ASTM D7147-11(2018)

Standard Specification for Testing and Establishing Allowable Loads of Joist Hangers

ABSTRACT
This specification covers a procedure for evaluating metal devices used for wood-to-wood, wood-to-concrete, wood-to-concrete masonry, and wood-to-steel joist, beam, and girder connections. It describes test methods for evaluating the capacities of joist hangers subject to vertical and torsional loading. Also, this specification provides a method of assigning allowable loads to joist hangers based on measured strength and deformation characteristics. Test specimens consisting of a length of joist supported by joist hangers attached to two headers are subjected to a vertical load by a suitable testing machine, while the vertical load and corresponding deflection of the joist are measured and recorded to provide load-slip data.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers a procedure for evaluating metal devices used for wood-to-wood, wood-to-concrete, wood-to-concrete masonry, and wood-to-steel connections. This method is intended for use with devices used to connect joists, beams, and girders together. These devices are commonly described as joist hangers.  
1.2 This specification describes test methods for evaluating the capacities of joist hangers subject to vertical and torsional loading.  
1.3 This specification provides a method of assigning allowable loads to joist hangers based on measured strength and deformation characteristics. Information obtained by the provisions of this specification is applicable to design when using the Allowable Stress Design method.  
1.4 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 14-Aug-2018
• ICS: 91.190 - Building accessories
• Technical Committee: D07 - Wood
• Drafting Committee: D07.05 - Wood Assemblies

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D7147 −11 (Reapproved 2018)
Standard Specification for
Testing and Establishing Allowable Loads of Joist Hangers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7147; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Specimens in the Field
C39/C39M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylin-
1.1 This specification covers a procedure for evaluating
drical Concrete Specimens
metal devices used for wood-to-wood, wood-to-concrete,
C90 Specification for Loadbearing Concrete Masonry Units
wood-to-concrete masonry, and wood-to-steel connections.
C270 Specification for Mortar for Unit Masonry
This method is intended for use with devices used to connect
C1314 Test Method for Compressive Strength of Masonry
joists, beams, and girders together. These devices are com-
Prisms
monly described as joist hangers.
D245 Practice for Establishing Structural Grades and Re-
1.2 This specification describes test methods for evaluating
lated Allowable Properties for Visually Graded Lumber
the capacities of joist hangers subject to vertical and torsional
D9 Terminology Relating to Wood and Wood-Based Prod-
loading.
ucts
D1038 Terminology Relating to Veneer and Plywood
1.3 Thisspecificationprovidesamethodofassigningallow-
able loads to joist hangers based on measured strength and D1761 Test Methods for Mechanical Fasteners in Wood
D2395 TestMethodsforDensityandSpecificGravity(Rela-
deformation characteristics. Information obtained by the pro-
visions of this specification is applicable to design when using tive Density) of Wood and Wood-Based Materials
D3737 Practice for Establishing Allowable Properties for
the Allowable Stress Design method.
Structural Glued Laminated Timber (Glulam)
1.4 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be
D4442 Test Methods for Direct Moisture Content Measure-
regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are
ment of Wood and Wood-Based Materials
mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for
D5055 Specification for Establishing and Monitoring Struc-
information only and are not considered standard.
tural Capacities of Prefabricated Wood I-Joists
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
D5456 Specification for Evaluation of Structural Composite
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Lumber Products
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
D7438 Practice for Field Calibration and Application of
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
Hand-Held Moisture Meters
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
E8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Ma-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
terials
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
E575 Practice for Reporting Data from Structural Tests of
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
Building Constructions, Elements, Connections, and As-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
semblies
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
F606/F606M Test Methods for Determining the Mechanical
Properties of Externally and Internally Threaded
2. Referenced Documents
Fasteners, Washers, Direct Tension Indicators, and Rivets
2.1 ASTM Standards:
F1470 Practice for Fastener Sampling for Specified Me-
C31/C31M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test
chanical Properties and Performance Inspection
F1575 Test Method for Determining BendingYield Moment
of Nails
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D07 on Wood
2.2 Other Standards:
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D07.05 on Wood Assemblies.
