ASTM D7011-10

Standard Test Method for Determination of Trace Thiophene in Refined Benzene by Gas Chromatography and Sulfur Selective Detection

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Accurate gas chromatographic determination of trace levels of thiophene in benzene involves special analytical problems because of the difficulties of trace level analysis. These problems arise from the low concentration levels that need to be measured, the type of column and detector needed for analysis, and the potential interference from the benzene matrix.
This test method was found applicable for determining thiophene in refined benzene conforming to the specifications described in Specifications D2359, D4734, and D5871 and may be applicable toward other grades of benzene if the user has taken the necessary precautions as described in the text.
This test method was developed as an alternative technique to Test Methods D1685 and D4735.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of thiophene in refined benzene using gas chromatography and sulfur selective detection. The test method is applicable to the determination of thiophene at levels of 0.02 to 2.18 mg thiophene per kg in benzene (mg/kg) on the AED, 0.03 to 1.87 mg/kg on the PFPD, and 0.03 to 2.11 mg/kg on the SCD. The range of the test method may be extended by modifying the sample injection volume, split ratios, calibration range, or sample dilution with thiophene-free solvent.
1.2 In determining the conformance of the test results using this method to applicable specifications, results shall be rounded off in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 7.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-May-2010
• ICS: 75.160.20 - Liquid fuels
• Technical Committee: D16 - Aromatic, Industrial, Specialty and Related Chemicals
• Drafting Committee: D16.04 - Instrumental Analysis

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D7011-04 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Trace Thiophene in Refined Benzene by Gas Chromatography and Sulfur Selective Detection
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2010
• Referred By: ASTM D7124-19 - Standard Specification for Benzene for Use with Zeolite Based Catalysts
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2010
• Referred By: ASTM D2359-19 - Standard Specification for Refined Benzene-535
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2010
• Referred By: ASTM D7185-19 - Standard Specification for Low Toluene Low Dioxane (LTLD) Benzene
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2010
• Referred By: ASTM D5871-19 - Standard Specification for Benzene for Cyclohexane Feedstock
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2010
• Referred By: ASTM D4734-20 - Standard Specification for Refined Benzene-545
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2010

