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ASTM B418-95a(2000)e1

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Cast and Wrought Galvanic Zinc Anodes

Standard Specification for Cast and Wrought Galvanic Zinc Anodes

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers cast and wrought galvanic zinc anodes for the cathodic protection of more noble metals and alloys in sea water, brackish water, or other saline electrolytes. Type I anodes are most commonly used for such applications. The Type I anode composition in this specification meets the chemical composition requirements of MIL-A-18001J.
1.2 Zinc anodes conforming to this specification may be used in other waters, electrolytes, backfills, and soils where experience has shown that the specified composition is efficient and reliable. Type II anodes are most commonly used for such applications.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to become familiar with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate Material Data Sheet for this product/material as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety and health practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Nov-2001
ICS
25.220.01 - Surface treatment and coating in general
Technical Committee
B02 - Nonferrous Metals and Alloys
Drafting Committee
B02.04 - Zinc and Cadmium
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM B418-01 - Standard Specification for Cast and Wrought Galvanic Zinc Anodes
Effective Date
10-Nov-2001
Referred By
ASTM B949-23 - Standard Specification for General Requirements for Zinc and Zinc Alloy Products
Effective Date
10-Nov-2001

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ASTM B418-95a(2000)e1 - Standard Specification for Cast and Wrought Galvanic Zinc AnodesASTM B418-95a(2000)e1 - Standard Specification for Cast and Wrought Galvanic Zinc Anodes
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ASTM B418-95a(2000)e1 - Standard Specification for Cast and Wrought Galvanic Zinc Anodes
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
e1
Designation: B 418 – 95a (Reapproved 2000) An American National Standard
Standard Specification for
Cast and Wrought Galvanic Zinc Anodes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 418; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
e NOTE—The caveat in section 1.4 and Termionology section 3.1 were added editorially in December 2000.
1. Scope 2.2 Military Standard:
MIL-A-18001J Military Specification Anodes, Corrosion
1.1 This specification covers cast and wrought galvanic zinc
Preventative, Zinc, Slab Disc, and Rod Shaped
anodes for the cathodic protection of more noble metals and
alloys in sea water, brackish water, or other saline electrolytes.
3. Terminology
Type I anodes are most commonly used for such applications.
3.1 Terms shall be defined in accordance with Terminology
The Type I anode composition in this specification meets the
B 899.
chemical composition requirements of MIL-A-18001J.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1.2 Zinc anodes conforming to this specification may be
3.2.1 cathodic protection—reduction of corrosion by mak-
used in other waters, electrolytes, backfills, and soils where
ing the protected metal the cathode in a conducting medium by
experience has shown that the specified composition is efficient
applying direct current.
and reliable. Type II anodes are most commonly used for such
3.2.2 galvanic anode—a metal electrode that sacrificially
applications.
corrodes when coupled to a more noble metal in a conducting
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
medium, and thereby supplies a protective electric current to
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for
the noble electrode.
information only.
3.2.3 saline electrolyte—a solution consisting of mainly the
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
chlorides of the alkali metals.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to become familiar
4. Ordering Information
with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate
4.1 Orders for anodes under this specification shall include
Material Data Sheet for this product/material as provided by
the following information:
the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety and health
4.1.1 ASTM designation and year of issue,
practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limi-
4.1.2 Type of anode material (see Table 1),
tations prior to use.
4.1.3 Quantity in pounds,
4.1.4 Number of anodes,
2. Referenced Documents
4.1.5 Size of anode and whether contains rod insert and if
2.1 ASTM Standards:
2 so, type of insert and whether contains bolt hole and if so,
B 6 Specification for Zinc
whether threaded.
B 899 Terminology Relating to Non-ferrous Metals and
2 4.1.6 Whether marking for identification is required includ-
Alloys
ing the marking patterns, if required, and
E 29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
3 4.1.7 Whether certification is required.
Determine Conformance With Specifications
E 527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS)
5. Chemical Composition
E 536 Test Method for Chemical Analysis of Zinc and Zinc
5 5.1 The anode shall be made from Special High Grade zinc
Alloys
conforming to Specification B 6, with suitable alloying addi-
tions for Type I anodes. Composition of the anode alloy content
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B02 on
shall conform to the limits prescribed in Table 1.
Nonferrous Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
5.2 Evidence from laboratory tests shows that Type I
B02.04 on Zinc and Cadmium.
Current edition approved Oct. 10, 1995. Published December 1995. Originally composition may suffer intergranular corrosion. Susceptibility
published as B 418 – 64 T. Last previous edition B 418 – 95.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.04.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
4 6
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.01. Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D, 700
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.06. Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
B 418
A
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
Iron, Lead, Copper, Others,
C
Zinc ,
B
Type (UNS) Aluminum, % Cadmium, % max, max, max, Total,
%
% % % %
Type I (Z32120) 0.1–0.5 0.025–0.07 0.005 0.006 0.005 0.1 remainder
Type II (Z13000) 0.005 max 0.003 max 0.0014 0.003 0.002 . remainder
A
The following applies to all specified limits in this table: For purposes of determining conformance with this specification, the observed value or calculated value obtained
from analysis shall be rounded off to the nearest unit in the last right hand place of figures used in expressing the specified limit, in accordance with the rounding method
of Practice E 29.
B
UNS designations were established in accordance with Practice E 527.
C
Determined arithmetically by difference.
to intergranular corrosion increases with increasing tempera- melt. The minimum number of anodes to be sampled shall be
ture and is particularly severe above approximately 120°F as specified in Table 3.
(50°C). Intergranular corrosion can be avoided (at tempera- 9.1.2 Taking Sample for Chemi
...