ANSI/AWC NDS National Design Specification for Wood
Current edition approved Aug. 15, 2018. Published November 2018. Last
Construction
previous edition approved in 2011 as D7147–11. DOI: 10.1520/D7147-11R18.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available fromAmerican Wood Council (AWC), 222 Catoctin Circle SE, Suite
the ASTM website. 201, Leesburg, VA 20175.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D7147−11 (2018)
AISI S100 North American Specification for the Design of headers are subjected to a vertical load by a suitable testing
Cold-Formed Steel Structural Members machine (see Figs. 1-3), while the vertical load and corre-
ANSI/AISC 360 Specification for Structural Steel Build- sponding deflection of the joist are measured and recorded to
ings provide load-slip data.
ANSI/ASME B18.2.1–2010 Square, Hex, Heavy Hex, and 5.1.1 Loads applied vertically downward with reference to
Askew Head Bolts and Hex, Heavy Hex, Hex Flange, the intended application of the joist hanger, shall be classified
Lobed Head, and Lag Screws (Inch Series) as downward (see Fig. 1).
ACI 318/318R Building Code Requirements for Structural 5.1.2 Loads applied vertically upward with reference to the
Concrete and Commentary intended application of the joist hanger, shall be classified as
uplift (see Fig. 2).
3. Terminology
5.2 Torsional Moment Test (optional)—A test method is
3.1 The following section defines terms used in this speci-
provided in Appendix X1 for torsional moment capacity
fication. See Terminology D9 and D1038 for other terminol-
evaluation of hangers. This test consists of a joist supported by
ogy.
two joist hangers attached to headers (see Figs. X1.1 and
X1.2).The movement of the joist with respect to the headers is
3.2 Definitions:
measured and recorded to provide data for calculating angular
3.2.1 header—a member supporting a joist hanger.Aheader
rotation and load-deflection relationships.
may also be referred to as a “supporting” member.
3.2.2 joist—a bending member supported by a joist hanger.
6. Apparatus
A joist may also be referred to as a “supported” member.
6.1 Testing Machine—A testing machine that is capable of
3.2.3 joist hanger—a metal device, usually cold-formed
operationataconstantrateofmotionofthemovablecrosshead
from light-gage steel sheet or welded from steel plate, used to
or a constant rate of loading and a force-measuring device that
transfer loads from a joist to a header member or wall in
is calibrated in accordance with Practices E4.
building construction. Face-mount joist hangers contact the
side surface of the header and do not contact the top of the 6.2 Displacement Gage—All tests shall use a dial gage(s),
or equivalent, to measure the relative movement between the
header. Top-mount hangers are joist hangers that contact the
side and top surface of the header. joist and header. Devices used for this purpose shall have a
least reading of 0.001 in. (0.02 mm).
3.2.4 sawn lumber—see definition for lumber in Terminol-
ogy D9.
7. Test Materials
3.2.5 structural composite lumber (SCL)—see Specification
7.1 Wood—All wood materials shall be of structural quality
D5456.
with allowable values substantiated by accepted procedures,
3.2.6 structural glued laminated timber (glulam)—see Prac-
such as those found in Section 2. The specific gravity of the
tice D3737.
joists and headers shall be determined in accordance with Test
3.2.7 wood I-joists—see Specification D5055.
Methods D2395, and moisture content of the joists and headers
shallbedeterminedinaccordancewithTestMethodsD4442or
4. Significance and Use
Practice D7438. All specific gravities shall be reported on an
4.1 Joist hangers are used to transfer vertical loads from a
oven-dry basis in accordance with Test Methods D2395.
joist to a header in building construction. In addition to vertical
Specificgravitymeasurementstakenatmoisturecontentsother
load transfer, joist hangers may provide torsional resistance for
the ends of a joist. The performance of this connection is
influenced by a number of variables, such as the properties of
the hanger, the joist material, the header material, and the
fasteners. The test described in this specification provide for
consistency in evaluating the performance of such assembled
units.
5. Summary of Test Method
5.1 Vertical Load Test—Test specimens consisting of a
length of joist supported by joist hangers attached to two
Available from American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI), 1101 17th St., NW,
Suite 1300, Washington, DC 20036.
Available from American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC), One E.
