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ASTM D4790-23

(Terminology)

Standard Terminology of Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Related Chemicals

Standard Terminology of Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Related Chemicals

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
31-Mar-2023
ICS
01.040.71 - Chemical technology (Vocabularies)
71.080.15 - Aromatic hydrocarbons
Technical Committee
D16 - Aromatic, Industrial, Specialty and Related Chemicals
Drafting Committee
D16.05 - Editorial and Nomenclature
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Refers
ASTM D4734-20 - Standard Specification for Refined Benzene-545
Effective Date
01-Apr-2020

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Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D4790 − 23
Standard Terminology of
1
Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Related Chemicals
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4790; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
3
1. Referenced Documents Point Depression (Withdrawn 1979)
2
D2269 Test Method for Evaluation of White Mineral Oils by
1.1 ASTM Standards:
Ultraviolet Absorption
D835 Specification for Refined Benzene-485 (Withdrawn
3
D2279 Method of Test for Acid Wash Color of Refined
1997)
3
Naphthalene (Withdrawn 1982)
D841 Specification for Nitration Grade Toluene
D2323 Specification for Refined Pyridine (1 Degree) (With-
D843 Specification for Nitration Grade Xylene
3
drawn 2003)
D846 Specification for Ten-Degree Xylene (Withdrawn
3
D2359 Specification for Refined Benzene-535
1989)
D2403 Specification for Refined Phthalic Anhydride-1308
D847 Test Method for Acidity of Benzene, Toluene,
3
(Withdrawn 2008)
Xylenes, Solvent Naphthas, and Similar Industrial Aro-
D2777 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias of
matic Hydrocarbons
Applicable Test Methods of Committee D19 on Water
D848 Test Method for Acid Wash Color of Industrial Aro-
D2827 Specification for Styrene Monomer
matic Hydrocarbons
D2935 Test Method for Apparent Density of Industrial
D1015 Test Method for Freezing Points of High-Purity
3
3
Aromatic Hydrocarbons (Withdrawn 2005)
Hydrocarbons (Withdrawn 2019)
D3980 Practice for Interlaboratory Testing of Paint and
D1016 Test Method for Purity of Hydrocarbons from Freez-
3 3
Related Materials (Withdrawn 1998)
ing Points (Withdrawn 2019)
D4053 Test Method for Benzene in Motor and Aviation
D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
3
Gasoline by Infrared Spectroscopy (Withdrawn 2013)
D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API
Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Prod- D4734 Specification for Refined Benzene-545
ucts by Hydrometer Method E12 Terminology Relating to Density and Specific Gravity
3
D1492 Test Method for Bromine Index of Aromatic Hydro- of Solids, Liquids, and Gases (Withdrawn 1996)
carbons by Coulometric Titration
D1840 Test Method for Naphthalene Hydrocarbons in Avia-
2. Terminology
tion Turbine Fuels by Ultraviolet Spectrophotometry
absorbance, n—the logarithm to the base 10 of the reciprocal
D2031 Test Method for Reducing Substances in Refined
3
of the relative transmittance, T, expressed as:
Pyridine (Withdrawn 2003)
D2121 Test Methods for Polymer Content of Styrene Mono-
A 5 log 1/T 5 2log T (1)
~ !
10 10
mer
D1840, D2269, D4053; D02
D2147 Method of Test for Detection and Estimation of
accuracy, n—the agreement between the mean of a series of
Water-Insoluble Impurities in Refined Phenol by Cloud
repeated measurements of a property and the accepted
reference value of the property. D3980; D01
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D16 on
Aromatic, Industrial, Specialty and Related Chemicals and is the direct responsi- acidity, n—the number of milligrams of sodium hydroxide
bility of Subcommittee D16.05 on Editorial and Nomenclature.
consumed when 100 mL of the sample are titrated under the
Current edition approved April 1, 2023. Published April 2023. Originally
conditions prescribed in this method. D847; D16
approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 2020 as D4790 – 20a. DOI:
10.1520/D4790-23.
acid reaction, n—a characteristic of materials producing the
The boldface designations refer to the original source of the definition and the
ASTM Technical Committee having jurisdiction. acid-color of the indicator used under the conditions pre-