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ABSTRACT
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1.1 This specification covers cast and wrought galvanic zinc anodes used for the cathodic protection of more noble metals and alloys in sea water, brackish water, other saline electrolytes, or other corrosive environments.  
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4.1 The present trend in environmental testing of materials with electrically conductive surfaces is to produce, under accelerated laboratory conditions, corrosion and film-forming reactions that are similar to those that cause failures in service environments. In many of these procedures the parts under test are exposed for days or weeks to controlled quantities of both water vapor and pollutant gases, which may be present in extremely dilute concentrations.
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1.1 This test method covers procedures and equipment for determining the relative buildup of corrosion and tarnish films (including oxides) on metal surfaces by the constant-current coulometric technique, also known as the cathodic reduction method.  
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1.3 This test method may also be used to evaluate test samples that have been exposed to indoor industrial locations or other specific application environments. (See 4.6 for limitations.)  
1.4 This test method has been demonstrated to be applicable particularly to copper and silver test samples (see  (1)).2 Other metals require further study to prove their applicability within the scope of this test method.  
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Standard Practice for Clearance Examinations Following Lead Hazard Reduction Activities in Single Family Dwellings, in Individual Units of Multifamily Dwellings, and in Other Child-Occupied Facilities

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4.1 A clearance examination of abatement areas and other areas associated with other lead-hazard control activities, or building maintenance or modification activities in single-family detached dwellings, individual units in multifamily dwellings, common areas or exterior sites, and child-occupied facilities is performed to determine that the clearance area is adequately safe for reoccupancy.  
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4.3 This practice is one of a set of standards developed for lead hazard management activities. The visual assessment procedures required in this practice are found in Practice E2255/E2255M and the record keeping requirements are found in Practice E2239.  
4.4 Although this practice was primarily developed for dwellings and for other child-occupied facilities, this practice may be also applied to nonresidential buildings and related structures by agreement between the client and the individual conducting the clearance examination.  
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1.1 This practice covers visual assessment for the presence of deteriorated paint, surface dust, painted debris, and paint chips with environmental sampling of surface dust to determine whether a lead hazard exists at the time of sample collection, following lead-hazard reduction activities, or other building maintenance and modification activities.  
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1.3 This practice also addresses clearance examinations that may include soil sampling, for example when soil abatement has been performed.  
1.4 This practice includes a procedure for determining whether regulatory requirements for lead clearance levels for dust and, where warranted, soil have been met, and consequently, whether a clearance area passes or fails a clearance examination.
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1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
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4.1 An important aspect of the appearance of glossy coating surfaces is the distinctness (clarity) of images reflected by them. The values obtained in this measuring procedure correlate well with visual ratings for DOI (image clarity).  
4.2 Although Test Methods D523 and D4039 are useful in characterizing some aspects of glossy appearance, they do not provide satisfactory ratings for DOI (image clarity).  