Wacker Dr., Suite 3100, Chicago, IL 60601-2001.
Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME
International Headquarters, Two Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http://
www.asme.org.
Available from American Concrete Institute (ACI), 38800 Country Club Dr.,
Farmington Hills, MI 48331-3439, http://www.concrete.org. FIG. 1Typical Vertical Downward Test Setup
D7147−11 (2018)
parallel strand lumber, laminated veneer lumber, laminated strand lumber,
etc.) that covers multiple species, process variables, and grades. Sampling
SCL materials and components made thereof (that is, I-joist flange
materials) from the species and grade mix that conservatively addresses
the range for a given product type is one way to satisfy this requirement.
8.2 A minimum of three identical tests shall be performed
for each selected hanger condition.
9. Test Setup
9.1 Ajoisthangertestsetupshallconsistofajoistsupported
between two headers by the hanger devices to be evaluated.
9.2 Headers shall have a length sufficient to provide the
intended hanger-to-header contact for the hanger, for example,
space for nailing and bearing as applicable. The minimum
header length shall be 18 in. (457 mm). See Fig. 3.
9.3 Joist length shall be in accordance with Fig. 3.
9.3.1 Joist lengths shall be sufficient to prevent contact
FIG. 2Typical Uplift Test Setup
between joist hangers and any material other than the attached
headers and joist.Aminimum horizontal clear distance of 3 in.
(76 mm) or ⁄3 the joist depth, whichever is smaller, shall be
than oven-dry shall be adjusted to the oven-dry moisture
provided between the load transfer block and the hanger seat.
content in accordance with Appendix X1 of Test Methods
Aminimum clearance of 0.125 in. (3.18 mm) shall be provided
D2395.
between each end of the joist and abutting material, such as the
7.2 Concrete or Masonry:
adjacent header or any hanger section between the header and
7.2.1 If concrete is used, a minimum of two concrete test
the joist (see Fig. 4). Prior to loading, the 0.125 in. (3.18 mm)
cylinders shall be prepared, stored, and cured in accordance
gap shall be maintained between joist and header by providing
with Practice C31/C31M from the same batch of concrete used
blocking, or equivalent, between the ends of the headers.
in the joist hanger test specimen. Cylinders shall be tested in
9.3.2 To minimize header-joist load transfer due to friction,
accordance with Test Method C39/C39M within 24 h of the
a low friction material with a thickness no greater than 0.063
test of the joist hanger.
in. (1.6 mm) shall be inserted into the 0.125 in. (3.18 mm) gap
7.2.2 If masonry is used, the compressive strength of the
prior to loading.
masonry shall be determined by the prism test method in
9.3.3 The seat of the hanger shall be prevented from direct
accordance with Test Method C1314.
contact with the header during the test unless provisions are
7.3 Steel—Standard tensile tests of the steel from which the made to prevent the hanger seat from gouging into the header
joist hanger was produced shall be conducted in accordance orthehangerseatshallbeatorbelowthebottomoftheheader.
with Test Methods E8/E8M.
9.4 Header Supports:
7.4 Fasteners—Fasteners from the same manufacturer’s lot 9.4.1 Header supports shall provide sufficient bearing to
as were used in the joist hanger test specimen shall be sampled
prevent excessive crushing.
in accordance with Practice F1470 to determine the fastener 9.4.2 No portion of the joist hanger shall bear on any
bending yield strength. Nails and wood screws shall be tested
support other than the header during the test. This shall be
for bending yield strength in accordance with Test Method accomplished by:
F1575. Bolts shall be tested in accordance with Test Methods
9.4.2.1 Using raised supports with a minimum header over-
F606/F606M for the properties relevant to the application. hang of ⁄8 in. (3.18 mm) at the inside edges (see Figs. 1-3), or
9.4.2.2 Using headers that are deeper than the joist by an
8. Sampling
amount sufficient to ensure that neither the joist nor the hanger
contact the test bed.
