ASTM D3550-84(1995)e1

Standard Practice for Thick Wall, Ring-Lined, Split Barrel, Drive Sampling of Soils

SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers procedure for thick wall, split barrel drive sampling of soil to obtain representative samples of soil for classification and laboratory testing. The sampler is considered to be a thick wall sampler with sharpened cutting shoe and ball check vent. The middle barrel section is often of split barrel design, but a solid barrel can be used and both may contain ring liners. The sampler is often driven, but can also be pushed in softer deposits. Penetration resistance data may be recorded. This standard uses procedures similar to Test Method D1586 on Penetration Resistance and Split Barrel Sampling of Soils. However, in this practice, differing hammer weights, drop heights, and different size samplers are used, so the data must not be reported as conforming to Test Method D1586 and cannot be used to determine Normalized penetration resistance data for sands in accordance with Practice D6066.
1.2 This practice involves use of rotary drilling equipment (Guide D5783, Practice D6151). Other drilling and sampling procedures (Guide D6286, Guide D6169) are available and may be more appropriate. Considerations for hand driving or shallow sampling without boreholes are not addressed. Subsurface investigations should be recorded in accordance with practice Guide D5434. Soil samples should be classified in accordance with Practice D2488.
1.3 This practice may or may not provide a sample suitable for advanced laboratory tests such as shear or consolidation testing. It is up to the user to determine if the sample quality is suitable for advanced laboratory testing for engineering properties. Driven samples can be more easily disturbed than pushed samples such as the thin wall tube in accordance with Practice D1587. However, thin wall tubes cannot be used in harder soils. In cases where it has been established that the quality of the thick wall driven sample is adequate, this practice may provide shear and consolidation specimens that can be used directly in the test apparatus without prior trimming. Some types of soils may gain or lose significant shear strength or compressibility, or both, as a result of sampling. In cases like these, suitable comparison tests should be made to evaluate the effect of sample disturbance on shear strength and compressibility.
1.4 This guide does not purport to comprehensively address all of the methods and the issues associated with soil sampling. Users should seek qualified professionals for the decisions as to the proper equipment and methods that would be most successful for their site investigation. Other methods may be available for monitoring soil sampling and qualified professionals should have flexibility to exercise judgement as to possible alternatives not covered in this guide. The practice is current at the time of issue, but new alternative and innovative methods may become available prior to revisions, therefore, users should consult with manufacturers or producers prior to specifying program requirements.
1.5 This practice offers an organized collection of information or a series of options and does not recommend a specific course of action. This document cannot replace education or experience and should be used in conjunction with professional judgement. Not all aspects of this practice may be applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to represent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy of a given professional service must be judged, nor should this document be applied without consideration of a project's many unique aspects. The word "Standard" in the title of this document means only that the document has been approved through the ASTM consensus process.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices. The user must comply with prevalent regulator...

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Jan-2001
• ICS: 93.020 - Earthworks. Excavations. Foundation construction. Underground works
• Technical Committee: D18 - Soil and Rock
• Drafting Committee: D18.02 - Sampling and Related Field Testing for Soil Evaluations

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM D3550-01 - Standard Practice for Thick Wall, Ring-Lined, Split Barrel, Drive Sampling of Soils
• Effective Date: 10-Jan-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D6914/D6914M-16 - Standard Practice for Sonic Drilling for Site Characterization and the Installation of Subsurface Monitoring Devices
• Effective Date: 10-Jan-2001
• Referred By: ASTM E2277-14(2019) - Standard Guide for Design and Construction of Coal Ash Structural Fills
• Effective Date: 10-Jan-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D6151/D6151M-15 - Standard Practice for Using Hollow-Stem Augers for Geotechnical Exploration and Soil Sampling (Withdrawn 2024)
• Effective Date: 10-Jan-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D5782-18 - Standard Guide for Use of Direct Air-Rotary Drilling for Geoenvironmental Exploration and the Installation of Subsurface Water-Quality Monitoring Devices
• Effective Date: 10-Jan-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D6232-21 - Standard Guide for Selection of Sampling Equipment for Waste and Contaminated Media Data Collection Activities
• Effective Date: 10-Jan-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D5084-16a - Standard Test Methods for Measurement of Hydraulic Conductivity of Saturated Porous Materials Using a Flexible Wall Permeameter
• Effective Date: 10-Jan-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D4186/D4186M-20e1 - Standard Test Method for One-Dimensional Consolidation Properties of Saturated Cohesive Soils Using Controlled-Strain Loading
• Effective Date: 10-Jan-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D5784/D5784M-18 - Standard Guide for Use of Hollow-Stem Augers for Geoenvironmental Exploration and the Installation of Subsurface Water Quality Monitoring Devices
• Effective Date: 10-Jan-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D7100-11(2020) - Standard Test Method for Hydraulic Conductivity Compatibility Testing of Soils with Aqueous Solutions
• Effective Date: 10-Jan-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D5092/D5092M-16 - Standard Practice for Design and Installation of Groundwater Monitoring Wells
• Effective Date: 10-Jan-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D4700-15 - Standard Guide for Soil Sampling from the Vadose Zone (Withdrawn 2024)
• Effective Date: 10-Jan-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D6031/D6031M-96(2015) - Standard Test Method for Logging In Situ Moisture Content and Density of Soil and Rock by the Nuclear Method in Horizontal, Slanted, and Vertical Access Tubes
• Effective Date: 10-Jan-2001
• Referred By: ASTM E2278-13(2019) - Standard Guide for Use of Coal Combustion Products (CCPs) for Surface Mine Reclamation: Revegetation and Mitigation of Acid Mine Drainage
• Effective Date: 10-Jan-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D6528-17 - Standard Test Method for Consolidated Undrained Direct Simple Shear Testing of Fine Grain Soils
• Effective Date: 10-Jan-2001

