ASTM D1990-07
(Practice)Standard Practice for Establishing Allowable Properties for Visually-Graded Dimension Lumber from In-Grade Tests of Full-Size Specimens
Standard Practice for Establishing Allowable Properties for Visually-Graded Dimension Lumber from In-Grade Tests of Full-Size Specimens
SCOPE
1.1 Due to the number of specimens involved and the number of mechanical properties to be evaluated, a methodology for evaluating the data and assigning allowable properties to both tested and untested grade/size cells is necessary. Sampling and analysis of tested cells are covered in Practice D 2915. The mechanical test methods are covered in Test Methods D 198 and D 4761. This practice covers the necessary procedures for assigning allowable stress and modulus of elasticity values to dimension lumber from In-Grade tests. The practice includes methods to permit assignment of allowable stress and modulus of elasticity values to untested sizes and grades, as well as some untested properties.
1.2 A basic assumption of the procedures used in this practice is that the samples selected and tested are representative of the entire global population being evaluated. This approach is consistent with the historical clear wood methodology of assigning an allowable property to visually-graded lumber which was representative of the entire growth range of a species or species group. Every effort shall be made to ensure the test sample is representative of population by grade and size (see 7.1.1 and 7.1.2).
1.3 This practice covers the principles and procedures for establishing allowable stress values for bending, tension parallel to grain, compression parallel to grain and modulus of elasticity values for structural design from "In-Grade" tests of full-size visually graded solid sawn dimension lumber. This practice is focused on, but is not limited to, grades which used the concepts incorporated in Practice D 245 and were developed and interpreted under American Softwood Lumber PS 20-70.
Note 1 - In the implementation of the North American In-Grade test program, allowable stress values for compression perpendicular to grain and shear parallel to grain for structural design were calculated using the procedures of Practice D 245.
1.4 This practice only covers dimension lumber.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D1990 − 07
StandardPractice for
Establishing Allowable Properties for Visually-Graded
Dimension Lumber from In-Grade Tests of Full-Size
1
Specimens
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1990; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
Visual stress-grades of lumber manufactured in North America have evolved from the procedures
of Practice D245.Allowable stress and modulus of elasticity values were determined for these grades
using the procedures of Practice D245 and the appropriate clear wood values of Practice D2555. The
clear wood values of Practice D2555 were developed from tests of small clear specimens.
Development of allowable stress and modulus of elasticity values from tests of full-size structural
lumberascommerciallyproducedandmarketedhasbecomepossiblewiththedevelopmentofsuitable
test equipment that permits rapid rates of loading to test large numbers of pieces from commercial
lumber production. These tests can be carried out at the production sites or in a laboratory.
1. Scope 1.3 This practice covers the principles and procedures for
establishing allowable stress values for bending, tension par-
1.1 Due to the number of specimens involved and the
allel to grain, compression parallel to grain and modulus of
number of mechanical properties to be evaluated, a methodol-
elasticity values for structural design from “In-Grade” tests of
ogy for evaluating the data and assigning allowable properties
full-size visually graded solid sawn dimension lumber. This
to both tested and untested grade/size cells is necessary.
practice is focused on, but is not limited to, grades which used
Sampling and analysis of tested cells are covered in Practice
the concepts incorporated in Practice D245 and were devel-
D2915. The mechanical test methods are covered in Test
oped and interpreted under American Softwood Lumber PS
Methods D198 and D4761. This practice covers the necessary
20-70.
procedures for assigning allowable stress and modulus of
NOTE 1—In the implementation of the North American In-Grade test
elasticity values to dimension lumber from In-Grade tests.The
program, allowable stress values for compression perpendicular to grain
practice includes methods to permit assignment of allowable
and shear parallel to grain for structural design were calculated using the
stress and modulus of elasticity values to untested sizes and
procedures of Practice D245.
grades, as well as some untested properties.
1.4 This practice only covers dimension lumber.
1.2 A basic assumption of the procedures used in this
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
practice is that the samples selected and tested are representa-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
tive of the entire global population being evaluated. This
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
approach is consistent with the historical clear wood method-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
ology of assigning an allowable property to visually-graded
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
lumber which was representative of the entire growth range of
aspeciesorspeciesgroup.Everyeffortshallbemadetoensure
2. Referenced Documents
the test sample is representative of population by grade and
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
size (see 7.1.1 and 7.1.2).
