ASTM E1512-01(2007)
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Testing Bond Performance of Bonded Anchors
Standard Test Methods for Testing Bond Performance of Bonded Anchors
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
These test methods are intended to provide information from which applicable design data and specifications are derived for a given anchorage device and for qualifying anchors or anchorage devices.
These test methods shall be followed to ensure reproducibility of the test data.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover instructions for making a variety of tests for the strength of the adhesive bond developed between a steel anchor and the surface of a hole in concrete or masonry (including masonry units and mortar joints) and for assessing the effects on such bond of a variety of factors including elevated temperature, fire, moisture, and freezing and thawing action. The specifier or manufacturer shall select those tests that are appropriate for the given anchoring system and intended application.
1.2 The adhesive-bonded anchor system refers to a smooth or deformed steel bar or threaded rod, set in a predrilled hole containing chemical bonding compounds. Loads are transferred mainly by the bond of the adhesive both to the anchor and the surrounding elements along the sides of the hole. For anchoring systems made of significantly different materials, these test methods shall be taken as a guideline.
1.3 This standard applies to all adhesives used to bond steel anchors or steel reinforcement bars (rebar) to concrete or masonry. These test methods apply to anchorages used in uncracked concrete or masonry. They do not apply to the use of the anchor in the concrete tension zone. The usual forces applied during the tests are in tension, shear, and under a combination of both tension and shear.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: E1512 − 01 (Reapproved2007)
Standard Test Methods for
Testing Bond Performance of Bonded Anchors
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1512; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
1.1 These test methods cover instructions for making a 2.1 ASTM Standards:
varietyoftestsforthestrengthoftheadhesivebonddeveloped C666/C666MTest Method for Resistance of Concrete to
between a steel anchor and the surface of a hole in concrete or Rapid Freezing and Thawing
masonry (including masonry units and mortar joints) and for E119Test Methods for Fire Tests of Building Construction
assessing the effects on such bond of a variety of factors and Materials
includingelevatedtemperature,fire,moisture,andfreezingand E488Test Methods for Strength ofAnchors in Concrete and
thawingaction.Thespecifierormanufacturershallselectthose Masonry Elements
tests that are appropriate for the given anchoring system and E575Practice for Reporting Data from Structural Tests of
intended application. Building Constructions, Elements, Connections, and As-
semblies
1.2 The adhesive-bonded anchor system refers to a smooth
or deformed steel bar or threaded rod, set in a predrilled hole
3. Terminology
containing chemical bonding compounds. Loads are trans-
ferred mainly by the bond of the adhesive both to the anchor 3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 baseline test—restrained test conducted on anchors
and the surrounding elements along the sides of the hole. For
anchoring systems made of significantly different materials, installed in the same test member and under the same instal-
lation method as a required environmental test for comparison
these test methods shall be taken as a guideline.
purposes.
1.3 This standard applies to all adhesives used to bond steel
3.1.2 bonded anchor—a fastener placed in hardened con-
anchors or steel reinforcement bars (rebar) to concrete or
crete or masonry that derives its holding strength from a
masonry. These test methods apply to anchorages used in
chemical compound placed between the wall of the hole and
uncrackedconcreteormasonry.Theydonotapplytotheuseof
the embedded portion of the anchor.
the anchor in the concrete tension zone. The usual forces
applied during the tests are in tension, shear, and under a
4. Significance and Use
combination of both tension and shear.
4.1 These test methods are intended to provide information
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
from which applicable design data and specifications are
as the standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for
derived for a given anchorage device and for qualifying
information only.
anchors or anchorage devices.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4.2 These test methods shall be followed to ensure repro-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
ducibility of the test data.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and to determine the
5. General Requirements
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5.1 The adhesive bonded anchors to be tested shall be
representative of the product made available for typical field
installations. The manufacturer shall provide information on
physical, mechanical, and chemical properties of the anchor
system. If required by a customer or approval agency, the
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E06 on
Performance of Buildings and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E06.13
on Structural Performance of Connections in Building Construction. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved April 1, 2007. Published April 2007. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as E1512–01. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/E1512-01R07. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
E1512 − 01 (2007)
testing laboratory shall verify, or have a specialized laboratory fied (12 mm), and be embedded 4.5 6 0.1 inches (1156 2.5
verify,thephysical,mechanical,andchemicalpropertiesofthe mm). Test anchors of other diameters when specified by the
adhesive. purchaser or manufacturer. Install and cure all anchors at 75°F
6 10°F (24°C 6 5°C), unless specified otherwise. Install and
5.2 The installation equipment, instructions, and procedures
cure anchors according to the manufacturers instructions,
shall be as specified by the manufacturer. If there are any
unless directed otherwise.
