ASTM D7722-13
(Terminology)Standard Terminology Relating to Industrial Textile Stitches and Seams
Standard Terminology Relating to Industrial Textile Stitches and Seams
SCOPE
1.1 This terminology covers stitches and seams related to industrial textiles.
1.2 Section 3, Terminology, is categorized into two subsections, specific to the two areas of specialization under this document.
1.2.1 Section 3.1 Relating to Seams.
1.2.2 Section 3.2 Relating to Stitches.
1.3 For other terms relating to textiles refer to Terminology D123.
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Designation: D7722 − 13
Standard Terminology Relating to
1
Industrial Textile Stitches and Seams
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7722; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope needle damage, n—in sewn fabrics, the partial or complete
yarn severance or fiber fusing caused by a needle passing
1.1 This terminology covers stitches and seams related to
through a fabric during sewing.
industrial textiles.
DISCUSSION—This can also be referred to as needle cuts. D1908-89
1.2 Section 3, Terminology, is categorized into two
seam, n—a line where two or more fabrics are joined, usually
subsections, specific to the two areas of specialization under
near the edge. (See also sewn seam. See Terminology
this document.
D5646 for glued seam, stapled seam, and thermally bonded
1.2.1 Section 3.1 Relating to Seams.
seam.) D6193
1.2.2 Section 3.2 Relating to Stitches.
1.3 For other terms relating to textiles refer to Terminology
seam allowance, n—in sewn fabrics, the distance from the
D123.
edge of a fabric to the parallel stitch line furthest from that
edge. D1683/D1683M, D6193
2. Referenced Documents
seam assembly, n—the composite structure obtained when
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
fabric(s) are joined by means of a seam. D1683/D1683M,
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
D6193
D1683/D1683M Test Method for Failure in Sewn Seams of
DISCUSSION—A seam assembly may be described in terms of fabric
Woven Apparel Fabrics
orientation, seam direction, seam type, stitch type, seam allowance,
D1908 Test Method for Needle-Related Damage Due to
sewing thread tex number(s) and type(s) stitch density, stitch gage, and
3
Sewing in Woven Fabrics
rows of stitching. D1683/D1683M
D5646 Terminology Relating to Seams and Stitches Used in
seam damage, n— in sewn fabrics, an adverse change in the
Home Sewing
physical condition of one or more of the components in a
D6193 Practice for Stitches and Seams
seam which would reduce the seam acceptability such as
yarn slippage, needle damage, or fabric rupture. D6193
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions Relating to Seams:
seam efficiency, n—in sewn fabrics, the ratio, expressed as a
percentage, of the breaking force required to rupture a sewn
double-stitched seam-finish, n—a finish for the raw edges of
seam to that required to rupture the fabric; seam strength to
a plain seam, in which another row of machine stitching is
fabric strength. D1683/D1683M, D6193
made through both seam allowances placed together. D1683/
DISCUSSION—For some constructions, yarn strength and stitchtype
D1683M, D6193
can contribute to a higher seam efficiency value. D6193
grin, v—in sewn seams, to stress a seam so that the individual
seam engineering, n—in sewn fabrics, the procedures used to
stitches can be seen.
select a specific combination of sewing thread, stitch type,
seam type, and stitch density to achieve the maximum sewn
seam strength for a particular fabric type. D1683/D1683M
1
ThisterminologyisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD13onTextiles
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.54 on Subassemblies.
seam failure, n— in sewn fabrics, that point at which an
Current edition approved July 1, 2013. Published August 2013. Originally
externalforce (1)rupturesthesewingthread, (2)rupturesthe
approved in 2011. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D7722-11. DOI:
fabric, (3) causes excessive yarn slippage adjacent to the
10.1520/D7722-13.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
stitches, or (4) causes any combination of these unacceptable
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
conditions. D1683/D1683M
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
DISCUSSION—Despite the lack of rupture, excessive seam slippage
the ASTM website.
