iTeh StandardsiTeh Standards
EURUSD
Your shopping cart is empty.
ASTM

ASTM E642-91(2002)

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Determining Application Rates and Distribution Patterns from Aerial Application Equipment

Standard Practice for Determining Application Rates and Distribution Patterns from Aerial Application Equipment

ABSTRACT
This practice covers uniform procedures for determining and reporting application rates and distribution patterns from agricultural aircraft. The procedures covered deal with both fixed and rotary-wing aircraft equipped with either liquid or dry material distribution systems. The physical characteristics of the liquid or dry material have an effect on the application rate and the distribution patterns. If inert test solutions for materials are substituted for the materials to be applied, they shall have physical characteristics similar to those of the material to be applied. If toxic materials are used in the tests, all safety precautions prescribed. A complete procedure shall consist of five parts: the first part is the determination of the output rate from the aircraft system, the second part involves the determination of the swath distribution pattern by recovery of the applied materials from suitable collectors, the third part covers the determination of usable swath width for field applications, the fourth part discusses the determination of the rate of application of the spray mixture or dry material, and the fifth and last part is the determination of the uniformity of distribution of several swaths.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers uniform procedures for determining and reporting application rates and distribution patterns from agricultural aircraft. This practice should not be used for making biological performance tests.
1.2 The procedures covered deal with both fixed and rotary-wing aircraft equipped with either liquid or dry material distribution systems.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Oct-2002
ICS
65.060.40 - Plant care equipment
Technical Committee
E35 - Pesticides, Antimicrobials, and Alternative Control Agents
Drafting Committee
E35.22 - Pesticide Formulations and Delivery Systems
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM E642-91(1997)e1 - Standard Practice for Determining Application Rates and Distribution Patterns from Aerial Application Equipment
Effective Date
10-Oct-2002
Replaced By
ASTM E642-91(2008) - Standard Practice for Determining Application Rates and Distribution Patterns from Aerial Application Equipment
Effective Date
01-Oct-2008
Referred By
ASTM F1738-23 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Deposition of Aerially Applied Oil Spill Dispersants
Effective Date
10-Oct-2002

Buy Standard

ASTM E642-91(2002) - Standard Practice for Determining Application Rates and Distribution Patterns from Aerial Application EquipmentASTM E642-91(2002) - Standard Practice for Determining Application Rates and Distribution Patterns from Aerial Application Equipment
PreviousNext
Standard
ASTM E642-91(2002) - Standard Practice for Determining Application Rates and Distribution Patterns from Aerial Application Equipment
English language
5 pages
sale 15% off
Preview
sale 15% off
Preview

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:E642–91(Reapproved 2002)
Standard Practice for
Determining Application Rates and Distribution Patterns
1
from Aerial Application Equipment
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 642; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope by the manufacturer and governmental authority for handling,
loading, application, and disposal of toxic materials shall be
1.1 Thispracticecoversuniformproceduresfordetermining
observed.
and reporting application rates and distribution patterns from
3.2 Pattern tests shall be conducted, with wind speeds not
agricultural aircraft. This practice should not be used for
exceeding 16 km/h (10 mph), measured 2.5 m (8.2 ft) above
making biological performance tests.
the land surface or crop canopy. If wind occurs, flights shall be
1.2 The procedures covered deal with both fixed and rotary-
made both into and with the wind to minimize the effects of
wing aircraft equipped with either liquid or dry material
wind velocity on ground speed. Flights shall be made parallel
distribution systems.
to or within 20° of the direction of the wind to minimize errors
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
due to crosswinds.These restrictions do not apply to the output
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
rate tests.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4. Procedure
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.1 A complete procedure shall consist of five parts:
2. Referenced Documents 4.1.1 Determination of the output rate from the aircraft
2
system.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.1.2 Determination of the swath distribution pattern by
E 726 Test Method for Particle Size Distribution of Granu-
recovery of the applied materials from suitable collectors.
lar Carriers and Granular Pesticides
4.1.3 Determination of usable swath width for field appli-
2.2 ASAE Standard:
cations.
ASAE S327.1 Terminology and Definitions forAgricultural
3
4.1.4 Determination of the rate of application of the spray
Chemical Application
mixture or dry material, and
3. Test Conditions
4.1.5 Determination of the uniformity of distribution of
several swaths.
3.1 The physical characteristics of the liquid or dry material
4.2 Output Rate Determination:
have an effect on the application rate and the distribution
4.2.1 Liquid Materials—Determine the output rate by the
patterns. If inert test solutions for materials are substituted for
amount of liquid discharged from the tank for a measured time
the materials to be applied, they shall have physical character-
interval while the aircraft is in flight under normal conditions.
istics similar to those of the material to be applied. If toxic
The time interval shall be sufficient to permit accurate mea-
materials are used in the tests, all safety precautions prescribed
surement of liquid discharged and to minimize errors due to
turning the system on and off. Run the system for at least 30 s
1
and measure to the nearest 0.5 s. Measure the amount of liquid
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E35 on Pesticides
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E35.22 on Pesticide Formulations
used by either refilling the tank to the initial level or by
and Delivery Systems.
measuring the amount remaining in the tank and subtracting
Current edition approved Oct. 10, 2002. Published March 2003. Originally
e1 from the initial amount. Measurement precision shall be 62%
approved in 1978. Last previous edition approved in 1997 as E 642 – 91 (1997) .
2
of the amount discharged in the test. If the liquid dispersal
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
system can be operated with the aircraft stationary, the test can
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
be accomplished without actually flying the aircraft. Report
the ASTM website.
3
output rate in litres per minute (gallons per minute), and note
AvailablefromAmericanSocietyofAgriculturalEngineers,2950NilesRd.,St.
Joseph, MI 49085. the nozzle (boom) pressure.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E642–91 (2002)
4.2.2 Dry Materials—If venturi distributors are used, deter- 4.3.3.5 Qualitative Spray Distribution Pattern
mine the output rate by measuring the amount of material Measurement—A qualit
...

