ASTM D4289-21
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Elastomer Compatibility of Lubricating Greases and Fluids
Standard Test Method for Elastomer Compatibility of Lubricating Greases and Fluids
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Measurement of the changes in the volume and hardness of an elastomer that occur from immersion in a lubricating grease or fluid provides a means for evaluating relative compatibility. Much of this test method was derived from procedures described in Test Method D471 and Federal Test Method 791C/3603.5. In contrast to these two test methods, which emphasize the evaluation of rubber and rubber-like compounds, Test Method D4289 was developed specifically to evaluate lubricating greases and fluids, especially those used in automotive applications, although the test method can be applied to lubricants used in industrial applications as well. Excepting the Shore Durometer A, this test method requires no specialized, rubber-testing equipment. Virtually all other equipment and supplies specified in the procedure are stock items in lubricants laboratories.
5.2 The volume and hardness-change values determined by this test method do not duplicate similar changes that occur in elastomeric seals under actual service conditions. However, they can be correlated in many instances. In one such instance, the volume-change values determined by the antecedent of this test method correlated (r2 = 0.99) with those that occurred during a vehicle test.6 Because of wide variations in service conditions and differences in grease and elastomer formulations, correlations between the results obtained with this test method and particular applications should be determined on an individual basis.
5.3 With specifications requiring elastomers other than Reference Elastomers AMS 3217/2C or AMS 3217/3B, coupons cut from standard sheets (Practice D3182) should be used. When the preparation of such coupons is not feasible, or the lubricant specification requires the use of rubber products that do not have a suitable size or configuration for use in preparing coupons for testing (Practice D3183), this test method can be used as a guide for evaluating compatibility.
Note 5: Inasmuch as the pr...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method evaluates the compatibility of lubricating greases and fluids with coupons cut from standard elastomer sheets (Practice D3182). Compatibility is evaluated by determining the changes in volume and Durometer A hardness that occur when elastomer coupons are totally immersed in a lubricant sample for 70 h or for a duration as required by the lubricant specification at either 100 °C or 150 °C or at a test temperature as required by the lubricant specification.
1.1.1 Some lubricant specifications may require different elastomers or test conditions, such as longer durations or lower or higher temperatures. In such instances, the repeatability and reproducibility values stated in Section 12 do not apply, and the user and supplier should agree on acceptable limits of precision.
Note 1: The scope of this test method now includes the evaluation of the elastomer compatibility of both lubricating fluids and greases. Testing of fluids was not included in Test Method D4289–95 and earlier versions.
1.2 This test method can also be used as a guide to evaluate the compatibility of greases with rubber products not in standard sheet form (Practice D3183).
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3.1 Exception—When listed, Durometer A units shall be regarded as the standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see 8.4 – 8.6.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of Internation...
General Information
Buy Standard
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D4289 − 21
Standard Test Method for
1
Elastomer Compatibility of Lubricating Greases and Fluids
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4289; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
1.1 This test method evaluates the compatibility of lubricat-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
ing greases and fluids with coupons cut from standard elasto-
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
mer sheets (Practice D3182). Compatibility is evaluated by
determining the changes in volume and DurometerAhardness
2. Referenced Documents
that occur when elastomer coupons are totally immersed in a
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
lubricant sample for 70h or for a duration as required by the
D217Test Methods for Cone Penetration of Lubricating
lubricant specification at either 100°C or 150°C or at a test
Grease
temperature as required by the lubricant specification.
D297Test Methods for Rubber Products—ChemicalAnaly-
1.1.1 Some lubricant specifications may require different
sis
elastomersortestconditions,suchaslongerdurationsorlower
D412TestMethodsforVulcanizedRubberandThermoplas-
or higher temperatures. In such instances, the repeatability and
tic Elastomers—Tension
reproducibilityvaluesstatedinSection12donotapply,andthe
D471Test Method for Rubber Property—Effect of Liquids
user and supplier should agree on acceptable limits of preci-
D1193Specification for Reagent Water
sion.