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1.1 This test method covers the determination of the percent volume nonvolatile matter of a variety of clear and pigmented coatings. The approach used should provide faster and more accurate results than the use of the liquid displacement technique in Test Method D2697, particularly for coatings that are difficult to wet or that contain voids, cracks or other defects. The improvement in accuracy stems from the superior ability of helium gas under pressure to penetrate very small pores and surface irregularities in dried films. This provides a more accurate determination of void volumes than can be obtained via liquid displacement.  
1.2 The technique will provide results under the following constraints:  
1.2.1 The stability of the helium gas pycnometer is greater than ±0.005 cm3.  
1.2.2 Test specimen weights are greater than 1 g.  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Coatings, to perform satisfactorily, must adhere to the substrates on which they are applied. This test method has been found useful as a simple means of assessing the adhesion of coatings. Although this method is a qualitative (subjective) test it has been used in industry for many years and can provide valuable information.  
4.2 Other adhesion test methods may be useful in obtaining quantitative results. See Test Methods D2197, D3359, D4541, and D7234.  
4.3 The Performance Evaluation Scale (see Table 1) is based on both the degree of difficulty to remove the coating from the substrate and the size of removed coating chip.  
4.4 This test method does not have a known correlation to other adhesion test methods (pull-off, tape, etc.).  
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1.1 This test method covers the procedure for assessing the adhesion of coating films to substrate by using a knife.  
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Note 1: The term “substrate” relates to the basic surface on which a coating adheres (may be steel, concrete, etc. or other coating).  
1.3 This method can be used in the laboratory and field.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
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This specification provides the requirements for light source products intended for excitation of fluorescent materials used as a system for detection of defects in industrial coatings. This includes the examination of both longer wavelength fluorescing primer coatings as well as non-fluorescent top coatings. Also, this specification establishes the radiometric requirements of the light source product in terms of required wavelength range and minimum irradiance. Safety requirements shall be established for the light source product necessary to ensure the product will not pose a threat to visual health. Irradiance test method shall be performed to conform to the specified requirements, in accordance to the test method.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Light source products conforming to this specification are intended to be used in conjunction with coatings specially formulated with fluorescent colorants as a system for the visual detection of defects in industrial protective coatings.  
4.2 Visible fluorescence from the coating enhances the contrast of coating irregularities and defects and is produced by excitation of visible-activated fluorescent colorants in the coating.  
4.3 Light source products with defined wavelength and intensity properties are required to produce adequate visible fluorescence for easy visual location of defects.  
4.4 A light source product is considered to consist of a light source component incorporated into an optical, electrical, mechanical, and power supply system that makes it suitable for use in an industrial environment. The entire light source product is subject to this standard. The light source component and any subassemblies of the light source product are not subject to this standard.  
4.5 This specification is limited to light source products providing excitation in the range from 400 nm to 420 nm.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification provides the requirements for light source products intended for excitation of fluorescent materials used as a system for detection of defects in industrial coatings. This includes the examination of both longer wavelength fluorescing primer coatings as well as non-fluorescent top coatings.  
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1.3 This specification establishes safety requirements for the light source product necessary to ensure the product will not pose a threat to visual health.  
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ASTM D7541-11(2022)(Practice)
Standard Practice for Estimating Critical Surface Tensions