D9Terminology Relating to Wood and Wood-Based Prod-
ucts
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D07 on Wood and
is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D07.02 on Lumber and Engineered
2
Wood Products. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2007. Published December 2007. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
ε1
approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D1990–00(2002) . Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
DOI: 10.1520/D1990-07. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D1990 − 07
5
fir(N),andHem-Fir(N)fromCanada (1, 2, 3,and 4) .Thespecificspecies
D198Test Methods of Static Tests of Lumber in Structural
groupings, together with botanical names are given in Nomenclature
Sizes
D1165.
D245Practice for Establishing Structural Grades and Re-
3.2.3 grade quality index (GQI)—A numerical assessment
lated Allowable Properties for Visually Graded Lumber
of the char
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
e1
Designation:D1990–00 (Reapproved 2002) Designation: D 1990 – 07
Standard Practice for
Establishing Allowable Properties for Visually-Graded
Dimension Lumber from In-Grade Tests of Full-Size
1
Specimens
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1990; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
e NOTE—Ref (14) was added in September 2002.
INTRODUCTION
Visual stress-grades of lumber manufactured in North America have evolved from the procedures
ofPracticeD245.Allowablestressandmodulusofelasticityvaluesweredeterminedforthesegrades
usingtheproceduresofPracticeD245andtheappropriateclearwoodvaluesofTestMethodsD2555.
The clear wood values of Test Methods D2555 were developed from tests of small clear specimens.
Development of allowable stress and modulus of elasticity values from tests of full-size structural
lumberascommerciallyproducedandmarketedhasbecomepossiblewiththedevelopmentofsuitable
test equipment that permits rapid rates of loading to test large numbers of pieces from commercial
lumber production. These tests can be carried out at the production sites or in a laboratory.
1. Scope
1.1 Due to the number of specimens involved and the number of mechanical properties to be evaluated, a methodology for
evaluating the data and assigning allowable properties to both tested and untested grade/size cells is necessary. Sampling and
analysis of tested cells are covered in Practice D2915. The mechanical test methods are covered in Test Methods D198 and
D4761.Thispracticecoversthenecessaryproceduresforassigningallowablestressandmodulusofelasticityvaluestodimension
lumber from In-Grade tests. The practice includes methods to permit assignment of allowable stress and modulus of elasticity
values to untested sizes and grades, as well as some untested properties.
1.2 Abasic assumption of the procedures used in this practice is that the samples selected and tested are representative of the
entire global population being evaluated. This approach is consistent with the historical clear wood methodology of assigning an
allowable property to visually-graded lumber which was representative of the entire growth range of a species or species group.
Every effort shall be made to ensure the representativeness test sample is representative of the test sample. population by grade
and size (see 7.1.1 and 7.1.2).
1.3 This practice covers the principles and procedures for establishing allowable stress values for bending, tension parallel to
grain,compressionparalleltograinandmodulusofelasticityvaluesforstructuraldesignfrom“In-Grade”testsoffull-sizevisually
gradedsolidsawndimensionlumber.Thispracticeisfocusedon,butisnotlimitedto,gradeswhichusedtheconceptsincorporated
in Practice D245 and were developed and interpreted under American Softwood Lumber PS 20-70.
NOTE 1—IntheimplementationoftheNorthAmericanIn-Gradetestprogram,allowablestressvaluesforcompressionperpendiculartograinandshear
parallel to grain for structural design were calculated using the procedures of Practice D245.
1.4 This practice only covers dimension lumber.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D07 on Wood and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D7.02 on Lumber and Engineered Wood
Products.
Current edition approved April 10, 2000. Published June 2000. Originally published as D1990–91. Last previous edition D1990–97.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D07 on Wood and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D07.02 on Lumber and Engineered Wood
Products.
e1
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2007. Published December 2007. Originally approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D1990–00(2002) .
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D1990–07
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D9Terminology Relating to Wood Terminology Relating to Wood and Wood-Based Products
D198 Test Methods of
...
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