8.1 Sampling shall provide for selection of representative
9.4.3 The test bed or any header supports shall not contact
testmaterialsexceptwherethetestsaredesignedtospecifically
the joist or joist hanger at any time during the test.
address use with particular grades, dimensions, wood species,
or other condition. Properties of tested materials shall be
NOTE 2—A ⁄8-in. (3.18 mm) overhang of the header beyond the inside
permitted to exceed the minimum or nominal values of those
edge of the support has historically been provided to ensure contact does
properties reported in relevant specifications for that material not occur between the joist hanger and the header support.
provided the adjustments to tested results that are addressed in
9.5 Reinforcement of joist members at the area of load
Section 13 are made. Structural composite lumber and I-joist
application shall be permitted to prevent member failure in
materials shall be chosen to represent the grade and species of
bending, shear, or compression perpendicular-to-grain at the
each product type that conservatively represent the range of
applied load, so as to produce: (1) a failure in the joist hanger,
similar products to be addressed by each test set.
(2) a failure of the fasteners between the joist hanger and the
joist, (3) a failure of the fasteners between the joist hanger and
NOTE 1—It is not uncommon for SCL manufacturers to conservatively
assign a design value for fastener performance for a product type (that is, the header member(s), or (4) a joist bearing failure at the
D7147−11 (2018)
FIG. 3Vertical Downward Test Setup
FIG. 4Required Gap When Portion of Joist Hanger Exists Betwee
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7147 − 11 D7147 − 11 (Reapproved 2018)
Standard Specification for
Testing and Establishing Allowable Loads of Joist Hangers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7147; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers a procedure for evaluating metal devices used for wood-to-wood, wood-to-concrete, wood-to-
concrete masonry, and wood-to-steel connections. This method is intended for use with devices used to connect joists, beams, and
girders together. These devices are commonly described as joist hangers.
1.2 This specification describes test methods for evaluating the capacities of joist hangers subject to vertical and torsional
loading.
1.3 This specification provides a method of assigning allowable loads to joist hangers based on measured strength and
deformation characteristics. Information obtained by the provisions of this specification is applicable to design when using the
Allowable Stress Design method.
1.4 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are
mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C31/C31M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Field
C39/C39M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens
C90 Specification for Loadbearing Concrete Masonry Units
C270 Specification for Mortar for Unit Masonry
C1314 Test Method for Compressive Strength of Masonry Prisms
D245 Practice for Establishing Structural Grades and Related Allowable Properties for Visually Graded Lumber
D9 Terminology Relating to Wood and Wood-Based Products
D1038 Terminology Relating to Veneer and Plywood
D1761 Test Methods for Mechanical Fasteners in Wood
D2395 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Relative Density) of Wood and Wood-Based Materials
D3737 Practice for Establishing Allowable Properties for Structural Glued Laminated Timber (Glulam)
D4442 Test Methods for Direct Moisture Content Measurement of Wood and Wood-Based Materials
D5055 Specification for Establishing and Monitoring Structural Capacities of Prefabricated Wood I-Joists
D5456 Specification for Evaluation of Structural Composite Lumber Products
D7438 Practice for Field Calibration and Application of Hand-Held Moisture Meters
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
E8E8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials [Metric] E0008_E0008M
E575 Practice for Reporting Data from Structural Tests of Building Constructions, Elements, Connections, and Assemblies
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D07 on Wood and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D07.05 on Wood Assemblies.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2011Aug. 15, 2018. Published November 2011November 2018. Last previous edition approved in 20052011 as D7147–05.–11. DOI:
10.1520/D7147-11.10.1520/D7147-11R18.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D7147 − 11 (2018)
F606F606/F606M Test Methods for Determining the Mechanical Properties of Externally and Internally Threaded Fasteners,
Washers, and Rivets (Metric) F0606_F0606M Direct Tension Indicators, and Rivets
F1470 Practice for Fastener Sampling for Specified Mechanical Properties and Performance Inspection
F1575 Test Method for Determining Bending Yield Moment of Nails
2.2 Other Standards:
ANSI/AF&PA NDS-2005ANSI/AWC NDS National Design Specification for Wood Construction
North American SpecificationAISI S100 North American Specification for the Design of Cold-Formed Steel Structural
Members, 2007Members
ANSI/AISC 360–10360 Specification for Structural Steel Buildings, 2010Buildings
ANSI/ASME B18.2.1–2010 Square, Hex, Heavy Hex, and Askew Head Bolts and Hex, Heavy Hex, Hex Flange, Lobed Head,
and Lag Screws (Inch Series)
ACI 318/318R-08318/318R Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete and Commentary
3. Terminology
3.1 The following section defines terms used in this specification. See Terminology D9 and D1038 for other terminology.
3.2 Definitions:
3.2.1 header—a member supporting a joist hanger. A header may also be referred to as a “supporting” member.