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
scribed in this method. D847; D16
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
acid wash color, n—the color developed in the separated acid
the ASTM website.
3
when a sample is agitated with sulfuric acid under the
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
www.astm.org. condition prescribed in this method. D848; D2279; D16
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4790 − 23
aldehydes, n—a broad class of organic compounds having a a total distillation range of no more than 1 °C. Refer to
generic formula RCHO, and characterized by a
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D4790 − 20a D4790 − 23
Standard Terminology of
1
Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Related Chemicals
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4790; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 ASTM Standards:
3
D835 Specification for Refined Benzene-485 (Withdrawn 1997)
D841 Specification for Nitration Grade Toluene
D843 Specification for Nitration Grade Xylene
3
D846 Specification for Ten-Degree Xylene (Withdrawn 1989)
D847 Test Method for Acidity of Benzene, Toluene, Xylenes, Solvent Naphthas, and Similar Industrial Aromatic Hydrocarbons
D848 Test Method for Acid Wash Color of Industrial Aromatic Hydrocarbons
3
D1015 Test Method for Freezing Points of High-Purity Hydrocarbons (Withdrawn 2019)
3
D1016 Test Method for Purity of Hydrocarbons from Freezing Points (Withdrawn 2019)
D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by
Hydrometer Method
D1492 Test Method for Bromine Index of Aromatic Hydrocarbons by Coulometric Titration
D1840 Test Method for Naphthalene Hydrocarbons in Aviation Turbine Fuels by Ultraviolet Spectrophotometry
3
D2031 Test Method for Reducing Substances in Refined Pyridine (Withdrawn 2003)
D2121 Test Methods for Polymer Content of Styrene Monomer
D2147 Method of Test for Detection and Estimation of Water-Insoluble Impurities in Refined Phenol by Cloud Point Depression
3
(Withdrawn 1979)
D2269 Test Method for Evaluation of White Mineral Oils by Ultraviolet Absorption
3
D2279 Method of Test for Acid Wash Color of Refined Naphthalene (Withdrawn 1982)
3
D2323 Specification for Refined Pyridine (1 Degree) (Withdrawn 2003)
D2359 Specification for Refined Benzene-535
3
D2403 Specification for Refined Phthalic Anhydride-1308 (Withdrawn 2008)
D2777 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias of Applicable Test Methods of Committee D19 on Water
D2827 Specification for Styrene Monomer
3
D2935 Test Method for Apparent Density of Industrial Aromatic Hydrocarbons (Withdrawn 2005)
3
D3980 Practice for Interlaboratory Testing of Paint and Related Materials (Withdrawn 1998)
3
D4053 Test Method for Benzene in Motor and Aviation Gasoline by Infrared Spectroscopy (Withdrawn 2013)
D4734 Specification for Refined Benzene-545
3
E12 Terminology Relating to Density and Specific Gravity of Solids, Liquids, and Gases (Withdrawn 1996)
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D16 on Aromatic, Industrial, Specialty and Related Chemicals and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D16.05 on Editorial and Nomenclature.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2020April 1, 2023. Published October 2020April 2023. Originally approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 2020 as
D4790 – 20.D4790 – 20a. DOI: 10.1520/D4790-20A.10.1520/D4790-23.
The boldface designations refer to the original source of the definition and the ASTM Technical Committee having jurisdiction.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4790 − 23
2. Terminology
absorbance, n—the logarithm to the base 10 of the reciprocal of the relative transmittance, T, expressed as:
A 5 log 1/T 52log T (1)
~ !
10 10
D1840, D2269, D4053; D02
accuracy,n—the agreement between the mean of a series of repeated measurements of a property and the accepted reference
value of the property. D3980; D01
acidity, n—the number of milligrams of sodium hydroxide consumed when 100 mL of the sample are titrated under the
conditions prescribed in this method. D847; D16
acid reaction, n—a characteristic of materials producing the acid-color of the indicator used under the conditions prescribed in
this method. D847; D16
acid wash color, n—the color developed in the separated acid when a sample is agitated with sulfuric acid under the condition
prescribed in this method. D848; D2279;
...