D2240TestMethodforRubberProperty—DurometerHard-
NOTE 1—The scope of this test method now includes the evaluation of
ness
the elastomer compatibility of both lubricating fluids and greases.Testing
D3182PracticeforRubber—Materials,Equipment,andPro-
of fluids was not included inTest Method D4289–95 and earlier versions.
cedures for Mixing Standard Compounds and Preparing
1.2 This test method can also be used as a guide to evaluate
Standard Vulcanized Sheets
the compatibility of greases with rubber products not in
D3183Practice for Rubber—Preparation of Pieces for Test
standard sheet form (Practice D3183).
Purposes from Products
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
D4175Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
Fuels, and Lubricants
standard.
D4950Classification and Specification for Automotive Ser-
1.3.1 Exception—When listed, Durometer A units shall be
vice Greases
regarded as the standard.
3
2.2 Federal Standards:
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
FederalTest Method Standard791C,Method3603.5, Swell-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
ing of Synthetic Rubbers
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4
2.3 U.S. Air Force Specifications:
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
USAF-539 Specification Bulletin for Standard Elastomer
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Stocks
For specific warning statements, see 8.4 – 8.6.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of the ASTM website.
3
Subcommittee D02.G0.01 on Chemical and General Laboratory Tests. Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4, Section D,
Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2021. Published January 2022. Originally 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.
4
approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 2019 as D4289–19. DOI: USAF-539isobsolete,butreproductionshavebeenfiledatASTMInternational
10.1520/D4289-21. Headquarters and may be obtained by requesting Research Report RR:D02-1165.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ------------
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D4289 − 19 D4289 − 21
Standard Test Method for
1
Elastomer Compatibility of Lubricating Greases and Fluids
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4289; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method evaluates the compatibility of lubricating greases and fluids with coupons cut from standard elastomer sheets
(Practice D3182) or, optionally, from SAE Specification AMS 3217/2C (NBR-L) and AMS 3217/3B (CR) sheets. ). Compatibility
is evaluated by determining the changes in volume and Durometer A hardness that occur when elastomer coupons are totally
immersed in a lubricant sample for 70 h or for a duration as required by the lubricant specification at either 100 °C or 150 °C or
at a test temperature as required by the lubricant specification.
1.1.1 Some lubricant specifications may require different elastomers or test conditions, such as longer durations or lower or higher
temperatures. In such instances, the repeatability and reproducibility values stated in Section 12 do not apply, and the user and
supplier should agree on acceptable limits of precision.
NOTE 1—The scope of this test method now includes the evaluation of the elastomer compatibility of both lubricating fluids and greases. Testing of fluids
was not included in Test Method D4289–95 and earlier versions.
1.2 This test method can also be used as a guide to evaluate the compatibility of greases with rubber products not in standard sheet
form (Practice D3183).
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3.1 Exception—When listed, Durometer A units shall be regarded as the standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see 8.4 – 8.6.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.G0.01 on Chemical and General Laboratory Tests.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2019Dec. 15, 2021. Published December 2019January 2022. Originally approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 20142019
ɛ1
as D4289 – 13 (2014)D4289 – 19. . DOI: 10.1520/D4289-19.10.1520/D4289-21.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4289 − 21
D217 Test Methods for Cone Penetration of Lubricating Grease
D297 Test Methods for Rubber Products—Chemical Analysis
D412 Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermoplastic Elastomers—Tension
D471 Test Method for Rubber Property—Effect of Liquids
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D2240 Test Method for Rubber Property—Durometer Hardness
D3182 Practice for Rubber—Materials, Equipment, and Procedures for Mixing Standard Compounds and Preparing Standard
Vulcanized Sheets
D3183 Practice for Rubber—Preparation of Pieces for Test Purposes from Products
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
D4950 Classification and Specification for Automotive Service Greases
3
2.2 Federal Standards:
Federal Test Method Standard 791C, Method 3603.5, Swelling of Synthetic Rubbers
4
2.3 U.S. Air Force Specificat
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.