3.2.2 joist—a bending member supported by a joist hanger. A joist may also be referred to as a “supported” member.
3.2.3 joist hanger—a metal device, usually cold-formed from light-gage steel sheet or welded from steel plate, used to transfer
loads from a joist to a header member or wall in building construction. Face-mount joist hangers contact the side surface of the
header and do not contact the top of the header. Top-mount hangers are joist hangers that contact the side and top surface of the
header.
3.2.4 sawn lumber—see definition for lumber in Terminology D9.
3.2.5 structural composite lumber (SCL)—see Specification D5456.
3.2.6 structural glued laminated timber (glulam)—see Practice D3737.
3.2.7 wood I-joists—see Specification D5055.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 Joist hangers are used to transfer vertical loads from a joist to a header in building construction. In addition to vertical load
transfer, joist hangers may provide torsional resistance for the ends of a joist. The performance of this connection is influenced by
a number of variables, such as the properties of the hanger, the joist material, the header material, and the fasteners. The test
described in this specification provide for consistency in evaluating the performance of such assembled units.
5. Summary of Test Method
5.1 Vertical Load Test—Test specimens consisting of a length of joist supported by joist hangers attached to two headers are
subjected to a vertical load by a suitable testing machine (see Figs. 1-3), while the vertical load and corresponding deflection of
the joist are measured and recorded to provide load-slip data.
5.1.1 Loads applied vertically downward with reference to the intended application of the joist hanger, shall be classified as
downward (see Fig. 1).
5.1.2 Loads applied vertically upward with reference to the intended application of the joist hanger, shall be classified as uplift
(see Fig. 2).
5.2 Torsional Moment Test (optional)—A test method is provided in Appendix X1 for torsional moment capacity evaluation of
hangers. This test consists of a joist supported by two joist hangers attached to headers (see Figs. X1.1 and X1.2). The movement
of the joist with respect to the headers is measured and recorded to provide data for calculating angular rotation and load-deflection
relationships.
6. Apparatus
6.1 Testing Machine—A testing machine that is capable of operation at a constant rate of motion of the movable crosshead or
a constant rate of loading and a force-measuring device that is calibrated in accordance with Practices E4.
Available from American Forest and Paper Association (AF&PA), 1111 19th St., NW, Suite 800, Washington, DC 20036.Wood Council (AWC), 222 Catoctin Circle SE,
Suite 201, Leesburg, VA 20175.
Available from American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI), 1101 17th St., NW, Suite 1300, Washington, DC 20036.
Available from American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC), One E. Wacker Dr., Suite 3100, Chicago, IL 60601-2001.
Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME International Headquarters, ThreeTwo Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990,
http://www.asme.org.
Available from American Concrete Institute (ACI), 38800 Country Club Dr., Farmington Hills, MI 48331-3439, http://www.concrete.org.
D7147 − 11 (2018)
FIG. 1 Typical Vertical Downward Test Setup
FIG. 2 Typical Uplift Test Setup
6.2 Displacement Gage—All tests shall use a dial gage(s), or equivalent, to measure the relative movement between the joist
and header. Devices used for this purpose shall have a least reading of 0.001 in. (0.02 mm).
7. Test Materials
7.1 Wood—All wood materials shall be of structural quality with allowable values substantiated by accepted procedures, such
as those found in Section 2. The specific gravity and moisture content of the joists and headers shall be determined in accordance
with Test Methods D2395 and , and moisture content of the joists and headers shall be determined in accordance with Test Methods
D4442 or D7438,Practice D7438respectively. All specific gravities shall be reported on an oven-dry basis in accordance with Test
Methods D2395. Specific gravity measurements taken at moisture contents other than oven-dry shall be adjusted to the oven-dry
moisture content in accordance with Appendix X1 of Test Methods D2395.
