ASTM E2140-01(2009)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Water Penetration of Metal Roof Panel Systems by Static Water Pressure Head
Standard Test Method for Water Penetration of Metal Roof Panel Systems by Static Water Pressure Head
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is a standard procedure for determining water leakage through metal roof panel system sideseams, endlaps, and roof plane penetrations when the roof system is subjected to a specified static water pressure head.
Note 2—In applying the results of tests by this method, note that the performance of a roof or its components or both, is in part a function of proper installation and adjustment. In service, the performance will also depend on the integrity of the supporting construction, roof slope, and on the resistance of components to deterioration by various causes: corrosive atmosphere, aging, ice, vibration, thermal cycling, etc. It is difficult to simulate the identical complex wetting, aging, and other variable conditions that can be encountered in service, including wind-blown ponded water; the effects of temperature and age on sealant performance; differential pressure across the joints due to wind, snow, and ice accumulation; densification and migration; and abrasions within the joint components which may occur during thermal cycling and other weather events. Some joint conditions are more sensitive than others to these factors.
This test method will evaluate the resistance of roof panels, sideseams, endlaps, and roof plane penetrations to water submersion. It will not evaluate panel resistance to wind driven rain.
Note 3—See Test Method E1646 for a test which evaluates resistance to wind driven rain.
This test method is not a structural adequacy test.
This test method is applicable to single skin metal panels, the exterior skin of factory assembled composite panels, and the exterior skin of field assembled composite systems as long as means can be provided to distinguish leakage through the exterior panel sideseams/endlaps and perimeter leakage.
SCOPE
1.1 This laboratory test method covers the determination of the resistance to water penetration of exterior metal roof panel system sideseams, endlaps, and roof plane penetrations when a specified static water pressure head is applied to the outside face of the roof panel.
Note 1—This test method is intended to evaluate water-barrier (not water-shedding) roof system joints and details. These systems are also referred to as hydrostatic roof systems.
1.2 This test method is limited to specimens in which the sideseams and attachments are clearly visible and in which the source of leakage is readily observable.
1.3 This test method excludes performance at roof perimeter conditions.
1.4 This test method is suitable for evaluating leakage at roof plane penetrations such as fasteners, curbs, pipes, and expansion joints under a static water pressure head.
1.5 The proper use of this test method requires a knowledge of the principles of water pressure.
1.6 The text of this standard includes notes and footnotes excluding tables and figures, which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
1.7 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see Section 7.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
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Designation: E2140 − 01 (Reapproved 2009)
Standard Test Method for
Water Penetration of Metal Roof Panel Systems by Static
Water Pressure Head
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2140; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
1.1 This laboratory test method covers the determination of 2.1 ASTM Standards:
the resistance to water penetration of exterior metal roof panel E631 Terminology of Building Constructions
system sideseams, endlaps, and roof plane penetrations when a E1646 Test Method for Water Penetration of Exterior Metal
specified static water pressure head is applied to the outside Roof Panel Systems by Uniform Static Air Pressure
face of the roof panel. Difference
NOTE 1—This test method is intended to evaluate water-barrier (not
3. Terminology
water-shedding) roof system joints and details. These systems are also
referred to as hydrostatic roof systems.
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of general terms relating to
building construction used in this method, see Terminology
1.2 This test method is limited to specimens in which the
E631.
sideseams and attachments are clearly visible and in which the
source of leakage is readily observable.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 composite roof systems—roof systems consisting of an
1.3 Thistestmethodexcludesperformanceatroofperimeter
exterior metal skin and other components. Factory assembled
conditions.
composite panels consist of an exterior metal skin, insulation,
1.4 This test method is suitable for evaluating leakage at
and interior metal skin. Field assembled composite systems
roof plane penetrations such as fasteners, curbs, pipes, and
consist of exterior metal skins, underlayment, and a structural
expansion joints under a static water pressure head.
roof deck.