Questions, Comments and Discussion

Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.

This May Also Interest You

ASTM
ASTM E549-87(2022)(Guide)
Standard Guide for Preparing Field Sprayer Calibration Procedures

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
2.1 This guide provides information on the calibration of boom-type field sprayers used for broadcast, band, or row applications. It is easily adapted to boomless and air-carrier type sprayers for broadcast applications and to rotary atomizers such as spinning disks. A single calibration procedure that is applicable in all situations is not feasible because of the nature of the variables involved in pesticide application. Electronic controllers and other aids should be calibrated by one of these methods.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide is for those who prepare field sprayer calibration procedures. The purpose is to encourage methods that will improve uniformity, accuracy, and safety of pesticide application with field sprayers.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  For specific hazard statements see Section 4.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Guide
    3 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM E550-87(2019)(Guide)
Standard Guide for Preparing Granular Pesticide Ground Applicator Calibration Procedures

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
2.1 This guide covers the calibration of row, band, and broadcast applicators. Attainment of accurate and more uniform application can reduce the quantity of active ingredient required for a given degree of control, thus improving environmental quality and safety at a more economical cost. A single-calibration procedure applicable in all situations is not feasible because of the nature of the variables involved in chemical applications.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide is for those who prepare granular pesticide ground applicator calibration procedures. The purpose is to encourage methods that will improve uniformity and accuracy of application with granular applicators.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements see Section 4.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Guide
    2 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM E642-19(Practice)
Standard Practice for Determining Application Rates and Distribution Patterns from Aerial Application Equipment

ABSTRACT
This practice covers uniform procedures for determining and reporting application rates and distribution patterns from agricultural aircraft. The procedures covered deal with both fixed and rotary-wing aircraft equipped with either liquid or dry material distribution systems. The physical characteristics of the liquid or dry material have an effect on the application rate and the distribution patterns. If inert test solutions for materials are substituted for the materials to be applied, they shall have physical characteristics similar to those of the material to be applied. If toxic materials are used in the tests, all safety precautions prescribed. A complete procedure shall consist of five parts: the first part is the determination of the output rate from the aircraft system, the second part involves the determination of the swath distribution pattern by recovery of the applied materials from suitable collectors, the third part covers the determination of usable swath width for field applications, the fourth part discusses the determination of the rate of application of the spray mixture or dry material, and the fifth and last part is the determination of the uniformity of distribution of several swaths.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers uniform procedures for determining and reporting application rates and distribution patterns from agricultural aircraft. This practice should not be used for making biological performance tests.  
1.2 The procedures covered deal with both fixed and rotary-wing aircraft equipped with either liquid or dry material distribution systems.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    5 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    5 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM E549-87(2022)(Guide)
Standard Guide for Preparing Field Sprayer Calibration Procedures

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
2.1 This guide provides information on the calibration of boom-type field sprayers used for broadcast, band, or row applications. It is easily adapted to boomless and air-carrier type sprayers for broadcast applications and to rotary atomizers such as spinning disks. A single calibration procedure that is applicable in all situations is not feasible because of the nature of the variables involved in pesticide application. Electronic controllers and other aids should be calibrated by one of these methods.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide is for those who prepare field sprayer calibration procedures. The purpose is to encourage methods that will improve uniformity, accuracy, and safety of pesticide application with field sprayers.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  For specific hazard statements see Section 4.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Guide
    3 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM E550-87(2019)(Guide)
Standard Guide for Preparing Granular Pesticide Ground Applicator Calibration Procedures

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
2.1 This guide covers the calibration of row, band, and broadcast applicators. Attainment of accurate and more uniform application can reduce the quantity of active ingredient required for a given degree of control, thus improving environmental quality and safety at a more economical cost. A single-calibration procedure applicable in all situations is not feasible because of the nature of the variables involved in chemical applications.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide is for those who prepare granular pesticide ground applicator calibration procedures. The purpose is to encourage methods that will improve uniformity and accuracy of application with granular applicators.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements see Section 4.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Guide
    2 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM E642-19(Practice)
Standard Practice for Determining Application Rates and Distribution Patterns from Aerial Application Equipment