7.2 Concrete or Masonry:
7.2.1 If concrete is used, a minimum of two concrete test cylinders shall be prepared, stored, and cured in accordance with
Practice C31/C31M from the same batch of concrete used in the joist hanger test specimen. Cylinders shall be tested in accordance
with Test Method C39/C39M within 24 h of the test of the joist hanger.
7.2.2 If masonry is used, the compressive strength of the masonry shall be determined by the prism test method in accordance
with Test Method C1314.
7.3 Steel—Standard tensile tests of the steel from which the joist hanger was produced shall be conducted in accordance with
Test Methods E8E8/E8M.
7.4 Fasteners—Fasteners from the same manufacturer’s lot as were used in the joist hanger test specimen shall be sampled in
accordance with GuidePractice F1470 to determine the fastener bending yield strength. Nails and wood screws shall be tested for
D7147 − 11 (2018)
FIG. 3 Vertical Downward Test Setup
bending yield strength in accordance with Test Method F1575. Bolts shall be tested in accordance with Test Methods
F606F606/F606M for the properties relevant to the application.
8. Sampling
8.1 Sampling shall provide for selection of representative test materials except where the tests are designed to specifically
address use with particular grades, dimensions, wood species, or other condition. Properties of tested materials shall be permitted
to exceed the minimum or nominal values of those properties reported in relevant specifications for that material provided the
adjustments to tested results that are addressed in Section 13 are made. Structural composite lumber and I-joist materials shall
be chosen to represent the grade and species of each product type that conservatively represent the range of similar products to
be addressed by each test set.
NOTE 1—It is not uncommon for SCL manufacturers to conservatively assign a design value for fastener performance for a product type (that is, parallel
strand lumber, laminated veneer lumber, laminated strand lumber, etc.) that covers multiple species, process variables, and grades. Sampling SCL
materials and components made thereof (that is, I-joist flange materials) from the species and grade mix that conservatively addresses the range for a given
product type is one way to satisfy this requirement.
8.2 A minimum of three identical tests shall be performed for each selected hanger condition.
9. Test Setup
9.1 A joist hanger test setup shall consist of a joist supported between two headers by the hanger devices to be evaluated.
9.2 Headers shall have a length sufficient to provide the intended hanger-to-header contact for the hanger, for example, space
for nailing and bearing as applicable. The minimum header length shall be 18 in. (457 mm). See Fig. 3.
9.3 Joist length shall be in accordance with Fig. 3.
9.3.1 Joist lengths shall be sufficient to prevent contact between joist hangers and any material other than the attached headers
and joist. A minimum horizontal clear distance of 3 in. (76 mm) or ⁄3 the joist depth, whichever is smaller, shall be provided
between the load transfer block and the hanger seat. A minimum clearance of 0.125 in. (3.18 mm) shall be provided between each
end of the joist and abutting material, such as the adjacent header or any hanger section between the header and the joist (see Fig.
4). Prior to loading, the 0.125 in. (3.18 mm) gap shall be maintained between joist and header by providing blocking, or equivalent,
between the ends of the headers.
9.3.2 To minimize header-joist load transfer due to friction, a low friction material with a thickness no greater than 0.063 in.
(1.6 mm) shall be inserted into the 0.125 in. (3.18 mm) gap prior to loading.
9.3.3 The seat of the hanger shall be prevented from direct contact with the header during the test unless provisions are made
to prevent the hanger seat from gouging into the header or the hanger seat shall be at or below the bottom of the header.
9.4 Header Supports:
D7147 − 11 (2018)
FIG. 4 Required Gap When Portion of Joist Hanger Exists Between Header and Joist
9.4.1 Header supports shall provide sufficient bearing to prevent excessive crushing.
9.4.2 No portion of the joist hanger shall bear on any support other than the header during the test. This shall be accomplished
by:
9.4.2.1 Using raised supports with a minimum header overhang of ⁄8 in. (3.18 mm) at the inside edges (see Figs. 1-3), or
9.4.2.2 Using headers that are deeper than the joist by an amount sufficient to ensure that neither t
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