ASTM D848-97
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Acid Wash Color of Industrial Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Standard Test Method for Acid Wash Color of Industrial Aromatic Hydrocarbons
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the acid wash color of benzene, toluene, xylenes, refined solvent naphthas, and similar industrial aromatic hydrocarbons.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 8 and Note 1.
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
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Designation: D 848 – 97
Standard Test Method for
Acid Wash Color of Industrial Aromatic Hydrocarbons
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 848; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope internal quality control tool and in development or research
work.
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the acid
5.2 The color developed in the acid layer gives an indication
wash color of benzene, toluene, xylenes, refined solvent
of impurities which if sulfonated would cause the material to
naphthas, and similar industrial aromatic hydrocarbons.
be discolored.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
6. Apparatus
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
6.1 Containers for Color Standards—Clear and unblem-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
ished, clean, French square, flint-glass, flat-bottom, glass-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard
stoppered, 1-oz capacity bottles holding 31 to 33 mL when
statements, see Section 8 and Note 1.
filled to the neck. The bottles shall be numbered consecutively
2. Referenced Documents from 0 to 14.
6.2 Test Containers—Containers exactly like those de-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
2 scribed in 6.1 except that each French square bottle shall be
D 1193 Specification for Reagent Water
marked by etching to show when the bottle contains the
D 3437 Practice for Sampling and Handling Liquid Cyclic
3 volume of 7 and 28 mL, respectively. Colored crayons and
Products
similar markers shall not be used for marking the bottles.
D 4790 Terminology of Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Re-
lated Chemicals
7. Reagents
2.2 Other Document:
7.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be
OSHA Regulations. 29 CFR, paragraphs 1910.1000 and
4 used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that
1910.1200
all reagents shall conform to the specifications of the Commit-
3. Terminology tee on Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society,
where such specifications are available. Other grades may be
3.1 See Terminology D 4790 for definitions of terms used in
used provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of
this test method.
sufficiently high purity to permit its use without lessening the
4. Summary of Test Method accuracy of the determination.
7.2 Purity of Water—Unless otherwise indicated, references
4.1 A mixture of the aromatic hydrocarbon and sulfuric acid
to water shall be understood to mean distilled water, Type I or
is vigorously shaken and the color of the acid layer is compared
II as described in Specification D 1193.
with that of color standards prepared from CoCl and FeCl .
2 3
7.3 Cobalt Chloride (CoCl ·6H O).
2 2
5. Significance and Use
7.4 Ferric Chloride (FeCl ·6H O).
3 2
7.5 Hydrochloric Acid (1 + 39)—Mix 25 mL of hydrochlo-
5.1 This test method is suitable for setting specifications on
ric acid (31 weight % HCl) with 975 mL of water.
the materials referenced in 1.1. It may also be used as an
7.6 Potassium Chromate (K CrO ).
2 4
7.7 Potassium Dichromate (K Cr O ).
2 2 7
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D16 on
7.8 Sulfuric Acid (96 6 0.5 weight % H SO ).
2 4
Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Related Chemicals and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D16.01 on Benzene, Toluene, Xylenes, Cyclohexane, and Their
Derivatives.
Current edition approved June 10, 1997. Published September 1997. Originally Reagent Chemicals, American Chemical Society Specifications, American
published as D 848 – 45. Last previous edition D 848 – 93. Chemical Society, Washington, DC. For suggestions on the testing of reagents not
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.01. listed by the American Chemical Society, see Analar Standards for Laboratory
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.04. Chemicals, BDH Ltd., Poole, Dorset, U.K., and the United States Pharmacopeia
Available from Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing and National Formulary, U.S. Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc. (USPC), Rockville,
Office, Washington, DC 20402. MD.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D 848
7.9 Sulfuric Acid (78 6 0.5 weight % H SO ). filling the French square bottles, leave ⁄4 in. (6 mm) of vapor
2 4
space below the neck of the bottle. Seal each container with
8. Hazards
paraffin to prevent loss by evaporation or seepage.
8.1 Consult current OSHA regulations, supplier’s Material
12. Procedure
Safety Data Sheets, and local regulations for all materials used
in this test method.
12.1 Rinse a test container (5.2) twice with acid of the
8.2 When handling strong acids or acid cleaning solutions, strength specified in Table 1 for the type of sample to be tested
wear proper personnel protective equipment.
(Note 1). Drain the rinsings and fill with the acid up to the
7-mL mark. Add sufficient sample to bring the total volume to
9. Sampling
the 28-mL mark (Note 2). Insert the stopper, hold a finger over
9.1 Sample the material in accordance with Practice
the stopper, and give vigorous shakes with a stroke of 13 to 25
D 3437. cm (5 to 10 in.), shaking for a total of 150 cycles over a period
of 40 to 50 s, that is at a rate of 3 to 3.75 cycles/s.
10. Cleaning of Containers
NOTE 1—Precaution: Concentrated sulfuric acid will cause severe
10.1 Clean the containers (Section 6) with a cleaning
burns on contact with the skin. As a precaution the test container should
solution that will not impact the results, such as a chromatic
be wrapped in a towel or enclosed in a plastic bag during the shaking
acid substitute, rinse with tap water followed by distilled water,
period.
and dry in an oven set at a minimum of 105°C for at least 1 h. NOTE 2—If the room temperature is above 85°F, maintain the acid,
sample, and reference color standards at a temperature between 77 and
Likewise, clean all other glassware
...
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