ASTM C283-13
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Resistance of Porcelain Enameled Utensils to Boiling Acid
Standard Test Methods for Resistance of Porcelain Enameled Utensils to Boiling Acid
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
2.1 Test Method A provides the producers of porcelain enameled utensils with a quality control method of testing for resistance to boiling acid for parts randomly selected from the production line.
2.2 Test Method B provides the supplier of porcelain enamel raw materials with a laboratory method for testing the resistance of different coatings (intended for use on utensils) to boiling acid.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the resistance of porcelain enamel coatings used on utensils to attack by boiling acid.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: C283 − 13
Standard Test Methods for
1
Resistance of Porcelain Enameled Utensils to Boiling Acid
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C283; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
The described method furnishes a means of quantitatively testing and grading glossy porcelain
enamels with respect to their resistance to boiling citric acid at room temperature. Citric acid has been
selected because it is the most common and one of the more severe of the food acids in its action on
conventional porcelain enamels.
1. Scope TEST METHOD A
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the
3. Apparatus
resistance of porcelain enamel coatings used on utensils to
3.1 Hot Plate, capable of maintaining over its entire surface
attack by boiling acid.
a uniform temperature that will keep the test solution at a
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
rolling boil (see section 7.5). The heating element should
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
occupy an area at least 8 in. (203 mm) in diameter.
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
3.2 Chemical Glassware—Beakers, a desiccator, and a
and are not considered standard.
500-mL graduated cylinder.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.3 Drier, capable of maintaining a temperature of at least
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
220°F (104°C).
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.4 Boiling Acid Resistance Apparatus, as shown in Fig. 1.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Three sets will be required.
1
3.5 Cutting Equipment, suitable for cutting a 3 ⁄4-in. (82-
2. Significance and Use
mm) diameter plate from the bottom of a porcelain-enameled
2.1 Test Method A provides the producers of porcelain
steel utensil, as follows:
enameled utensils with a quality control method of testing for
3.5.1 Punch and Die (Fig. 2),
resistance to boiling acid for parts randomly selected from the
3.5.2 Shears,
production line.
3.5.3 Abrasive Cut-off Wheel,
2.2 Test Method B provides the supplier of porcelain
3.5.4 Cutting Torch, or
enamel raw materials with a laboratory method for testing the 3.5.5 Any Other Suitable Equipment
resistance of different coatings (intended for use on utensils) to
3.6 Analytical Balance, having a sensitivity of 0.0001 g.
boiling acid.
4. Reagent
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B08 on
4.1 The test solution shall contain6gofACS grade citric
Metallic and Inorganic Coatings and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
acid per 94 g of distilled water and shall be prepared fresh for
B08.12 on Materials for Porcelain Enamel and Ceramic-Metal Systems.
each test.
CurrenteditionapprovedMay1,2013.PublishedJuly2013.Originallyapproved
in 1951. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as C283 – 97 (2008). DOI:
5. Test Specimens
10.1520/C0283-13.
Test Method A is based on the boiling acid resistance test developed by the
1
5.1 The test specimens shall consist of three plates, 3 ⁄4 in.
Enameled Utensil Manufacturers’ Council; see Section 16 of Commercial Standard
(82 mm) in diameter, cut from the bottoms of three identical
CS100-47, Porcelain Enameled Steel Utensils, United States Department of Com-
merce. utensils.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C283 − 13
in. mm in. mm in. mm in. mm
1 1 1
⁄16 1.6 1 ⁄4 32 2.5 64 4 ⁄16 103
1 25 1 1
⁄8 3.2 1 ⁄32 45 3 ⁄4 82 4 ⁄8 105
1 1 3 1
⁄4 6.4 2 ⁄4 57 3 ⁄8 86 5 ⁄2 140
3
⁄8 9.5 2.31 59 4 102 14 356
(a) Assembly (b) Details
FIG. 1 Boiling-Acid Resistance Apparatus
NOTE 1—“Identical utensils” signifies utensils of the same size, shape,
7.4 Place the heat-resistant gasket above the hole in the
and finish.
base-plate of the boiling-acid resistance apparatus (Fig. 1).
