ASTM D6927-05e1

Standard Test Method for Marshall Stability and Flow of Bituminous Mixtures

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers measurement of resistance to plastic flow of 102 mm (4 in.) cylindrical specimens of bituminous paving mixture loaded in a direction perpendicular to the cylindrical axis by means of the Marshall apparatus. This test method is for use with dense graded bituminous mixtures prepared with asphalt cement (modified and unmodified), cutback asphalt, tar, and tar-rubber with maximum size aggregate up to 25 mm (1 in.) in size (passing 25 mm (1 in.) sieve).
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-May-2005
• ICS: 93.080.20 - Road construction materials
• Technical Committee: D04 - Road and Paving Materials
• Drafting Committee: D04.20 - Mechanical Tests of Asphalt Mixtures

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D6927-05 - Standard Test Method for Marshall Stability and Flow of Bituminous Mixtures
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2005
• Replaced By: ASTM D6927-06 - Standard Test Method for Marshall Stability and Flow of Bituminous Mixtures
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2006
• Referred By: ASTM D7870/D7870M-20 - Standard Practice for Moisture Conditioning Compacted Asphalt Mixture Specimens by Using Hydrostatic Pore Pressure
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2005
• Referred By: ASTM D6926-20 - Standard Practice for Preparation of Asphalt Mixture Specimens Using Marshall Apparatus
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2005
• Referred By: ASTM D8360-22 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Rutting Tolerance Index of Asphalt Mixture Using the Ideal Rutting Test
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2005
• Referred By: ASTM D5581-07A(2021)e1 - Standard Test Method for Resistance to Plastic Flow of Bituminous Mixtures Using Marshall Apparatus (6 in. Diameter Specimen)
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2005
• Referred By: ASTM D979/D979M-22 - Standard Practice for Sampling Asphalt Mixtures
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2005
• Referred By: ASTM D3666-16 - Standard Specification for Minimum Requirements for Agencies Testing and Inspecting Road and Paving Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2005
• Referred By: ASTM D6931-17 - Standard Test Method for Indirect Tensile (IDT) Strength of Asphalt Mixtures
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2005

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
e1
Designation:D6927–05
Standard Test Method for
1
Marshall Stability and Flow of Bituminous Mixtures
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6927; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
e NOTE—Editorial changes were made throughout in August 2005.
1. Scope D 6926 Practice for Preparation of Bituminous Specimens
Using Marshall Apparatus
1.1 This test method covers measurement of resistance to
plastic flow of 102 mm (4 in.) cylindrical specimens of
3. Significance and Use
bituminous paving mixture loaded in a direction perpendicular
3.1 Marshall stability and flow values along with density;
tothecylindricalaxisbymeansoftheMarshallapparatus.This
air voids in the total mix, voids in the mineral aggregate, or
test method is for use with dense graded bituminous mixtures
voids filled with asphalt, or both, filled with asphalt are used
prepared with asphalt cement (modified and unmodified),
for laboratory mix design and evaluation of bituminous mix-
cutback asphalt, tar, and tar-rubber with maximum size aggre-
tures. In addition, Marshall stability and flow can be used to
gate up to 25 mm (1 in.) in size (passing 25 mm (1 in.) sieve).
monitor the plant process of producing bituminous mixture.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
Marshall stability and flow may also be used to relatively
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
evaluate different mixes and the effects of conditioning such as
only.
with water.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1.1 Marshall stability and flow are bituminous mixture
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
characteristics determined from tests of compacted specimens
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
of a specified geometry. The Marshall Test can be conducted
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
with two different types of equipment: (1) MethodA—using a
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
loadingframewithaloadringandadialgaugefordeformation
2. Referenced Documents or flow meter (Traditional Method) or (2) Method B—using a
2 load-deformation recorder in conjunction with a load cell and
2.1 ASTM Standards:
linear variable differential transducer (LVDT) or other auto-
C 670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements
matic recording device (Automated Method).
for Test Methods for Construction Materials
3.1.2 Typically,Marshallstabilityisthepeakresistanceload
D 1188 Test Method for Bulk Specific Gravity and Density
obtained during a constant rate of deformation loading se-
ofCompactedBituminousMixturesUsingParaffin-Coated
quence. However, depending on the composition and behavior
Specimens
of the mixture, a less defined type of failure has been observed,
D 2726 Test Method for Bulk Specific Gravity and Density
as illustrated in Fig. 1. As an alternative method, Marshall
of Non-Absorptive Compacted Bituminous Mixtures
stability can also be defined as the load obtained, when the rate
D 3549 Test Method for Thickness or Height of Compacted
of loading increase begins to decrease, such that the curve
Bituminous Paving Mixture Specimens
starts to become horizontal, as shown in the bottom graph of
D 6752 Test Method for Bulk Specific Gravity and Density
Fig. 1. The magnitude of Marshall Stability varies with
of Compacted Bituminous Mixtures Using Automatic
aggregate type and grading and bitumen type, grade and
Vacuum Sealing Method
amount. Various agencies have criteria for Marshall stability.
3.1.3 Marshall flow is a measure of deformation (elastic
plus plastic) of the bituminous mix determined during the
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road
stability test. In both types of failure, the Marshall flow is the
and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.20 on
total sample deformation from the point where the projected
Mechanical Tests of Bituminous Mixtures.
tangent of the linear part of the curve intersects the x-axis
CurrenteditionapprovedJune1,2005.PublishedJuly2005.Originallyapproved
in 2004. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D 6927 – 04.
(deformation) to the point where the curve starts to become
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
horizontal. As shown in Fig. 1, this latter point usually
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
corresponds to the peak stability; however, as an alternative
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the AS
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