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5.1 This test method is designed to determine the temperature at which the Wet Blue or Wet White specimen experiences shrinkage. In this test method, shrinkage occurs as a result of hydrothermal denaturation of the collagen protein molecules which make up the fiber structure of the Wet Blue or Wet White. The shrinkage temperature of Wet Blue or Wet White is influenced by many different factors, most of which appear to affect the number and nature of crosslinking interactions between adjacent polypeptide chains of the collagen protein molecules. The value of the shrinkage temperature of Wet Blue or Wet White is commonly used as an indicator of the type of tannage or the degree of tannage, or both, of that particular Wet Blue or Wet White (especially for the more hydrothermally stable tannages such as chrome tannage).
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the shrinkage temperature of all types of Wet Blue and Wet White. The heating medium is water when the shrinkage temperature is at or below 98 °C. The heating medium is a glycerine-water solution when the shrinkage temperature is above 98 °C.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D8530/D8530M-23(Guide)
Standard Guide for the Selection and Use of Waterstops

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide is intended to be used in the selection and installation of waterstops in cast-in-place concrete construction. This guide is intended to assist the building owner, owner’s representative, architect, engineer, contractor, and/or authorized inspector during the specification and installation of waterstops.  
4.2 This guide is applicable to cast-in-place concrete construction. The use of this guide may not be appropriate for installation of waterstops in other types of concrete construction, including but not limited to, pneumatically applied (that is, shotcrete) and precast concrete construction.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers the use of waterstops within cast-in-place concrete construction. Waterstops are generally placed within static, non-moving construction joints in concrete to close off the joint to water, which may be under significant hydrostatic pressure. They are used as part of the overall waterproofing strategy for a building or other structure. Expansion and other types of moving joints may require the use of waterstops, which can accommodate the anticipated movement of the structure and are beyond the scope of this guide.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents: therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM E2956-23(Guide)
Standard Guide for Monitoring the Neutron Exposure of LWR Reactor Pressure Vessels

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Regulatory Requirements—The USA Code of Federal Regulations (10CFR Part 50, Appendix H) requires the implementation of a reactor vessel materials surveillance program for all operating LWRs. Other countries have similar regulations. The purpose of the program is to (1) monitor changes in the fracture toughness properties of ferritic materials in the reactor vessel beltline6 resulting from exposure to neutron irradiation and the thermal environment, and (2) make use of the data obtained from surveillance programs to determine the conditions under which the vessel can be operated with adequate margins of safety throughout its service life. Practice E185, derived mechanical property data, and (r, θ, z) physics-dosimetry data (derived from the calculations and reactor cavity and surveillance capsule measurements (1) using physics-dosimetry standards) can be used together with information in Guide E900 and Refs. 4, 11-18 to provide a relation between property degradation and neutron exposure, commonly called a “trend curve.” To obtain this trend curve at all points in the pressure vessel wall requires that the selected trend curve be used together with the appropriate (r, θ, z) neutron field information derived by use of this guide to accomplish the necessary interpolations and extrapolations in space and time.  
4.2 Neutron Field Characterization—The tasks required to satisfy the second part of the objective of 4.1 are complex and are summarized in Practice E853. In doing this, it is necessary to describe the neutron field at selected (r, θ, z) points within the pressure vessel wall. The description can be either time dependent or time averaged over the reactor service period of interest. This description can best be obtained by combining neutron transport calculations with plant measurements such as reactor cavity (ex-vessel) and surveillance capsule or RPV cladding (in-vessel) measurements, benchmark irradiations of dosimeter sensor materials, and knowledge of th...
SCOPE
1.1 This guide establishes the means and frequency of monitoring the neutron exposure of the LWR reactor pressure vessel throughout its operating life.  
1.2 The physics-dosimetry relationships determined from this guide may be used to estimate reactor pressure vessel damage through the application of Practice E693 and Guide E900, using fast neutron fluence (E > 1.0 MeV and E > 0.1 MeV), displacements per atom (dpa), or damage-function-correlated exposure parameters as independent exposure variables. Supporting the application of these standards are the E853, E944, E1005, and E1018 standards, identified in 2.1.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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    12 pages
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  • Guide
    12 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off