ASTM D5466-15
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determination of Volatile Organic Compounds in Atmospheres (Canister Sampling Methodology)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Volatile Organic Compounds in Atmospheres (Canister Sampling Methodology)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 VOCs are emitted into ambient, indoor, and workplace air from many different sources. These VOCs are of interest for a variety of reasons including participation in atmospheric chemistry and acute or chronic human health impacts.
5.2 Canisters are particularly well suited for the collection and analysis of very volatile and volatile organic compounds. This test method describes the collection and analysis of whole gas samples and is not subject to high volatility limitations.
5.3 Chemically stable selected VOCs have been successfully collected in passivated stainless steel canisters. Collection of atmospheric samples in canisters provides for: (1) convenient integration of air samples over a specific time period (for example, 8 to 24 h), (2) remote sampling and central laboratory analysis, (3) ease of storing and shipping samples, (4) unattended sample collection, (5) analysis of samples from multiple sites with one analytical system, (6) dilution or additional sample concentration to keep the sample size introduced into the analytical instrument within the calibration range, (7) collection of sufficient sample volume to allow assessment of measurement precision through replicate analyses of the same sample by one or several analytical systems, and (8) sample collection using a vacuum regulator flow controller if electricity is not available.
5.4 Interior surfaces of the canisters may be treated by any of several proprietary passivation processes including an electropolishing process to remove or cover reactive metal sites on the interior surface of the vessel and a fused silica coating process.
5.5 For this standard, VOCs are defined as organic compounds that can be quantitatively recovered from the canisters having a vapor pressure greater than 10-2 kPa at 25ºC and 760 mm Hg.
5.6 Target compound polarity is also a factor in compound recovery. Aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons from C1 to C13 have been successfully measured with this standard bu...
SCOPE
1.1 This standard describes a procedure for sampling and analysis of selected volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in ambient, indoor, and workplace atmospheres. The test method is based on the collection of whole air samples in stainless steel canisters with specially treated (passivated) interior surfaces. For sample analysis, a portion of the sample is subsequently removed from the canister and the collected VOCs are selectively concentrated by adsorption or condensation onto a trap, subsequently released by thermal desorption, separated by gas chromatography, and measured by a mass spectrometric detector or other detector(s). This test method describes procedures for sampling into canisters to final pressures both above and below atmospheric pressure (respectively referred to as pressurized and subatmospheric pressure sampling).2
1.2 This test method is applicable to specific VOCs that have been determined to be stable when stored in canisters. Numerous compounds, many of which are chlorinated VOCs, have been successfully tested for storage stability in pressurized canisters (1-4).3 Documentation is also available demonstrating stability of VOCs in subatmospheric pressure canisters. Information on storage stability is available for many polar compounds as well (5-7).
1.3 The procedure for collecting the sample involves the use of inlet lines, air filters, flow rate regulators for obtaining time-integrated samples, and in the case of pressurized samples, an air pump. Typical long-term fixed location canister samplers have been designed to automatically start and stop the sample collection process using electronically actuated valves and timers (8-10). Temporary or short-term canister samplers may require the user to manually start and stop sample collection. A weatherproof shelter may be required if the sampler is used outdoors. For the purposes of this test method, refer to Practice D1357 for practices and plannin...
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Designation: D5466 − 15
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Volatile Organic Compounds in
1
Atmospheres (Canister Sampling Methodology)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5466; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope collection. A weatherproof shelter may be required if the
sampler is used outdoors. For the purposes of this test method,
1.1 This standard describes a procedure for sampling and
refer to Practice D1357 for practices and planning ambient
analysis of selected volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in
sampling events.
ambient, indoor, and workplace atmospheres. The test method
isbasedonthecollectionofwholeairsamplesinstainlesssteel 1.4 The organic compounds that have been successfully
canisters with specially treated (passivated) interior surfaces. measured at single-digit parts-per-billion by volume (ppbv)
For sample analysis, a portion of the sample is subsequently levels with this test method are listed in Table 1. The test
removed from the canister and the collected VOCs are selec- method is applicable to VOC concentrations ranging from the
tively concentrated by adsorption or condensation onto a trap, detection limit to approximately 300 ppbv. Above this
subsequently released by thermal desorption, separated by gas concentration, smaller sample aliquots of sample gas may be
chromatography, and measured by a mass spectrometric detec- analyzed or samples can be diluted with dry ultra-high-purity
tor or other detector(s). This test method describes procedures nitrogen or air.
for sampling into canisters to final pressures both above and
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
below atmospheric pressure (respectively referred to as pres-
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
2
surized and subatmospheric pressure sampling).
standard.
1.2 This test method is applicable to specific VOCs that
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
have been determined to be stable when stored in canisters.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Numerous compounds, many of which are chlorinated VOCs,
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
have been successfully tested for storage stability in pressur-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3
ized canisters (1-4). Documentation is also available demon-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Safety practices
strating stability of VOCs in subatmospheric pressure canis-
should be part of the user’s SOP manual.
ters. Information on storage stability is available for many
polar compounds as well (5-7).