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5.1 Knowledge of the critical surface tension of substrates, primers and other coatings is useful for explaining or predicting wettability by paints and other coatings applied to those surfaces. Surfaces with low critical surface tensions usually are prone to suffer defects such as crawling, picture framing, cratering and loss of adhesion when painted. Low or irregular values, or both, often are indicative of contamination that could reduce adhesion. Surfaces with high critical surface tensions are easy to wet and usually provide an excellent platform for painting.  
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1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
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ASTM E2338-22(Practice)
Standard Practice for Characterization of Coatings Using Conformable Eddy Current Sensors without Coating Reference Standards

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Conformable Eddy Current Sensors—Conformable, eddy current sensors can be used on both flat and curved surfaces, including fillets, cylindrical surfaces, etc. When used with models for predicting the sensor response and appropriate algorithms, these sensors can measure variations in physical properties, such as electrical conductivity or magnetic permeability, or both, as well as thickness of conductive coatings on any substrate and nonconductive coatings on conductive substrates or on a conducting coating. These property variations can be used to detect and characterize heterogeneous regions within the conductive coatings, for example, regions of locally higher porosity.  
4.2 Sensors and Sensor Arrays—Depending on the application, either a single-sensing element sensor or a sensor array can be used for coating characterization. A sensor array provides a better capability to map spatial variations in coating thickness or conductivity, or both (reflecting, for example, porosity variations), and provides better throughput for scanning large areas. The size of the sensor footprint and the size and number of sensing elements within an array depend on the application requirements and constraints, and the nonconductive (for example, ceramic) coating thickness.  
4.3 Coating Thickness Range—The conductive coating thickness range over which a sensor performs best depends on the difference between the electrical conductivity of the substrate and conductive coating and available frequency range. For example, a specific sensor geometry with a specific frequency range for impedance measurements may provide acceptable performance for an MCrAlY coating over a nickel-alloy substrate for a relatively wide range of conductive coating thickness, for example, from 75 to 400 μm (0.003 to 0.016 in.). Yet, for another conductive coating-substrate combination, this range may be 10 to 100 μm (0.0004 to 0.004 in.). The coating characterization performance may also depend on the thick...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the use of conformable eddy current sensors for nondestructive characterization of coatings without standardization on coated reference parts. It includes the following: (1) thickness measurement of a conductive coating on a conductive substrate, (2) detection and characterization of local regions of increased porosity of a conductive coating, and (3) measurement of thickness for nonconductive coatings on a conductive substrate or on a conductive coating. This practice includes only nonmagnetic coatings on either magnetic (μ ≠ μ0) or nonmagnetic (μ = μ0) substrates. In addition to discrete coatings on substrates, this practice can also be used to measure the effective thickness of a process-affected zone (for example, shot peened layer for aluminum alloys, alpha case for titanium alloys) and to assess the condition of other layered media such as joints (for example, lap joints and skin panels over structural supports). For specific types of coated parts, the user may need a more specific procedure tailored to a specific application.  
1.2 Specific uses of conventional eddy current sensors are covered by Practices D7091 and E376 and the following test methods issued by ASTM: B244 and E1004. Guidance for the use of conformable eddy current sensor arrays is provided in Guide E2884.  
1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized ...

  • Standard
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  • Standard
    9 pages
    English language
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ASTM
ASTM F1178-11(2022)(Specification)
Standard Specification for Performance of Enameling System, Baking, Metal Joiner Work and Furniture

ABSTRACT
This specification covers performance of enameling system and baking primer on metal joiner work and furniture. Specification includes procedures for cleaning, degreasing, enameling, and texturing. Performance criteria shall include test panel description, primer test panel preparation, salt spray exposure, blistering resistance, corrosion resistance, enamel test panel preparation, gloss, hardness, paint cure, adhesion, flexibility, impact resistance, and color stability.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the performance of a baking primer and enamel on metal for use on fabricated metal products, including marine furniture and joiner work.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The metric (SI) units, given in parentheses, are for information only.  
1.3 Painting facilities shall comply with all applicable Federal and State regulations regarding emissions and waste disposal.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Technical specification
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