Place the test specimen over the gasket, with the surface from
6. Preparation of Test Specimens
the inside of the utensil up. Next, place a rubber jar ring on the
6.1 After the test specimens have been cut from the utensils,
test specimen. This serves as a seal between the test specimen
file their edges with a triangular file to remove any loose
and the heat-resistant glass tube, which shall be placed over it.
enamel chips.
Place another rubber jar ring on top of the glass tube, set the
6.2 Thoroughly wash the test specimens with soap and cover-plate
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C283 − 97 (Reapproved 2008) C283 − 13
Standard Test Methods for
Resistance of Porcelain Enameled Utensils to Boiling
1
Acid
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C283; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
The described method furnishes a means of quantitatively testing and grading glossy porcelain
enamels with respect to their resistance to boiling citric acid at room temperature. Citric acid has been
selected because it is the most common and one of the more severe of the food acids in its action on
conventional porcelain enamels.
1. Scope
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the resistance of porcelain enamel coatings used on utensils to attack by
boiling acid.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Significance and Use
2.1 Test Method A provides the producers of porcelain enameled utensils with a quality control method of testing for resistance
to boiling acid for parts randomly selected from the production line.
2.2 Test Method B provides the supplier of porcelain enamel raw materials with a laboratory method for testing the resistance
of different coatings (intended for use on utensils) to boiling acid.
TEST METHOD A
3. Apparatus
3.1 Hot Plate, capable of maintaining over its entire surface a uniform temperature that will keep the test solution at a rolling
boil (see section 7.5). The heating element should occupy an area at least 8 in. (203 mm) in diameter.
3.2 Chemical Glassware—Beakers, a desiccator, and a 500-mL graduated cylinder.
3.3 Drier, capable of maintaining a temperature of at least 220°F (104°C).
3.4 Boiling Acid Resistance Apparatus, as shown in Fig. 1. Three sets will be required.
1
3.5 Cutting Equipment, suitable for cutting a 3 ⁄4-in. (82-mm) diameter plate from the bottom of a porcelain-enameled steel
utensil, as follows:
3.5.1 Punch and Die (Fig. 2),
3.5.2 Shears,
3.5.3 Abrasive Cut-off Wheel,
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B08 on Metallic and Inorganic Coatings and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B08.12
on Materials for Porcelain Enamel and Ceramic-Metal Systems.
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2008May 1, 2013. Published September 2008July 2013. Originally approved in 1951. Last previous edition approved in 20022008 as
C283 – 97 (2008). (2002). DOI: 10.1520/C0283-97R08.10.1520/C0283-13.
Test Method A is based on the boiling acid resistance test developed by the Enameled Utensil Manufacturers’ Council; see Section 16 of Commercial Standard CS100-47,
Porcelain Enameled Steel Utensils, United States Department of Commerce.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C283 − 13
in. mm in. mm in. mm in. mm
1 1 1
⁄16 1.6 1 ⁄4 32 2.5 64 4 ⁄16 103
1 25 1 1
⁄8 3.2 1 ⁄32 45 3 ⁄4 82 4 ⁄8 105
1 1 3 1
⁄4 6.4 2 ⁄4 57 3 ⁄8 86 5 ⁄2 140
3
⁄8 9.5 2.31 59 4 102 14 356
(a) Assembly (b) Details
3.5.4 Cutting Torch, or
3.5.5 Any Other Suitable Equipment
3.6 Analytical Balance, having a sensitivity of 0.0001 g.
4. Reagent
4.1 The test solution shall contain 6 g of ACS grade citric acid per 94 g of distilled water and shall be prepared fresh for each
test.
5. Test Specimens
1
5.1 The test specimens shall consist of three plates, 3 ⁄4 in. (82 mm) in diameter, cut from the bottoms of three identical utensils.
NOTE 1—“Identical utensils” signifies utensils of the same size, shape, and finish.
6. Preparation of Test Specimens
6.1 After the test specimens have been cut from the utensils, file their edges with a triangular file to remove any loose enamel
chips.
6.2 Thoroughly wash the test specimens with soap and water to remove any grease picked up in handling. Rinse with distilled
water. Place the specimens in a drier at 220°F (104°
...
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