2. Referenced Documents
4
1.3 Theprocedureforcollectingthesampleinvolvestheuse
2.1 ASTM Standards:
of inlet lines, air filters, flow rate regulators for obtaining
D1356Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of
time-integrated samples, and in the case of pressurized
Atmospheres
samples,anairpump.Typicallong-termfixedlocationcanister
D1357Practice for Planning the Sampling of the Ambient
samplershavebeendesignedtoautomaticallystartandstopthe
Atmosphere
sample collection process using electronically actuated valves
E355PracticeforGasChromatographyTermsandRelation-
and timers (8-10). Temporary or short-term canister samplers
ships
5
may require the user to manually start and stop sample
2.2 EPA Documents:
EPA600/R-96/010bCompendiumofMethodsfortheDeter-
mination to Toxic Organic Compounds in Ambient Air,
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D22 on Air
Method TO-14A
Quality and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.05 on Indoor Air.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2015. Published June 2016. Originally
approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D5466–01 (2007).
4
DOI: 10.1520/D5466-15. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
2
This test method is based on EPA Compendium Method TO-14, “The contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Determination of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) in Ambient Air Using Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
SUMMAPassivated Canister Sampling and Gas ChromatographicAnalysis,” May the ASTM website.
5
1988. Produced by United States Environmental ProtectionAgency (EPA).Available
3
Theboldfacenumbersinparenthesesrefertothelistofreferencesattheendof from U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Technical Information Service, Port Royal
the standard. Road, Springfield, VA 22161, http://www.cpa.gov/ttn/amtic/airtox.html.
Copyright © AS
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D5466 − 01 (Reapproved 2007) D5466 − 15
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Volatile Organic ChemicalsCompounds in
1
Atmospheres (Canister Sampling Methodology)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5466; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method standard describes a procedure for sampling and analysis of selected volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
in ambient, indoor, orand workplace atmospheres. The test method is based on the collection of whole air samples in stainless steel
canisters with specially treated (passivated) interior surfaces. For sample analysis, a portion of the sample is subsequently removed
from the canister and the collected VOCs are selectively concentrated by adsorption or condensation onto a trap, subsequently
released by thermal desorption, separated by gas chromatography, and measured by a mass spectrometric detector or other
detector(s). This test method describes procedures for sampling into canisters to final pressures both above and below atmospheric
2
pressure (respectively referred to as pressurized and subatmospheric pressure sampling).
1.2 This test method is applicable to specific VOCs that have been tested and determined to be stable when stored in canisters.
Numerous compounds, many of which are chlorinated VOCs, have been successfully tested for storage stability in pressurized
3
canisters (1-4). Although not as extensive, documentation Documentation is also available demonstrating stability of VOCs in
subatmospheric pressure canisters. While initial studies were concentrated on non-polar VOCs, information on storage stability has
been extended to Information on storage stability is available for many polar compounds as well (5-7).
1.3 The procedure for collecting the sample involves the use of inlet lines and lines, air filters, flow rate regulators for obtaining
time-integrated samples, and in the case of pressurized samples, an air pump. Canister Typical long-term fixed location canister
samplers have been designed to automatically start and stop the sample collection process using electronically actuated valves and
timers (8-10). Temporary or short-term canister samplers may require the user to manually start and stop sample collection. A
weatherproof shelter is may be required if the sampler is to be usedused outdoors. For the purposes of this test method, refer to
Practice D1357 outside. for practices and planning ambient sampling events.
1.4 The organic compounds that have been successfully measured at single-digit parts-per-billion by volume (ppbv) levels with
this test method are listed in Table 1. ThisThe test method is applicable to VOC concentrations ranging from the detection limit
to approximately 300 ppbv. Above this concentration, samples require dilution smaller sample aliquots of sample gas may be
analyzed or samples can be diluted with dry ultra-high-purity nitrogen or air.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. Safety practices should be part of the user’s SOP manual.
2. Referenced Documents
4
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres
D1357 Practice for Planning the Sampling of the Ambient Atmosphere
E260 Practice for Packed Column Gas Chromatography
E355 Practice for Gas Chromatography Terms and Relationships
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D22 on Air Quality and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.05 on Indoor Air.
Current edition approved April 1, 2007Dec. 1, 2015. Published June 2007June 2016. Originally approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 20012007 as
D5466 – 01.D5466 – 01 (2007). DOI: 10.1520/D5466-01R07.10.1520/D5466-15.
2
This test method is based on EPA Compendium Method TO-14, “The Determination of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) in Ambient Air Using SUMMA Passivated
Canister Sampling and Gas Chromatographic Analysis,” May 19
...
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