deviations from the manufacturer’s instructions when testing
7.4.2 The tests given in Sections 7.4.3-7.4.8 shall be con-
commercial anchors, they shall be described in the report.
ducted as restrained tests or unrestrained tests, unless the
5.3 The structural members shall be as described in Test
section in question requires a specific test. A restrained test is
Method E488.
defined as a test conducted in accordance with Test Method
5.4 The test and measuring equipment for performing static
E488 except that the test equipment support clearance require-
tension and shear tests, as well as dynamic tests, are described
ments of E488 do not apply. The reaction base shall be
in Test Method E488. For performing long-term creep tests,
approximately equal to the drilled hole diameter for the anchor
equipment that will sustain the required loads without distress
toprecludeconcreteormasonryfailure,butallowbondfailure.
shall be used.
An unrestrained test is defined as a test conducted in accor-
dance with Test Method E488. If the environmental tests are
6. Materials and Manufacture
conducted as restrained tests, baseline tests are required for
comparison purposes. Baseline tests are defined as restrained
6.1 The adhesive-bonded anchors shall be installed for use
tests conducted on three ⁄2-inch (12 mm) anchors embedded
inaccordancewithwritteninstructionsofthemanufacturer.An
4.5 6 0.1 inches (115 6 2.5 mm) in the same base material
inert filler that does not affect the performance of the
usingthesameinstallationmethodastherequiredenvironmen-
components, if specified by the manufacturer, shall be uni-
taltest.Iftheenvironmentaltestsareconductedasunrestrained
formly incorporated in one or both bonding components.
test, baseline tests are not required.
7. Procedure
7.4.3 TestonShort-termEffectofFire—Thepurposeofthis
test is to determine anchor performance when subjected to the
7.1 This section presents the specific tests that shall be
temperatures and times given in the fire-temperature curve in
performed as required to evaluate the bonded anchor system.
Test Method E119. This test shall be conducted in the unre-
When evaluating bonded anchors in concrete, the concrete
strained mode. Install and test a minimum of three anchors.
strength shall be 3000 6 500 psi (20 6 3 MPa) compressive
Use a test member that is sufficiently large (36" square (1 m
strength, unless otherwise specified, using aggregate of river
square)) to give realistic concrete or masonry response to the
gravel or crushed rock. Cure the concrete for a minimum of 28
fire temperature exposure in the vicinity of the test anchor.
days. Condition the test member to 75°F 6 10°F (24°C6 5°C)
Condition the test member in accordance with Test Method
prior to anchor installations, unless otherwise specified. Ma-
E119 under the “Protection and Conditioning of Test Speci-
sonry shall be permitted to be used as the test member.
men” section. A typical set-up is shown in Fig. 1. During
7.2 Static Tests:
testing,subjecttheanchorstoaconstanttensionload.Thisload
7.2.1 Perform tension and shear tests in accordance with
shall be the allowable load for the anchor as determined in
Test Method E488.All sizes are to be tested at both minimum
Section 7.2, or other load as specified by the manufacturer.
and maximum embedments expected. Shear tests at the maxi-
Maintain the load as the fire temperature is increased in
mum embedment shall be permitted to be excluded if shear
accordance with the Test Method E119 time-temperature
tests at a shallower embedment result in a steel failure. If there
curve. Record temperature and displacement readings at
is a difference greater than 9 anchor diameters between these
1-minute increments until failure occurs.
embedments additional intermediate embedments shall be
7.4.4 Radiation Test—Perform these tests where the radia-
tested. Clean holes and install anchors as specified by the
tion resistance of the adhesive is required. The tests shall be
manufacturer. Measure and record hole diameters and/or drill
conducted as restrained tests, or unrestrained tests. If testing is
bitdiameters.Installandcureanchorsat75°F 610°F(24°C 6
conducted in the restrained mode, baseline tests are required.
5°C).