3
willeithersignificantlyreduceseamefficiency,or,resultinanunsightly
Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced
on www.astm.org. appearance thus creating seam failure. D1683/D1683M
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7722 − 13
seam interaction, n—in sewn fabrics, the net effect of the standard seam, n—a seam assembly which uses a specific
relationship between the combination of fabric, seam type, seam type for a designated fabric having specific weight,
stitch type, and stitch density on seam efficiency. density and construction. D1683/D1683M
D1683/D1683M
stitch, n—in sewn seams, the repeated
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7722 − 11 D7722 − 13
Standard Terminology Relating to
1
Industrial Textile Stitches and Seams
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7722; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This terminology covers stitches and seams related to industrial textiles.
1.2 Section 3, Terminology, is categorized into two subsections, specific to the two areas of specialization under this document.
1.2.1 Section 3.1 Relating to Seams.
1.2.2 Section 3.2 Relating to Stitches.
1.3 For other terms relating to textiles refer to Terminology D123.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
D1683/D1683M Test Method for Failure in Sewn Seams of Woven Apparel Fabrics
3
D1908 Test Method for Needle-Related Damage Due to Sewing in Woven Fabrics
D5646 Terminology Relating to Seams and Stitches Used in Home Sewing
D6193 Practice for Stitches and Seams
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions Relating to Seams:
double-stitched seam-finish, n—a finish for the raw edges of a plain seam, in which another row of machine stitching is made
through both seam allowances placed together. D1683/D1683M, D6193
grin, v—in sewn seams, to stress a seam so that the individual stitches can be seen.
needle damage, n—in sewn fabrics, the partial or complete yarn severance or fiber fusing caused by a needle passing through a
fabric during sewing.
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on Textiles and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.54 on Subassemblies.
Current edition approved June 1, 2011July 1, 2013. Published July 2011August 2013. DOI: 10.1520/D7722-11.Originally approved in 2011. Last previous edition approved
in 2011 as D7722-11. DOI: 10.1520/D7722-13.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
DISCUSSION—
This can also be referred to as needle cuts. D1908-89
seam, n—a line where two or more fabrics are joined, usually near the edge. (See also sewn seam. See Terminology D5646 for
glued seam,stapled seam, and thermally bonded seam.) D6193
seam allowance, n—in sewn fabrics, the distance from the edge of a fabric to the parallel stitch line furthest from that edge.
D1683/D1683M, D6193
seam assembly, n—the composite structure obtained when fabric(s) are joined by means of a seam. D1683/D1683M, D6193
DISCUSSION—
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7722 − 13
A seam assembly may be described in terms of fabric orientation, seam direction, seam type, stitch type, seam allowance, sewing thread tex number(s)
and type(s) stitch density, stitch gage, and rows of stitching. D1683/D1683M
seam damage, n— in sewn fabrics, an adverse change in the physical condition of one or more of the components in a seam which
would reduce the seam acceptability such as yarn slippage, needle damage, or fabric rupture. D6193
seam efficiency, n—in sewn fabrics, the ratio, expressed as a percentage, of the breaking force required to rupture a sewn seam
to that required to rupture the fabric; seam strength to fabric strength. D1683/D1683M, D6193
DISCUSSION—
For some constructions, yarn strength and stitchtype can contribute to a higher seam efficiency value. D6193
seam engineering, n—in sewn fabrics, the procedures used to select a specific combination of sewing thread, stitch type, seam
type, and stitch density to achieve the maximum sewn seam strength for a particular fabric type. D1683/D1683M
seam failure, n— in sewn fabrics, that point at which an external force (1) ruptures the sewing thread, (2) ruptures the fabric, (3)
causes excessive yarn slippage adjacent to the stitches, or (4) causes any combination of these unacceptable conditions.
D1683/D1683M
DISCUSSION—
Despite the lack of rupture, excessive seam slippage will either significantly reduce seam efficiency, or, result in an unsightly appearance thus creating
seam failure. D1683/D1683M
seam int
...
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