ASTM F1455-92(2017)

Standard Guide for Selection of Structural Details for Ship Construction

ABSTRACT
This guide provides a recommended list of selected ship structure details for use in ship construction. Structural details which have failed in service and are not recommended for use in ship construction are included as well. This guide is intended to convey the lessons learned on different configurations of ship structure details, not the dimensions, thickness, or construction methods which would result from structural calculations. Details are shown for the ten families of structural details, which are: beam brackets, clearance cut-outs, gunwale connections, miscellaneous cut-outs, non-tight collars, panel stiffeners, stanchion ends, stiffener ends, tight collars, and tripping brackets. Evaluation of details is based on in-service experience as described in "Design Guide for Structural Details". Data for over 400 details is summarized and rated by observed relative successful performance. Each of the ten families of details includes configurations with no signs of failures. The details without failures within each family group are shown in descending order of numbers observed. Those details with failures are shown in ascending order of failures (percentages are indicated for each). Thus the first detail shown in each family group has the best observed service performance and is most highly recommended while the last has the highest failure rate and therefore least desirable. The details provide guidance in the selection of structural detail configurations in future design and repair of such details.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide provides a recommended list of selected ship structure details for use in ship construction.  
1.2 Structural details which have failed in service and are not recommended for use in ship construction are included as well.  
1.3 This guide is intended to convey the lessons learned on different configurations of ship structure details, not the dimensions, thickness, or construction methods which would result from structural calculations.4  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Apr-2017
• ICS: 47.020.10 - Hulls and their structure elements
• Technical Committee: F25 - Ships and Marine Technology
• Drafting Committee: F25.01 - Structures

