ASTM E1512-01(2023)
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Testing Bond Performance of Bonded Anchors
Standard Test Methods for Testing Bond Performance of Bonded Anchors
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 These test methods are intended to provide information from which applicable design data and specifications are derived for a given anchorage device and for qualifying anchors or anchorage devices.
4.2 These test methods shall be followed to ensure reproducibility of the test data.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover instructions for making a variety of tests for the strength of the adhesive bond developed between a steel anchor and the surface of a hole in concrete or masonry (including masonry units and mortar joints) and for assessing the effects on such bond of a variety of factors including elevated temperature, fire, moisture, and freezing and thawing action. The specifier or manufacturer shall select those tests that are appropriate for the given anchoring system and intended application.
1.2 The adhesive-bonded anchor system refers to a smooth or deformed steel bar or threaded rod, set in a predrilled hole containing chemical bonding compounds. Loads are transferred mainly by the bond of the adhesive both to the anchor and the surrounding elements along the sides of the hole. For anchoring systems made of significantly different materials, these test methods shall be taken as a guideline.
1.3 These test methods apply to all adhesives used to bond steel anchors or steel reinforcement bars (rebar) to concrete or masonry. These test methods apply to anchorages used in uncracked concrete or masonry. They do not apply to the use of the anchor in the concrete tension zone. The usual forces applied during the tests are in tension, shear, and under a combination of both tension and shear.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E1512 − 01 (Reapproved 2023)
Standard Test Methods for
Testing Bond Performance of Bonded Anchors
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1512; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
1.1 These test methods cover instructions for making a
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
variety of tests for the strength of the adhesive bond developed
between a steel anchor and the surface of a hole in concrete or
2. Referenced Documents
masonry (including masonry units and mortar joints) and for
2.1 ASTM Standards:
assessing the effects on such bond of a variety of factors
C666/C666M Test Method for Resistance of Concrete to
including elevated temperature, fire, moisture, and freezing and
Rapid Freezing and Thawing
thawing action. The specifier or manufacturer shall select those
E119 Test Methods for Fire Tests of Building Construction
tests that are appropriate for the given anchoring system and
and Materials
intended application.
E488/E488M Test Methods for Strength of Anchors in
1.2 The adhesive-bonded anchor system refers to a smooth
Concrete Elements
or deformed steel bar or threaded rod, set in a predrilled hole
E575 Practice for Reporting Data from Structural Tests of
containing chemical bonding compounds. Loads are trans-
Building Constructions, Elements, Connections, and As-
ferred mainly by the bond of the adhesive both to the anchor
semblies
and the surrounding elements along the sides of the hole. For
anchoring systems made of significantly different materials,
3. Terminology
these test methods shall be taken as a guideline.
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1.3 These test methods apply to all adhesives used to bond
3.1.1 baseline test—restrained test conducted on anchors
steel anchors or steel reinforcement bars (rebar) to concrete or
installed in the same test member and under the same instal-
masonry. These test methods apply to anchorages used in
lation method as a required environmental test for comparison
uncracked concrete or masonry. They do not apply to the use of
purposes.
the anchor in the concrete tension zone. The usual forces
3.1.2 bonded anchor—a fastener placed in hardened con-
applied during the tests are in tension, shear, and under a
crete or masonry that derives its holding strength from a
combination of both tension and shear.
chemical compound placed between the wall of the hole and
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
the embedded portion of the anchor.
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
4. Significance and Use
and are not considered standard.
4.1 These test methods are intended to provide information
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
from which applicable design data and specifications are
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
derived for a given anchorage device and for qualifying
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
anchors or anchorage devices.
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
4.2 These test methods shall be followed to ensure repro-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
ducibility of the test data.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
5. General Requirements
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
5.1 The adhesive bonded anchors to be tested shall be
representative of the product made available for typical field
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E06 on
Performance of Buildings and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E06.13
on Structural Performance of Connections in Building Construction. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2023. Published December 2023. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as E1512 – 01 (2015). Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
DOI: 10.1520/E1512-01R23. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
E1512 − 01 (2023)
installations. The manufacturer shall provide information on on the bond strength of the adhesive. To ensure bond failure,
physical, mechanical, and chemical properties of the anchor use steel of sufficiently high strength to prevent steel failure of
system. If required by a customer or approval agency, the the anchor. To provide comparative standardized data, anchors
testing laboratory shall verify, or have a specialized laboratory shall be ⁄2 in.–13 UNC Threaded Rod, unless otherwise
verify, the physical, mechanical, and chemical properties of the
specified (12 mm), and be embedded 4.5 in. 6 0.1 in.
