ASTM D1101-97a
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Integrity of Adhesive Joints in Structural Laminated Wood Products for Exterior Use
Standard Test Methods for Integrity of Adhesive Joints in Structural Laminated Wood Products for Exterior Use
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover an accelerated means of measuring the resistance to delamination of structural laminated wood members intended for exterior service.
1.2 Two test methods are included. Choice of test method depends on purpose of the test and available time to complete.
1.2.1 Test Method A- This test requires 3 days to complete and is a method for determining the suitability of glues and manufacturing techniques and equipment for production of joints adequate for exterior service.
1.2.2 Test Method B- This test requires approximately 12 1/2 h. (If excessive delamination occurs, the cycle is repeated). It is a quality-control type test for examining glue joint quality.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:D1101–97a
Standard Test Methods for
Integrity of Adhesive Joints in Structural Laminated Wood
Products for Exterior Use
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1101; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
The integrity of adhesive joints for structural laminated wood members, such as laminated arches
and beams, should be at least equal to that of the wood. Because initial strength tests generally are not
an adequate measure of integrity of adhesive joints under severe service conditions, a test that
simulates the effects of exterior exposure has been devised to evaluate adhesive joints in structural
laminated wood members intended for this type of service.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
1.1 These test methods cover an accelerated means of 2.1 ASTM Standards:
measuring the resistance to delamination of structural lami- D 907 Terminology of Adhesives
nated wood members intended for exterior service. D 2559 Specification for Adhesives for Structural Lami-
1.2 These test methods are not intended as substitutes or nated Wood Products for Use Under Exterior (Wet Use)
replacements for the more severe test of resistance to delami- Exposure Conditions
nation in Specification D 2559, which is used to qualify
3. Terminology
adhesives for structural laminated wood products for use under
3.1 Definitions—Many terms in these test methods are
exterior (wet-use) exposure conditions under industry standard
ANSI/AITC A190.1-1992. defined in Terminology D 907.
3.1.1 glulam, n—synonym for structural-glued-laminated
1.3 Two test methods are included. Choice of test method
depends on purpose of the test and available time to complete. timber.
3.1.2 structural-glued-laminated timber, n—an engineered
1.3.1 Test Method A—This test requires 3 days to complete
andisamethodfordeterminingthesuitabilityofadhesivesand stress-rated product of a timber laminating plant comprising
assemblies of specially selected and prepared wood lamina-
manufacturing techniques and equipment for production of
joints adequate for exterior service. tions securely bonded together with adhesives, with the fol-
lowing characteristics: (1) the grain of all laminations is
1.3.2 Test Method B—This test requires approximately 12 ⁄2
h. (If excessive delamination occurs, the cycle is repeated). It approximately parallel longitudinally; and (2) the laminations
may be comprised of pieces end-joined to form any length, of
is a quality-control type test for examining adhesive joint
quality. pieces placed or glued edge-to-edge to make wider ones or of
pieces bent to curved form during gluing. (Synonym glulam)
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
ANSI/AITC A190.1-1992. American National Standard for
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
only. Wood Products, Structural Glued Laminated Timber (Edited to
conform with ASTM format)
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the 3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 laminated wood, n—the fabricated product resulting
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- from the bonding of two or more laminations, with each
lamination made from one or more pieces bonded either
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
lengthwise, edgewise, or both, and all with the direction of the
grain essentially parallel, to form a larger piece such as a
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D 14 on
structural member.
Adhesives and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D14.30 on Wood
Adhesives.
Current edition approved Sept. 10, 1997. Published May 1998. Originally
published as D 1101 – 81. Last previous edition D 1101 – 97. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.06.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D1101
4. Significance and Use completely immersed, repeat this vacuum pressure cycle mak-
ing a two-cycle impregnating period requiring a total of 2 ⁄6 h.
4.1 The test is suitable for check testing properly selected
Dry the specimens for a period of between 21 and 22 h at 64
samples from regular production or for determining the suit-
to 67°C (147 to 153°F) and a relative humidity not greater than
ability of adhesives and bonding techniques for the production
15 %, in an oven capable of maintaining 45 to 50 air changes
of joints for exterior service.
per minute when the oven is empty. During drying, place the
4.2 Vary the number of specimens taken from each member
specimens at least 50 mm (2 in.) apart with the end-grain
and the number of members selected for test depending on the
surfaces parallel to the stream of air. Repeat the entire
total number of members involved and the purpose of the tests.
soaking-drying cycle twice to comprise a total test period of 3
It is advisable, however, to include at least three specimens in
days.
the test, with the specimens selected to represent the probable
7.2 At the end of the final drying period, measure to the
range of quality of the adhesive joints.
nearest 0.05 in. (1.3 mm) the total length of open adhesive
4.3 Adhesive joints at knots and knotty areas in general are
joints(delaminationontheendgrainsurfaceofthespecimens).
not dependable under severe exposures. Disregard develop-
Do not regard failure in the wood due to checking or other
ment of delamination at knots and do not include in the
causes as delamination (see Note 1). Ignore isolated delami-
measurements or calculations.
nation less than 2.5 mm (0.10 in.) long and more than 5.1 mm
5. Apparatus
(0.20 in.) away from the nearest delamination.
5.1 Autoclave—An autoclave or similar pressure vessel
NOTE 1—Delaminationisatermusedtoexpressseparationofthewood
designed to safely withstand pressures of at least 517 kPa (75
surfaces at the
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