Install and test a minimum of three anchors. Expose the test
7.3 Dynamic Tests:
specimens to a minimum gamma radiation level of2×10
7.3.1 Fatigue Tests—Perform fatigue tests in accordance
rads. Conduct tension tests and compare the irradiated anchor
with Test Method E488.
results to the baseline test results if the radiation tests were
7.3.2 Seismic Tests—Perform seismic tests in accordance
conducted in the restrained mode. Compare the irradiated
with Test Method E488.
anchor results to the results determined in Section 7.2 for the
same size anchor if the radiation tests were conducted in the
7.4 Environmental Tests:
unrestrained mode. Upon completion of the tests, the testing
7.4.1 The tests given in Sections 7.4.3-7.4.8 are designed to
agency shall be responsible for safely disposing of the test
determine the effect of loading and environmental influences
samples in accordance with applicable regulations.
on the bond strength of the adhesive. To ensure bond failure,
use steel of sufficiently high strength to prevent steel failure of 7.4.5 Tests on Effect of Freezing and Thawing Conditions—
the anchor. To provide comparative standardized data, anchors The tests shall be conducted as restrained tests, or unrestrained
shall be ⁄2 "–13 UNC Threaded Rod, unless otherwise speci- tests. If testing is conducted in the restrained mode, baseline
E1512 − 01 (2007)
FIG. 1 Tension Creep Test Arrangement
tests are required. Install and test a minimum of three anchors. except that the freestanding water is not removed. Install the
Freezing-and-thawing resistant concrete shall be used as an anchors in the water-filled holes.
option. Cover the surface of the test member, within a 7.4.7 Tests on Effect of Service Temperature:
minimum 3-inch (76 mm) radius from the center of the test 7.4.7.1 Tests on Effect of Elevated Temperature on Cured
anchor, with tap water, maintaining a minimum of ⁄2-inch (12 Samples—The tests shall be conducted as restrained tests, or
mm) depth throughout the test. Load each anchor with a unrestrained tests. Install and test a minimum of three anchors
constanttensionloadequaltoatleast40%oftheultimateload for each temperature data point. Test a sufficient number of
capacityofthebaselinetestsforrestrainedtests,or40%ofthe temperaturedatapointstodevelopaload-temperatureresponse
ultimate load capacity for the same size anchor determined in curve of the adhesive anchor. Test, as a minimum 70°F (21°C)
Section 7.2 for an unrestrained test. This load is to be and at least four higher temperatures, one of which shall be at
maintained during the freezing and thawing cycles. The nomi- least 180°F (82°C).All anchors are to be installed and cured at
nal freezing and thawing cycles shall consist of alternately 75°F 6 10°F (24°C 6 5°C). Following the recommended cure
loweringthetemperatureofthechamberto−10°F(−23°C)and period, heat and maintain the specimens at the desired tem-
holding this temperature for 3 hours, then raising the tempera- perature for a minimum of 24 hours. Remove the test speci-
ture to 104°F (40°C) and holding this temperature for 3 hours. mens from the heating chamber and tension test the anchors
Measure the temperature at the surface of the concrete at a immediatelyinordertoassurethetestspecimensremainatthe
location outside the standing water. At the completion of fifty conditioned temperature.Athermocouple inserted into the test
complete cycles, conduct tension tests and compare the results member may be used to confirm the temperature at the time of
to the baseline test results or to the results determined in testing. Plot a chart depicting the performance trend showing
Section 7.2 for the same size anchor as applicable. thepercentagechange,comparetothestrengthat70°F(21°C),
7.4.6 Tests on Effects of Damp Environment—Thetestsshall attributed to the change in temperature.
beconductedasrestrainedtests,orunrestrainedtests.Iftesting 7.4.7.2 Tests on Effect of Reduced Temperature on Curing—
isconductedintherestrainedmode,baselinetestsarerequired. The tests shall be conducted as restrained tests, or unrestrained
Install and test a minimum of three anchors. Prior to anchor tests. Install and test a minimum of three anchors. Prior to
installations, fill the test holes with tap water and maintain the installation, condition the anchor rod and test member to the
water level filled for a minimum of seven days. Immediately desired temperature and maintain that temperature for a mini-
prior to installing the anchors, all freestanding water shall be mum of 24 hours. Install the anchors and allow them to cure at
removed so that the walls of the test holes are surface moist. the stabilized temperature for the manufacturers recommended
After the appropriate cure time has elapsed, conduct tension cure time. Remove the test specimens from the cooling
tests to failure and compare the results to the baseline test chamber and tension test the anchors immediately in order to
results or to the results determined in Section 7.2 for the same assure the test specimens remain at the conditioned tempera-
size anchor as applicable. If the application requires installa- ture. A thermocouple inserted into the test member may be
tion in water-filled holes, conduct the test as described above usedtoconfirmthetemperatureatthetimeoftesting.Compare
E1512 − 01 (2007)
the results to the load obtained in Section 7.4.7.1 at 70°F
(21°C). When
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