adhesive. (115 mm 6 2.5 mm). Test anchors of other diameters when
specified by the purchaser or manufacturer. Install and cure all
5.2 The installation equipment, instructions, and procedures
anchors at 75 °F 6 10 °F (24 °C 6 5 °C), unless specified
shall be as specified by the manufacturer. If there are any
otherwise. Install and cure anchors according to the manufac-
deviations from the manufacturer’s instructions when testing
turers instructions, unless directed otherwise.
commercial anchors, they shall be described in the report.
7.4.2 The tests given in 7.4.3 – 7.4.8 shall be conducted as
5.3 The structural members shall be as described in Test
restrained tests or unrestrained tests, unless the section in
Methods E488/E488M.
question requires a specific test. A restrained test is defined as
5.4 The test and measuring equipment for performing static
a test conducted in accordance with Test Methods E488/
tension and shear tests, as well as dynamic tests, are described
E488M except that the test equipment support clearance
in Test Methods E488/E488M. For performing long-term creep
requirements of Test Methods E488/E488M do not apply. The
tests, equipment that will sustain the required loads without
reaction base shall be approximately equal to the drilled hole
distress shall be used.
diameter for the anchor to preclude concrete or masonry
failure, but allow bond failure. An unrestrained test is defined
6. Materials and Manufacture
as a test conducted in accordance with Test Methods E488/
E488M. If the environmental tests are conducted as restrained
6.1 The adhesive-bonded anchors shall be installed for use
tests, baseline tests are required for comparison purposes.
in accordance with written instructions of the manufacturer. An
Baseline tests are defined as restrained tests conducted on three
inert filler that does not affect the performance of the
components, if specified by the manufacturer, shall be uni- ⁄2 in. (12 mm) anchors embedded 4.5 in. 6 0.1 in. (115 mm 6
formly incorporated in one or both bonding components. 2.5 mm) in the same base material using the same installation
method as the required environmental test. If the environmen-
tal tests are conducted as unrestrained test, baseline tests are
7. Procedure
not required.
7.1 This section presents the specific tests that shall be
7.4.3 Test on Short-term Effect of Fire—The purpose of this
performed as required to evaluate the bonded anchor system.
test is to determine anchor performance when subjected to the
When evaluating bonded anchors in concrete, the concrete
temperatures and times given in the fire-temperature curve in
strength shall be 3000 psi 6 500 psi (20 MPa 6 3 MPa)
Test Methods E119. This test shall be conducted in the
compressive strength, unless otherwise specified, using aggre-
unrestrained mode. Install and test a minimum of three
gate of river gravel or crushed rock. Cure the concrete for a
anchors. Use a test member that is sufficiently large (36 in.
minimum of 28 days. Condition the test member to 75 °F 6
(1 m )) to give realistic concrete or masonry response to the
10 °F (24 °C 6 5 °C) prior to anchor installations, unless
fire temperature exposure in the vicinity of the test anchor.
otherwise specified. Masonry shall be permitted to be used as
Condition the test member in accordance with Test Methods
the test member.
E119 under the “Protection and Conditioning of Test Speci-
7.2 Static Tests:
men” section. A typical set-up is shown in Fig. 1. During
7.2.1 Perform tension and shear tests in accordance with
testing, subject the anchors to a constant tension load. This load
Test Methods E488/E488M. All sizes are to be tested at both
shall be the allowable load for the anchor as determined in 7.2,
minimum and maximum embedments expected. Shear tests at
or other load as specified by the manufacturer. Maintain the
the maximum embedment shall be permitted to be excluded if
load as the fire temperature is increased in accordance with the
shear tests at a shallower embedment result in a steel failure. If
Test Methods E119 time-temperature curve. Record tempera-
there is a difference greater than nine anchor diameters
ture and displacement readings at 1-min increments until
between these embedments additional intermediate embed-
failure occurs.
ments shall be tested. Clean holes and install anchors as
7.4.4 Radiation Test—Perform these tests where the radia-
specified by the manufacturer. Measure and record hole diam-
tion resistance of the adhesive is required. The tests shall be
eters and/or drill bit diameters. Install and cure anchors at 75 °F
conducted as restrained tests, or unrestrained tests. If testing is
6 10 °F (24 °C 6 5 °C).
conducted in the restrained mode, baseline tests are required.