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: F1455 − 92 (Reapproved 2017) An American National Standard
Standard Guide for
1
Selection of Structural Details for Ship Construction
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1455; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
The principal aim of this guide is to depict recommended practices related to the design of ship
structural details. The importance of structural details is clear:
(1) Their layout and fabrication represent a sizable fraction of hull construction costs.
(2) Details are often the source of cracks and other failures which, under certain circumstances,
could lead to serious damage to the ship hull girder.
(3) The trend toward decreasing ship hull scantlings (that is, increasing average hull stresses) has
the potential of increasing the damage to details.
(4) Researchers have largely neglected the analysis of structural details at least in part because the
configuration and purpose of these details vary greatly and are not commonly described or discussed
in the literature.
Due to lack of analytical and experimental effort devoted to structural details, their determination
has been left up to draftsmen and designers, with very little engineering input.
2,3
In two comprehensive reviews of the performance of structural details, 86 ships were surveyed.
These included naval and commercial ship types. The commercial ships included both U.S. and
foreign built. The vessels ranged from 428 to 847 feet in length, from 18 000 to 90 000 tons in
displacement, and from five to twenty-six years in age. The details obtained were grouped into 12
typicalfamilies.KnifeEdgeCrossings(FamilyNo.6)andStructuralDeckCutoutDetails(FamilyNo.
9) are shown but not covered in detail in this guide. The remaining ten detail families were further
categorized into 53 groups comprising a total of 611 detail configurations. A number of these
configurations are very similar to others in detail geometry and such duplicates have been excluded
from this guide.Anumber of others were eliminated because of relatively infrequent observed use.As
a result, a total of 414 details are included herein. However, all 611 details can be found in “Structural
4
Details,” if desired.
In total, 607 584 details were observed with a total of 6856 failures. Failures were attributed to one
or a combination of five categories: design, fabrication, welding, maintenance, and operation (see 4.1
through 4.1.5). This extensive, well documented research, together with engineering judgement,
provides the principal support for this guide.
1. Scope
1 1.1 This guide provides a recommended list of selected ship
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F25 on Ships and
Marine Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.01 on structure details for use in ship construction.
Structures.
Current edition approved May 1, 2017. Published May 2017. Originally 1.2 Structural details which have failed in service and are
approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as F1455 – 92 (2011).
not recommended for use in ship construction are included as
DOI: 10.1520/F1455-92R17.
2 well.
Jordan, C. R., and Cochran, C. S., “In-service Performance of Structural
Details,” SSC-272, Ship Structure Committee Report, March 1977, available
1.3 This guide is intended to convey the lessons learned on
through the National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA 22161.
3
Jordan, C. R., and Knight, L. T., “Further Survey of In-service Performance of different configurations of ship structure details, not the
Structural Details,” SSC-294, Ship Structure Committee Report, May 1979, avail-
dimensions, thickness, or construction methods which would
able through the National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA 22161.
4
4 result from structural calculations.
Jordan, C. R., and Krumpen, P., Jr., “Structural Details,” American Welding
Society Welding Journal, Vol 63, No. 1, January 1984.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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F1455 − 92 (2017)
FIG. 4 Knife Edge Crossing (Family No. 6)
FIG. 1 Beam Brackets (Family No. 1)
2.1.6 miscellaneous cut-out—small holes or openings of a
variety of sizes and shapes used for access, drainage, ease of
fabrication, stress relief, and so forth.
2.1.6.1 Discussion—See Fig. 5.
2.1.7 non-tight collar—a fitting at the cut-outs in way of the
intersection of two continuous members that provides lateral
support for the piercing member w
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F1455 − 92 (Reapproved 2011) F1455 − 92 (Reapproved 2017)An American National Standard
Standard Guide for
1
Selection of Structural Details for Ship Construction
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1455; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
The principal aim of this guide is to depict recommended practices related to the design of ship
structural details. The importance of structural details is clear:
1) Their(1) Their layout and fabrication represent a sizable fraction of hull construction costs.
2) Details(2) Details are often the source of cracks and other failures which, under certain
circumstances, could lead to serious damage to the ship hull girder.
3) The(3) The trend toward decreasing ship hull scantlings (that is, increasing average hull stresses)
has the potential of increasing the damage to details.
(4 4) Researchers) Researchers have largely neglected the analysis of structural details at least in
part because the configuration and purpose of these details vary greatly and are not commonly
described or discussed in the literature.
Due to lack of analytical and experimental effort devoted to structural details, their determination
has been left up to draftsmen and designers, with very little engineering input.
2,3
In two comprehensive reviews of the performance of structural details, 86 ships were surveyed.
These included naval and commercial ship types. The commercial ships included both U.S. and
foreign built. The vessels ranged from 428 to 847 feet in length, from 18,000 to 90,000 18 000 to 90
000 tons in displacement, and from five to twenty-six years in age. The details obtained were grouped
into 12 typical families. Knife Edge Crossings (Family No. 6) and Structural Deck Cutout Details
(Family No. 9) are shown but not covered in detail in this guide. The remaining ten detail families
were further categorized into 53 groups comprising a total of 611 detail configurations. A number of
these configurations are very similar to others in detail geometry and such duplicates have been
excluded from this guide. A number of others were eliminated because of relatively infrequent
observed use. As a result, a total of 414 details are included herein. However, all 611 details can be
4 4
found in “Structural Details,” if desired.
In total, 607,584 607 584 details were observed with a total of 6,8566856 failures. Failures were
attributed to one or a combination of five categories: design, fabrication, welding, maintenance, and
operation (see 4.1 through 4.1.5). This extensive, well documented research, together with engineering
judgement, provides the principal support for this guide.
1. Scope
1.1 This guide provides a recommended list of selected ship structure details for use in ship construction.
1.2 Structural details which have failed in service and are not recommended for use in ship construction are included as well.
1.3 This guide is intended to convey the lessons learned on different configurations of ship structure details, not the dimensions,
4
thickness, or construction methods which would result from structural calculations.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F25 on Ships and Marine Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.01 on Structures.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2011May 1, 2017. Published November 2011May 2017. Originally approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 20072011 as
F1455 - 92F1455 – 92 (2011).(2007). DOI: 10.1520/F1455-92R11.10.1520/F1455-92R17.
2
Jordan, C. R., and Cochran, C. S., “In-service Performance of Structural Details,” SSC-272, Ship Structure Committee Report, March 1977, available through the National
Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA 22161.
3
Jordan, C. R., and Knight, L. T., “Further Survey of In-service Performance of Structural Details,” SSC-294, Ship Structure Committee Report, May 1979, available
through the National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA 22161.
4
Jordan, C. R., and Krumpen, P., Jr., “Structural Details,” American Welding Society Welding Journal, Vol 63, No. 1, January 1984.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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