ABSTRACT
This practice covers uniform procedures for determining and reporting application rates and distribution patterns from agricultural aircraft. The procedures covered deal with both fixed and rotary-wing aircraft equipped with either liquid or dry material distribution systems. The physical characteristics of the liquid or dry material have an effect on the application rate and the distribution patterns. If inert test solutions for materials are substituted for the materials to be applied, they shall have physical characteristics similar to those of the material to be applied. If toxic materials are used in the tests, all safety precautions prescribed. A complete procedure shall consist of five parts: the first part is the determination of the output rate from the aircraft system, the second part involves the determination of the swath distribution pattern by recovery of the applied materials from suitable collectors, the third part covers the determination of usable swath width for field applications, the fourth part discusses the determination of the rate of application of the spray mixture or dry material, and the fifth and last part is the determination of the uniformity of distribution of several swaths.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers uniform procedures for determining and reporting application rates and distribution patterns from agricultural aircraft. This practice should not be used for making biological performance tests.  
1.2 The procedures covered deal with both fixed and rotary-wing aircraft equipped with either liquid or dry material distribution systems.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    5 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    5 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM F1210-23(Guide)
Standard Guide for Ecological Considerations for the Use of Oil Spill Dispersants in Freshwater and Other Inland Environments, Lakes and Large Water Bodies

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This guide is meant to aid response teams who may use it during spill response planning and spill events.  
3.2 This guide should be adapted to site specific circumstance.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers the use of oil spill dispersants to assist in the control of oil spills. The guide is written with the goal of minimizing the environmental impacts of oil spills; this goal is the basis on which the recommendations are made. Aesthetic and socioeconomic factors are not considered, although these and other factors are often important in spill response.  
1.2 Spill responders have available several means to control or clean up spilled oil. Chemical dispersants should be given equal consideration with other spill countermeasures.  
1.3 This is a general guide only. Oil, as used in this guide, includes crude oils and refined petroleum products. Differences between individual dispersants or between different oil products are not considered. The dispersibility of the oil with the chosen dispersant should be evaluated.  
1.4 The guide is organized by habitat type, for example, small ponds and lakes, rivers and streams, and land. It considers the use of dispersants primarily to protect habitats from impact (or to minimize impacts).  
1.5 This guide applies only to freshwater and other inland environments. It does not consider the direct application of dispersants to subsurface waters.  
1.6 In making dispersant use decisions, appropriate government authorities should be consulted as required by law.  
1.7 This guide does not address getting regulatory approval.  
1.8 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Guide
    3 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Guide
    3 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM C596-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Drying Shrinkage of Mortar Containing Hydraulic Cement

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method establishes a selected set of conditions of temperature, relative humidity and rate of evaporation of the environment to which a mortar specimen of stated composition shall be subjected for a specified period of time during which its change in length is determined and designated “drying shrinkage.”  
4.2 The drying shrinkage of mortar as determined by this test method has a linear relation to the drying shrinkage of concrete made with the same cement and exposed to the same drying conditions.4 Hence this test method may be used when it is desired to develop data on the effect of a hydraulic cement on the drying shrinkage of concrete made with that cement.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method determines the change in length on drying of mortar bars containing hydraulic cement and graded standard sand.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. When combined standards are referenced, the selection of measurement system is at the user’s discretion subject to the requirements of the referenced standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure).2  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    4 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    4 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D1751-23(Specification)
Standard Specification for Preformed Expansion Joint Filler for Concrete Paving and Structural Construction (Nonextruding and Resilient Asphalt Types)

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers preformed expansion joint filler having relatively little extrusion and substantial recovery after release from compression.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
Note 1: Attention is called to Specifications D1752 and D994/D994M.  
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Technical specification
    2 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Technical specification
    2 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM B637-23(Specification)
Standard Specification for Precipitation-Hardening and Cold Worked Nickel Alloy Bars, Forgings, and Forging Stock for Moderate or High Temperature Service

ABSTRACT
This specification covers hot- and cold-worked precipitation-hardenable nickel alloy rod, bar, forgings, and forging stock for high-temperature service. Chemical analysis shall be performed on the alloy and shall conform to the chemical composition requirement in carbon, manganese, silicon, phosphorus, sulfur, chromium, cobalt, molybdenum, columbium, tantalum, titanium, aluminum, zirconium, boron, iron, copper, and nickel. The material shall follow recommended annealing treatment, solution treatment, stabilizing treatment, and precipitation hardening treatment. Tension testing, hardness testing and stress-rupture testing shall be performed on the material and shall comply to the required tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, reduction in area, and Brinell hardness.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification2 covers hot- and cold-worked precipitation-hardenable nickel alloy rod, bar, forgings, and forging stock for moderate or high temperature service (Table 1).  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to become familiar with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for this product/material as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Technical specification
    7 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Technical specification
    7 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off