7.3 Dynamic Tests:
Install and test a minimum of three anchors. Expose the test
7.3.1 Fatigue Tests—Perform fatigue tests in accordance 7
specimens to a minimum gamma radiation level of 2 × 10
with Test Methods E488/E488M.
rads. Conduct tension tests and compare the irradiated anchor
7.3.2 Seismic Tests—Perform seismic tests in accordance
results to the baseline test results if the radiation tests were
with Test Methods E488/E488M.
conducted in the restrained mode. Compare the irradiated
7.4 Environmental Tests: anchor results to the results determined in 7.2 for the same size
7.4.1 The tests given in 7.4.3 – 7.4.8 are designed to anchor if the radiation tests were conducted in the unrestrained
determine the effect of loading and environmental influences mode. Upon completion of the tests, the testing agency shall be
E1512 − 01 (2023)
FIG. 1 Tension Creep Test Arrangement
responsible for safely disposing of the test samples in accor- anchor as applicable. If the application requires installation in
dance with applicable regulations. water-filled holes, conduct the test as described above except
7.4.5 Tests on Effect of Freezing and Thawing Conditions— that the freestanding water is not removed. Install the anchors
The tests shall be conducted as restrained tests, or unrestrained in the water-filled holes.
tests. If testing is conducted in the restrained mode, baseline 7.4.7 Tests on Effect of Service Temperature:
tests are required. Install and test a minimum of three anchors. 7.4.7.1 Tests on Effect of Elevated Temperature on Cured
Freezing-and-thawing resistant concrete shall be used as an Samples—The tests shall be conducted as restrained tests, or
option. Cover the surface of the test member, within a unrestrained tests. Install and test a minimum of three anchors
minimum 3 in. (76 mm) radius from the center of the test for each temperature data point. Test a sufficient number of
anchor, with tap water, maintaining a minimum of ⁄2 in. temperature data points to develop a load-temperature response
(12 mm) depth throughout the test. Load each anchor with a curve of the adhesive anchor. Test, as a minimum 70 °F (21 °C)
constant tension load equal to at least 40 % of the ultimate load and at least four higher temperatures, one of which shall be at
capacity of the baseline tests for restrained tests, or 40 % of the least 180 °F (82 °C). All anchors are to be installed and cured
ultimate load capacity for the same size anchor determined in at 75 °F 6 10 °F (24 °C 6 5 °C). Following the recommended
7.2 for an unrestrained test. This load is to be maintained cure period, heat and maintain the specimens at the desired
during the freezing and thawing cycles. The nominal freezing temperature for a minimum of 24 h. Remove the test specimens
and thawing cycles shall consist of alternately lowering the from the heating chamber and tension test the anchors imme-
temperature of the chamber to −10 °F (−23 °C) and holding diately in order to assure the test specimens remain at the
this temperature for 3 h, then raising the temperature to 104 °F conditioned temperature. A thermocouple inserted into the test
(40 °C) and holding this temperature for 3 h. Measure the member may be used to confirm the temperature at the time of
temperature at the surface of the concrete at a location outside testing. Plot a chart depicting the performance trend showing
the standing water. At the completion of fifty complete cycles, the percentage change, compare to the strength at 70 °F
conduct tension tests and compare the results to the baseline (21 °C), attributed to the change in temperature.
test results or to the results determined in 7.2 for the same size 7.4.7.2 Tests on Effect of Reduced Temperature on Curing—
anchor as applicable. The tests shall be conducted as restrained tests, or unrestrained
7.4.6 Tests on Effects of Damp Environment—The tests shall tests. Install and test a minimum of three anchors. Prior to
be conducted as restrained tests, or unrestrained tests. If testing installation, condition the anchor rod and test member to the
is conducted in the restrained mode, baseline tests are required. desired temperature and maintain that temperature for a mini-
Install and test a minimum of three anchors. Prior to anchor mum of 24 h. Install the anchors and allow them to cure at the
installations, fill the test holes with tap water and maintain the stabilized temperature for the manufacturers re
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.