ASTM D4953-06
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Gasoline and Gasoline-Oxygenate Blends (Dry Method)
Standard Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Gasoline and Gasoline-Oxygenate Blends (Dry Method)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Vapor pressure is an important physical property of liquid spark-ignition engine fuels. It provides an indication of how a fuel will perform under different operating conditions. For example, vapor pressure is a factor in determining whether a fuel will cause vapor lock at high ambient temperature or at high altitude, or will provide easy starting at low ambient temperature.
Petroleum product specifications generally include vapor pressure limits to ensure products of suitable volatility performance.
Note 3—Vapor pressure of fuels is regulated by various government agencies.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers and is applicable to gasolines and gasoline-oxygenate blends with a vapor pressure range from 35 to 100 kPa (5 to 15 psi) (see Note 2). This test method, a modification of Test Method D 323 (Reid Method), provides two procedures to determine the vapor pressure (Note 1) of gasoline and gasoline-oxygenate blends. Note 0Because the external atmospheric pressure is counteracted by the atmospheric pressure initially present in the air chamber, this vapor pressure is an absolute pressure at 37.8°C (100°F) in kilopascals (pounds-force per square inch). This vapor pressure differs from the true vapor pressure of the sample due to some small vaporization of the sample and air in the confined space.Note 0
Vapor pressure of gasoline or gasoline-oxygenate blends below 35 kPa (5 psi) or greater than 100 kPa (15 psi) can be determined with this test method but the precision and bias (Section ) do not apply. For materials with a vapor pressure greater than 100 kPa (15 psi), use a 0 to 200 kPa (0 to 30 psi) gauge as specified in the annex of Test Method D 323.
1.2 Some gasoline-oxygenate blends may show a haze when cooled to 0 to 1°C. If a haze is observed in 9.4, it shall be indicated in the reporting of results. The precision and bias statements for hazy samples have not been determined (see Note 7).
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warnings are given in 7.5, 8.4.1, 8.5.1, 9.1, A1.1, and A1.1.3.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation: D4953 − 06
StandardTest Method for
Vapor Pressure of Gasoline and Gasoline-Oxygenate Blends
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(Dry Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4953; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
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1.1 This test method covers and is applicable to gasolines 2.1 ASTM Standards:
and gasoline-oxygenate blends with a vapor pressure range D323 TestMethodforVaporPressureofPetroleumProducts
from35to100kPa(5 to 15 psi) (seeNote 2).This test method, (Reid Method)
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
a modification of Test Method D323 (Reid Method), provides
two procedures to determine the vapor pressure (Note 1)of Petroleum Products
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum, Petroleum
gasoline and gasoline-oxygenate blends.
Products, and Lubricants
NOTE 1—Because the external atmospheric pressure is counteracted by
D5190 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Prod-
the atmospheric pressure initially present in the air chamber, this vapor
ucts (Automatic Method)
pressure is an absolute pressure at 37.8°C (100°F) in kilopascals (pounds-
force per square inch). This vapor pressure differs from the true vapor D5191 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Prod-
pressure of the sample due to some small vaporization of the sample and
ucts (Mini Method)
air in the confined space.
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
NOTE 2—Vapor pressure of gasoline or gasoline-oxygenate blends
below 35 kPa (5 psi) or greater than 100 kPa (15 psi) can be determined
3. Terminology
with this test method but the precision and bias (Section 11) do not apply.
3.1 Definitions:
For materials with a vapor pressure greater than 100 kPa (15 psi), use a 0
to 200 kPa (0 to 30 psi) gauge as specified in the annex of Test Method
3.1.1 Bourdon spring gauge, n—pressure measuring device
D323.
that employs a bourdon tube connected to an indicator.
1.2 Somegasoline-oxygenateblendsmayshowahazewhen
3.1.2 Bourdon tube, n—flattened metal tube bent to a curve
cooled to 0 to 1°C. If a haze is observed in 9.4, it shall be
that straightens under internal pressure.
indicated in the reporting of results. The precision and bias
3.1.3 dry method, n—in vapor pressure methods, a specific
statements for hazy samples have not been determined (see
empirical test method (D4953) for measuring the vapor pres-
Note 7).
sure of gasoline and other volatile products in which contact of
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
the test specimen with water is not allowed.
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
3.1.4 dry vapor pressure equivalent (DVPE), n—value cal-
only.
culated by a defined correlation equation, that is expected to be
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
comparable to the vapor pressure value obtained by Test
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Method D4953, Procedure A.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1.5 gasoline-oxygenate blend, n—spark-ignition engine
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
fuel consisting primarily of gasoline with one or more oxygen-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warnings
ates.
are given in 7.5, 8.4.1, 8.5.1, 9.1, A1.1, and A1.1.3.
3.1.6 oxygenate, n—oxygen-containing ashless organic
compound, such as an alcohol or ether, which may be used as
a fuel or fuel supplement. D4175
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This test method is under the jurisdiction of Committee D02 on Petroleum
Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.08 on
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Volatility. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2006. Published August 2006. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as D4953–99a. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/D4953-06. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D4953 − 06
3.1.7 vapor pressure, n—pressure exerted by the vapor of a fuels containing oxygenates where the Water Displacement
liquid when in equilibrium with the liquid D4175 Procedure section (10.3.1.8) of D4057 must not be used.
3.2 Abbreviations: 7.4 Sample Container Size:
3.2.1 DVPE, n—dry vapor
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