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
e1
Designation: D 3550 – 84 (Reapproved 1995)
AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS
100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
Reprinted from the Annual Book of ASTM Standards. Copyright ASTM
Standard Practice for
Ring-Lined Barrel Sampling of Soils
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3550; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
e NOTE—Editorial changes were made in March 1995.
1. Scope require diamond coring (Practice D 2113).
1.1 This practice covers a procedure for using a ring-lined
4. Apparatus
barrel sampler to obtain representative samples of soil for
4.1 Drilling Equipment—Any drilling equipment may be
identification purposes and other laboratory tests. In cases
used that provides a reasonably clean hole before insertion of
where it has been established that the quality of the sample is
the sampler and that does not disturb the soil to be sampled.
adequate, this practice provides shear and consolidation speci-
However, in no case shall a bottom-discharge bit be permitted.
mens that can be used directly in the test apparatus without
Side-discharge bits are permissible.
prior trimming. Some types of soils may gain or lose signifi-
4.2 Drive Weight Assembly—Any drive weight assembly
cant shear strength or compressibility, or both, as a result of
that will provide penetration in the range from 1 to 20 blows
sampling. In cases like these, suitable comparison tests should
per foot (0.30-m) may be used. Whenever possible, soils are to
be made to evaluate the effect of sample disturbance on shear
be sampled by pushing instead of driving (see Section 5).
strength and compressibility.
4.3 Ring-Lined Barrel Sampling Assembly—This shall con-
1.2 This practice is not intended to be used as a penetration
sist of a shoe, sampler, and waste barrel, as shown in Fig. 1.
test; however, the force required to achieve penetration or a
4.4 Ring-Lined Sampler—Test specimens shall be obtained
blow count, when driving is necessary, is recommended as
using a suitable one piece or split sampling barrel lined on the
supplemental information.
inside with removable rings. These rings shall be thin-walled
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
and shall conform to the size requirements of the particular
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
laboratory test determinations employed. They shall fit snugly
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
inside the sampler with no discernible free play in any
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
direction. The sampler may be sectionalized to allow end-to-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
end make-up of sections as necessary. Each section shall be
2. Referenced Documents designed so that addition or removal of sections will not
loosen, permit movement, or otherwise adversely affect reten-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
tion of the rings within the sampler. The sampler and rings shall
D 1586 Test Method for Penetration Test and Split-Barrel
be free of bumps, dents, scratches, rust, dirt, and corrosion.
Sampling of Soils
D 1587 Practice for Thin-Walled Tube Sampling of Soils
NOTE 1—It is recommended that the sampler contain at least six rings
D 2113 Practice for Diamond Core Drilling for Site Inves-
in order to provide samples for a variety of tests.
tigation
4.5 Waste Barrel—A waste barrel that can be removed from
D 2488 Practice for Description and Identification of Soils
the sampler in the field shall be provided to contain space for
(Visual-Manual Procedure)
disturbed soil originally at the bottom of the hole. The length
of the waste barrel shall be at least three times its interior
3. Significance and Use
diameter, and the inside diameter shall be the same, or slightly
3.1 This practice is used where soil condition and resistance
larger than, the inside diameter of the rings.
to advance of the sampler do not permit the use of a thin-wall
4.5.1 An attachment, check valve, and one or more vents is
tube (Practice D 1587) and where the formation does not
required. The design of these items is optional.
4.6 Shoe—The shoe shall be machined as shown in Fig. 1.
The inside of the assembled shoe and ring-lined sampler shall
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-18 on Soil and
Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.02 on Sampling and be smooth, straight, and uniform. The thin-walled extension of
Related Field Testing for Soil Investigations.
the shoe shall be 2 to 4 in. (51 to 102 mm) in outside diameter
Current edition approved Jan. 27, 1984. Published April 1984. Originally
and made of any materials of adequate strength and resistance
e1
published as D 3550 – 77. Last previous edition D 3550 – 77 .
to corrosion. The length of the thin-walled extension shall be
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.08.
D 3550
NOTE 1—Inside clearance ratio 5 (D − D )/D
i e e
NOTE 2—Dimensional tolerance of D 560.003 in. (60.08 mm)
i
FIG. 1 Ring-Lined Barrel Sampling Assembly
equal to three times the diameter of its opening, but shall not sampling elevation. Water or drilling liquid within the boring
exceed 8 in. (203 mm). The inside clearance ratio shall be must be maintained at all times at or above the natural ground
between 0.5 and 3.0 %. (See Fig. 1 for inside clearance ratio water level; it is preferable to keep the hole filled.
formula.) The wall thickness of the thin-walled extension shall
5.2 Keep a careful record of drill penetration and sampler
conform to Fig. 1.
depth to ensure that the soil being sampled is the original soil
4.6.1 The thin-walled extension of the shoe shall be per-
at the bottom of the hole and is not contaminated by soil falling
fectly round. Shoes that have become out-of-round for any
down from the sides of the hole. If there is any significant
...