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D7011 – 10
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Trace Thiophene in Refined Benzene by
1
Gas Chromatography and Sulfur Selective Detection
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7011; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D4734 Specification for Refined Benzene-545
D4735 Test Method for Determination of Trace Thiophene
1.1 This test method covers the determination of thiophene
in Refined Benzene by Gas Chromatography
in refined benzene using gas chromatography and sulfur
D5871 Specification for Benzene for Cyclohexane Feed-
selective detection. The test method is applicable to the
stock
determination of thiophene at levels of 0.02 to 2.18 mg
D6809 Guide for Quality Control and Quality Assurance
thiophene per kg in benzene (mg/kg) on theAED, 0.03 to 1.87
Procedures for Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Related Ma-
mg/kg on the PFPD, and 0.03 to 2.11 mg/kg on the SCD. The
terials
range of the test method may be extended by modifying the
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
sample injection volume, split ratios, calibration range, or
Determine Conformance with Specifications
sample dilution with thiophene-free solvent.
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
1.2 In determining the conformance of the test results using
ASTM Test Methods
this method to applicable specifications, results shall be
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
rounded off in accordance with the rounding-off method of
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
Practice E29.
E1510 Practice for Installing Fused Silica Open Tubular
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
Capillary Columns in Gas Chromatographs
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
2.2 Other Document:
only.
OSHA Regulations, 29 CFR paragraphs 1910.1000 and
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4
1910.1200
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3. Summary of Test Method
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.1 The thiophene concentration in refined benzene is de-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard
termined at the sub-mg/kg to low mg/kg level using conven-
statements, see Section 7.
tional gas chromatography with a sulfur selective detector. A
2. Referenced Documents reproducible volume of sample is injected. Quantitative results
2 are obtained by the use of the external standard calibration
2.1 ASTM Standards:
technique.
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
3.2 The method allows the use of a sulfur chemilumines-
D1685 Test Method for Traces of Thiophene in Benzene by
3
cence detector, atomic emission detector, pulsed flame photo-
Spectrophotometry
metric detector, or any other sulfur selective detector provided
D2359 Specification for Refined Benzene-535
that its performance meets requirements as set forth in 5.4.As
D3437 Practice for Sampling and Handling Liquid Cyclic
sulfur compounds elute from the gas chromatographic column,
Products
they are detected and quantified. While the benzene molecule
does not contain any sulfur atoms, the possibility of matrix
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D16 on quenching and interference is a concern, especially for
Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Related Chemicals and is the direct responsibility of
thiophene determination at levels less than about 0.5 mg/kg.
Subcommittee D16.04 on Instrumental Analysis.
The column and conditions specified in Table 1 yield accept-
Current edition approved June 1, 2010. Published June 2010. Originally
able results with minimal matrix quenching and interference.
approved in 2004. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D7011 - 04. DOI:
10.1520/D7011-10.
Employing the column and conditions listed in Table 1 is not a
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
4
the ASTM website. AvailablefromU.S.GovernmentPrintingOfficeSuperintendentofDocuments,
3
Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401, http://
on www.astm.org. www.access.gpo.gov.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D7011 – 10
TA
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This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D7011–04 Designation: D7011 – 10
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Trace Thiophene in Refined Benzene by
1
Gas Chromatography and Sulfur Selective Detection
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7011; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1This test method covers the determination of thiophene in refined benzene using gas chromatography and sulfur selective
detection. The test method is applicable to the determination of thiophene at levels of 0.02 to 2 mg/kg thiophene in benzene.
1.1 This test method covers the determination of thiophene in refined benzene using gas chromatography and sulfur selective
detection.The test method is applicable to the determination of thiophene at levels of 0.02 to 2.18 mg thiophene per kg in benzene
(mg/kg) on the AED, 0.03 to 1.87 mg/kg on the PFPD, and 0.03 to 2.11 mg/kg on the SCD. The range of the test method may
be extended by modifying the sample injection volume, split ratios, calibration range, or sample dilution with thiophene-free
solvent.
1.2 In determining the conformance of the test results using this method to applicable specifications, results shall be rounded
off in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 7.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D1685 Test Method for Traces of Thiophene in Benzene by Spectrophotometry
D2359 Specification for Refined Benzene-535
D3437 Practice for Sampling and Handling Liquid Cyclic Products
D4734 Specification for Refined Benzene-545
D4735 Test Method for Determination of Trace Thiophene in Refined Benzene by Gas Chromatography
D5871 Specification for Benzene for Cyclohexane Feedstock
D6809 Guide for Quality Control and Quality Assurance Procedures for Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Related Materials
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
E1510 Practice for Installing Fused Silica Open Tubular Capillary Columns in Gas Chromatographs
2.2 Other Document:
3
OSHA Regulations, 29 CFR,CFR paragraphs 1910.1000 and 1910.1200
3. Summary of Test MethodsMethod
3.1 The thiophene concentration in refined benzene is determined at the sub-mg/kg to low mg/kg level using conventional gas
chromatography with a sulfur selective detector.Areproducible volume of sample is injected. Quantitative results are obtained by
the use of the external standard calibration technique.
3.2 The method allows the use of a sulfur chemiluminescence detector, atomic emission detector, pulsed flame photometric
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D16 onAromatic Hydrocarbons and Related Chemicals and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D16.04 on Instrumental Analysis.
Current edition approved July 1, 2004. Published July 2004. DOI: 10.1520/D7011-04.
CurrenteditionapprovedJune1,2010.PublishedJune2010.Originallyapprovedin2004.Lastpreviouseditionapprovedin2004asD7011 - 04.DOI:10.1520/D7011-10.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents, 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401, http://
www.access.gpo.gov.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

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D7011 – 10
detector, or any other sulfur selective detector provided that its performance meets requirements as s
...