifandwhenrequired,andbyinspectiontodeterminewhetherthepipejointsandgasketsconformtothisspecification
as to design and freedom from defects.
5. Materials and Manufacture for Gaskets
5.1 All rubber gaskets shall comply with Specification C1619 in terms of materials and manufacture. The gaskets shall be
extruded or molded to the specified size within a tolerance of 66 % on any dimension, measured at any cross section.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C13 on Concrete Pipe and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C13.08 on Joints for Precast
Concrete Structures.
´1
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2010. Published December 2010. Originally approved in 1959. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as C443–05a . DOI:
10.1520/C0443-10.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2011. Published September 2011. Originally approved in 1959. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as C443 – 10. DOI:
10.1520/C0443-11.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
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C443 – 11
6. Physical Requirements for Gaskets
6.1 Standard Gasket Requirements —All rubber gaskets shall meet the dimensions, tolerances, and physical requirements of
Specification C1619, Class C.
6.2 Oil Resistant Gasket Requirements—All rubber gaskets shall meet the dimensions, tolerances, and physical requirements of
Specification C1619, Class D.
7. Design of Joints
7.1 The manufacturer shall furnish the owner with the detailed design of the joint or joints including design and durometer
hardness of the rubber gasket proposed to be furnished under this sp
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