ASTM A470/A470M-05(2010)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Vacuum-Treated Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Turbine Rotors and Shafts
Standard Specification for Vacuum-Treated Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Turbine Rotors and Shafts
ABSTRACT
This specification covers vacuum-treated carbon and alloy steel forgings for turbine rotors and shafts. Materials shall be manufactured and treated by: melting process via basic electric-furnace; secondary melting process via electrode-electroslag or vacuum-arc remelting; vacuum degassing; forging process via hot mechanical working; heat treatment via double-normalizing and tempering, or normalizing, quenching and tempering; and rough machining and axial boring. Tension and impact tests shall be done to evaluate the conformance of steel forgings with the following mechanical properties: tensile strength and toughness, notch toughness, yield strength, elongation, and reduction of area. Chemical composition conformances shall also be assessed by heat and product analyses. Nondestructive tests, such as ultrasonic and internal examination, and stability tests shall also be performed. Retreatments may be executed one or more times, but not more than three additional times, if results of the mechanical tests do not conform to specified requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers vacuum-treated carbon and alloy steel forgings for turbine rotors and shafts.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation:A470/A470M −05(Reapproved 2010)
Standard Specification for
Vacuum-Treated Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for
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Turbine Rotors and Shafts
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA470/A470M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope E139 Test Methods for Conducting Creep, Creep-Rupture,
and Stress-Rupture Tests of Metallic Materials
1.1 This specification covers vacuum-treated carbon and
alloy steel forgings for turbine rotors and shafts.
3. Ordering Information and General Requirements
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
3.1 Material supplied to this specification shall conform to
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
the requirements of Specification A788/A788M, which out-
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
lines additional ordering information, manufacturing methods
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
and procedures, marking, certification, production analysis
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
variations, and additional supplementary requirements.
with the standard.
3.2 In addition to the ordering information required by
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Specification A788/A788M, the purchaser shall include with
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
the inquiry and order, the grade and class of steel, alternative
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
maximum for silicon content (see Table 1), the choice of yield
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
strength offset (0.2 or 0.02 %), and any tests, supplementary
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
requirements, and purchase options desired.
2. Referenced Documents
3.3 Forging Drawing—Each forging shall be manufactured
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2.1 ASTM Standards:
in accordance with a drawing furnished by the purchaser
A275/A275M Practice for Magnetic Particle Examination of
showing the dimensions of the forging and bore hole, if any,
Steel Forgings
and the location of mechanical test specimens.
A293 SpecificationforSteelForgings,CarbonandAlloy,for
3.4 Supplementary Requirements—Supplementary require-
Turbine Generator Rotors and Shafts; Replaced by A 470
ments are provided. These requirements shall apply only when
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(Withdrawn 1984)
specified in the purchase order.
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
3.5 If the requirements of this specification are in conflict
of Steel Products
with the requirements of Specification A788/A788M, the
A418/A418M Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of Tur-
requirements of this specification shall prevail.
bine and Generator Steel Rotor Forgings
A472/A472M Specification for Heat Stability of Steam Tur-
4. Manufacture
bine Shafts and Rotor Forgings
A788/A788M Specification for Steel Forgings, General Re- 4.1 Melting Process:
quirements 4.1.1 The steel shall be made by the basic electric-furnace
process.
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4.1.2 Provisions for subsequent secondary melting of the
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
steel by the consumable electrode-electroslag or vacuum-arc
A01.06 on Steel Forgings and Billets.
remelting processes are included in Supplementary Require-
Current edition approved April 1, 2010. Published May 2010. Originally
ϵ1
ment S7.
approved in 1962. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as A470/A470M – 05 .
DOI: 10.1520/A0470_A0470M-05E01.
4.2 Vacuum Treatment—The vacuum degassing require-
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For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
ments of Specification A788/A788M are mandatory.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
4.3 Discard—Sufficient discard shall be taken from each
the ASTM website.
3 ingot to secure freedom from pipe and harmful segregation in
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
www.astm.org. the finished forging.
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A470/A470M−05 (2010)
A
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
Grade A Grade B Grade C Grade D Grade E
Ni-Mo-V Ni-Mo-V Ni-Cr-Mo-V Cr-Mo-V Ni-Mo-V
Carbon 0.22–0.30 0.22–0.30 0.28 0.25–0.35 0.30
Manganese 0.20–0.60 0.20–
...
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