ASTM D2168-10
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Calibration of Laboratory Mechanical-Rammer Soil Compactors
Standard Test Methods for Calibration of Laboratory Mechanical-Rammer Soil Compactors
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Mechanical compactors are commonly used to replace the hand compactors required for Test Methods D698 and D1557 in cases where it is necessary to increase production.
The design of mechanical compactors is such that it is necessary to have a calibration process that goes beyond determining the mass and drop of the hammer.
Note 1—The quality of the result produced by this standard is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria in Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing/sampling/inspection/and the like. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself assure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; Practice D3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.
SCOPE
1.1 These practices for the calibration of mechanical soil compactors are for use in checking and adjusting mechanical devices used in laboratory compacting of soil and soil-aggregate in accordance with Test Methods D698, D1557, Practice D6026, and other methods of a similar nature that might specify these practices. Calibration for use with one practice does not qualify the equipment for use with another practice.
1.2 The weight of the mechanical rammer is adjusted as described in 5.4 and 6.5 in order to provide for the mechanical compactor to produce the same result as the manual compactor.
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Designation: D2168 − 10
Standard Practices for
Calibration of Laboratory Mechanical-Rammer Soil
1
Compactors
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2168; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* However, the use of balances or scales recording pounds of
3
mass (lbm) or the recording of density in lbm/ft shall not be
1.1 These practices for the calibration of mechanical soil
regarded as a nonconformance with this standard.
compactors are for use in checking and adjusting mechanical
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
devices used in laboratory compacting of soil and soil-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
aggregate in accordance with Test Methods D698, D1557,
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Practice D6026, and other methods of a similar nature that
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
might specify these practices. Calibration for use with one
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
practice does not qualify the equipment for use with another
practice.
2. Referenced Documents
1.2 The weight of the mechanical rammer is adjusted as
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
described in 5.4 and 6.5 in order to provide for the mechanical
D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained
compactortoproducethesameresultasthemanualcompactor.
Fluids
1.3 Two alternative procedures are provided as follows:
D698 Test Methods for Laboratory Compaction Character-
Section 3
istics of Soil Using Standard Effort (12 400 ft-lbf/ft (600
Practice A Calibration based on the compaction of a 5
3
kN-m/m ))
selected soil sample
Practice B Calibration based on the deformation of a 6
D1557 Test Methods for Laboratory Compaction Character-
standard lead cylinder
3
istics of Soil Using Modified Effort (56,000 ft-lbf/ft
3
1.4 If a mechanical compactor is calibrated in accordance
(2,700 kN-m/m ))
with the requirements of either Practice A or Practice B, it is
D2487 Practice for Classification of Soils for Engineering
not necessary for the mechanical compactor to meet the
Purposes (Unified Soil Classification System)
requirements of the other practice.
D3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies
Engaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock as
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
Used in Engineering Design and Construction
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for
D6026 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Geotechnical
information only.
Data
1.5.1 It is common practice in the engineering profession to
E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test
concurrently use pounds to represent both a unit of mass (lbm)
Sieves
and a force (lbf). This implicitly combines two separate
E145 Specification for Gravity-Convection and Forced-
systems of units; that is, the absolute system and the gravita-
Ventilation Ovens
tional system. It is scientifically undesirable to combine the use
of two separate sets of inch-pound units within a single
3. Significance and Use
standard.This standard has been written using the gravitational
system of units when dealing with the inch-pound system. In
3.1 Mechanical compactors are commonly used to replace
this system, the pound (lbf) represents a unit of force (weight).
the hand compactors required for Test Methods D698 and
D1557 in cases where it is necessary to increase production.
1
ThesepracticesareunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD18onSoiland
Rock and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.03 on Texture,
2
Plasticity and Density Characteristics of Soils. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved July 1, 2010. Published August 2010. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
apprroved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D2168–02a. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/D2168-10. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D2168 − 10
3.2 The design of mechanical compactors is such that it is adjustment.Clean,adjust,andlubricatethecompactorssoasto
necessary to have a calibration process that goes beyond meet all requirements of the manufacturer, an
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D2168–02a
Standard Test Methods for Designation:D2168–10
Standard Practices for
Calibration of Laboratory Mechanical-Rammer Soil
1
Compactors
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2168; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 These test methodspractices for the calibration of mechanical soil compactors are for use in checking and adjusting
mechanical devices used in laboratory compacting of soil and soil-aggregate in accordance with Test Methods D698, D1557,
PracticeD6026,andothermethodsofasimilarnaturewhichthatmightspecifythismethod.thesepractices.Calibrationforusewith
one methodpractice does not qualify the equipment for use with another method. practice.
1.2 The weight of the mechanical rammer is adjusted as described in 5.4 and 6.5 in order to provide thatfor the mechanical
compactor willto produce the same result as the manual compactor.
1.3 Two alternative procedures are provided as follows:
Section
Test Method A Calibration based on the compaction of a 5
selected soil sample
Practice A Calibration based on the compaction of a 5
selected soil sample
Test Method B Calibration based on the deformation of a 6
standard lead cylinder
Practice B Calibration based on the deformation of a 6
standard lead cylinder
1.4 IfamechanicalcompactoriscalibratedinaccordancewiththerequirementsofeitherTestMethodPracticeAorTestMethod
Practice B, it is not necessary for the mechanical compactor to meet the requirements of the other method. practice.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard.The values given in parentheses are for information
only.
1.5.1 It is common practice in the engineering profession to concurrently use pounds to represent both a unit of mass (lbm) and
a force (lbf). This implicitly combines two separate systems of units; that is, the absolute system and the gravitational system. It
is scientifically undesirable to combine the use of two separate sets of inch-pound units within a single standard. This standard has
been written using the gravitational system of units when dealing with the inch-pound system. In this system, the pound (lbf)
represents a unit of force (weight). However, the use of balances or scales recording pounds of mass (lbm) or the recording of
3
density in lbm/ft shall not be regarded as a nonconformance with this standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained Fluids
1
These test methods practices are under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D18 on Soil and Rock and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.03 on Texture,
Plasticity and Density Characteristics of Soils.
Current edition approved Nov. 10, 2002. Published January 2003. Originally apprroved in 1990. Last previous edition D2168–02. DOI: 10.1520/D2168-02A.
Current edition approved July 1, 2010. Published August 2010. Originally apprroved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D2168–02a. DOI:
10.1520/D2168-10.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. ForAnnualBookofASTMStandards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D2168–10
3 3
D698 Test Methods for Laboratory Compaction Characteristics of Soil Using Standard Effort (12 400 ft-lbf/ft (600 kN-m/m ))
3
D1557 Test Methods for Laboratory Compaction Characteristics of Soil Using Modified Effort (56,000 ft-lbf/ft (2,700
3
kN-m/m ))
D2487 Practice for Classification of Soils for Engineering Purposes (Unified Soil Classification System)
D3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies Engaged in Testing and/o
...
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