1.5 The proper use of this test method requires a knowledge
3.2.2 panel endlap—the connection between two in-line
of the principles of water pressure.
metal panels across the width of the panels.
1.6 The text of this standard includes notes and footnotes
3.2.3 panel sideseam—the connection between two adjacent
excluding tables and figures, which provide explanatory mate-
metal panels along the length of the panels.
rial. These notes and footnotes shall not be considered as
3.2.4 specimen—the entire assembled unit submitted for test
requirements of the standard.
as described in Section 8.
1.7 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
3.2.5 water leakage—penetration of water through the plane
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
of the innermost face of the test specimen during the test
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
period.
and are not considered standard.
3.2.6 water pressure head—the distance from the surface of
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the
the water to the lowest point or cell of the metal panel
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
specimen, measured at the locations shown in Fig. 1.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4. Summary of Test Method
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific
4.1 The test consists of sealing and fixing a test specimen to
precautionary statements, see Section 7.
ahorizontalsupportframe,locatingverticalwaterdamsaround
the perimeter of the test specimen, applying a specified static
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E06 on
PerformanceofBuildingsandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeE06.57on
Performance of Metal Roof Systems. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2009. Published January 2010. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 2001. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as E2140 – 01. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/E2140-01R09. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
E2140 − 01 (2009)
FIG. 1 Plan of Typical Three-Span Test Specimen Mounted in Chamber
water head to the outside face of the test specimen and systems as long as means can be provided to distinguish
observing for water leakage on the underside of the test leakage through the exterior panel sideseams/endlaps and
specimen. perimeter leakage.
5. Significance and Use
6. Apparatus
5.1 Thistestmethodisastandardprocedurefordetermining
6.1 This description of apparatus is general in nature and
water leakage through metal roof panel system sideseams,
any arrangement of equipment capable of performing the test
endlaps, and roof plane penetrations when the roof system is
procedure within the allowable tolerances is permitted.
subjected to a specified static water pressure head.
NOTE 4—One such alternate test apparatus arrangement consists of
NOTE 2—In applying the results of tests by this method, note that the
perimeter seals erected on top of the test specimen.
performance of a roof or its components or both, is in part a function of
6.2 Test Chamber—(See Figs. 1 and 2). A well-sealed
proper installation and adjustment. In service, the performance will also
depend on the integrity of the supporting construction, roof slope, and on
chamber or box with either an opening, a removable mounting
the resistance of components to deterioration by various causes: corrosive
panel or one open face in which or against which the specimen
atmosphere, aging, ice, vibration, thermal cycling, etc. It is difficult to
is installed and sealed. The test chamber shall be maintained in
simulate the identical complex wetting, aging, and other variable condi-
a horizontal position.
tions that can be encountered in service, including wind-blown ponded
water; the effects of temperature and age on sealant performance; 6.2.1 The test chamber shall be provided with a horizontal
differential pressure across the joints due to wind, snow, and ice
perimeter support ledge to which test specimens may be
accumulation; densification and migration; and abrasions within the joint
attached and sealed.
components which may occur during thermal cycling and other weather
6.2.2 The test specimen shall be anchored to the test
events. Some joint conditions are more sensitive than others to these
factors. chamber perimeter to adequately resist imposed test loads
without leakage or failure.
5.2 This test method will evaluate the resistance of roof
6.2.3 The test chamber shall be provided with a vertical
panels, sideseams, endlaps, and roof plane penetrations to
water dam around the perimeter of the chamber. Water dam
water submersion. It will not evaluate panel resistance to wind
shall be well sealed and of sufficient height to maintain the
driven rain.
required water pressure head.
NOTE 3—See Test Method E1646 for a test which evaluates resistance
6.2.4 A means of viewing all areas under the roof panel
to wind driven rain.
specimen shall be provided to facilitate observations for water
5.3 This test method is not a structural adequacy test.
leakage. It is important to isolate perimeter leakage from
5.4 This test method is applicable to single skin metal leakage in areas under evaluation. For fa
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