ASTM D1292-05
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Odor in Water
Standard Test Method for Odor in Water
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The odor of water is a subjective property which is recognized as having a significant effect on its quality. This test is intended to provide a reproducible test method for determining the intensity of odor in waters for comparative or control purposes.
The test may be useful in checking the quality of raw or treated waters, determining the effectiveness of treatment procedures, or in tracing sources of contamination or leaks in industrial processes.
The results of the test are very dependent upon the observers, since the sensitivity of individuals to odor is highly variable and changes from day to day. Careful standardization of the conditions is essential.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the odor (that is, the property that affects the sense of smell) of water. A suggested system for classifying odors is given as Annex A1. The test method is applicable to the determination of odor intensity in terms of odor intensity index or threshold odor number.
1.2 Effluents may carry a myriad of compounds, difficult to measure individually, which contribute to odor problems. Combinations of compounds can cause an odor intensity or develop a characteristic that cannot be anticipated from odors of the individual substances.
1.3 Because of the variation in human sensitivity, high precision in determining odor intensity is not possible. There will not always be agreement on odor characteristics by various testers. Odor analysis provides the tool to measure variation in odor intensity at a given sampling point. The degree of variation may indicate the magnitude or importance of an odor problem. Determining the cause of the variation or the source of the objectionable characteristic may define the odor problem better than analysis for individual compounds.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Note under 10.1.
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Designation: D1292 – 05
Standard Test Method for
1
Odor in Water
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1292; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
2 D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the odor
D2777 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias of
(thatis,thepropertythataffectsthesenseofsmell)ofwater.A
Applicable Test Methods of Committee D19 on Water
suggested system for classifying odors is given as Annex A1.
D3370 Practices for Sampling Water from Closed Conduits
The test method is applicable to the determination of odor
intensity in terms of odor intensity index or threshold odor
3. Terminology
number.
3.1 Definitions:
1.2 Effluents may carry a myriad of compounds, difficult to
3.1.1 The terms odor-intensity index and odor threshold
measure individually, which contribute to odor problems.
number in this test method are defined in accordance with
Combinations of compounds can cause an odor intensity or
Terminology D1129 as follows:
develop a characteristic that cannot be anticipated from odors
3.1.2 odor-intensity index—thenumberoftimestheconcen-
of the individual substances.
trationoftheoriginalsampleishalvedbyadditionofodor-free
1.3 Because of the variation in human sensitivity, high
water to obtain the least definitely perceptible odor.
precision in determining odor intensity is not possible. There
3.1.3 odor threshold number—the greatest dilution of the
willnotalwaysbeagreementonodorcharacteristicsbyvarious
sample with odor-free water to yield the least definitely
testers. Odor analysis provides the tool to measure variation in
perceptible odor.
odor intensity at a given sampling point. The degree of
3.1.4 For definitions of other terms used in this test method,
variation may indicate the magnitude or importance of an odor
refer to Terminology D1129.
problem. Determining the cause of the variation or the source
oftheobjectionablecharacteristicmaydefinetheodorproblem
4. Summary of Test Method
better than analysis for individual compounds.
4.1 A sample of water is diluted with odor-free water until
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
a dilution is obtained that has the least definitely perceptible
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
odor. The test is made by two or more testers. One makes
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
dilutions and the others determine odor intensity. Samples are
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
tested in generally increasing concentration of odorant, al-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard
though not in consecutive sequence of dilutions, until the odor
statements, see Note 1 under 10.1.
is perceived. The persons making the test select the odorous
sample from among three flasks, two of which contain odor-
2. Referenced Documents
3 free water. Odor is measured without regard to the presence of
2.1 ASTM Standards:
suspended matter or immiscible substances in the sample.
D1066 Practice for Sampling Steam
Cognizance is taken of the fact that there is no absolute odor
value and that the test is to be used for comparison only. The
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This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D19 on Water
test is carried out at 40°C.
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.05 on Inorganic Constituents
in Water.
5. Significance and Use
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2005. Published February 2005. Originally
approved in 1953. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as D1292–86 (1999). 5.1 The odor of water is a subjective property which is
DOI: 10.1520/D1292-05.
recognizedashavingasignificanteffectonitsquality.Thistest
2
This test method is based on a procedure proposed by the Dow Chemical Co.
isintendedtoprovideareproducibletestmethodfordetermin-
in a private communication.
3
ing the intensity of odor in waters for comparative or control
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
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purposes.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
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D1292 – 05
5.2 The test may be useful in checking the quality of raw or 6.5 Turbidity in some wastewaters may be evident below
treated waters, determining the effectiven
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