ASTM C774-88(2016)

Standard Test Method for Yield Strength of Enameling Steels After Straining and Firing

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 In the manufacture of porcelain enameled ware, sheet steel is subjected to forming operations and subsequently to firing of the enamel at temperatures, typically, of 1400 to 1550°F (760 to 844°C). Some steels used for porcelain enameling are subject to grain growth in critically strained areas resulting in loss of strength.  
5.2 This may lead to easy deformation of the steel and damage to the porcelain enamel coating.  
5.3 This test method may be correlated with transit or use tests to evaluate the suitability of steel for porcelain enameled ware.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of the yield strength of steel specimens after simulated forming and enamel firing operations.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Oct-2016
• ICS: 25.220.50 - Enamels
• Technical Committee: B08 - Metallic and Inorganic Coatings
• Drafting Committee: B08.12 - Materials for Porcelain Enamel and Ceramic-Metal Systems

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: C774 − 88 (Reapproved 2016)
Standard Test Method for
Yield Strength of Enameling Steels After Straining and
Firing
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C774; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
The strength after strain and fire of a steel is a significant factor in the strength of the final enameled
ware. This test provides a method to quantify the yield strength of enamel steels after straining and
firing by straining duplicate test plates to five different strain levels, exposing to a simulated enamel
fire, and measuring the yield stress with a standardized tensile pull test.
1. Scope 4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 Representative sheet-steel specimens are selected,
1.1 This test method covers determination of the yield
strained in tension to simulate forming, heat treated to simulate
strength of steel specimens after simulated forming and enamel
enamel firing, and tension tested for determination of yield
firing operations.
strength.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for 5. Significance and Use
information only.
5.1 In the manufacture of porcelain enameled ware, sheet
steel is subjected to forming operations and subsequently to
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the firing of the enamel at temperatures, typically, of 1400 to
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- 1550°F (760 to 844°C). Some steels used for porcelain
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- enameling are subject to grain growth in critically strained
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. areas resulting in loss of strength.
5.2 This may lead to easy deformation of the steel and
2. Referenced Documents
damage to the porcelain enamel coating.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.3 This test method may be correlated with transit or use
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
tests to evaluate the suitability of steel for porcelain enameled
of Steel Products
ware.
E8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
6. Apparatus
3. Definition
6.1 Shear for cutting blanks.
6.2 Equipment for cutting or machining tension specimens.
3.1 quarter lines—imaginary lines parallel to the direction
of rolling, positioned at a distance from the sheet mill edge
6.3 Gage, 2-in. (50.8-mm), for marking tension specimens.
equal to one quarter of the sheet width.
6.4 Tension-Testing Equipment, as described in Test Meth-
ods and Definitions A370.
6.5 Specimen-Supporting Rack, slotted to support speci-
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee B08 on Metallic
mens on edge spaced 1 in. (25.4 mm) apart.
and Inorganic Coatingsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B08.12 on
Materials for Porcelain Enamel and Ceramic-Metal Systems.
6.6 Furnace, capable of heating the test specimens and their
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2016. Published November 2016. Originally
ɛ1
supporting rack to the firing temperature in 2 min.
approved in 1974. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as C774 – 88(2011) .
DOI: 10.1520/C0774-88R16.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or 7. Reagents and Materials
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
7.1 Sheet Steel, sufficient in size to provide the test
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. specimen, described in Section 8.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-295
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: C774 − 88 (Reapproved 2011) C774 − 88 (Reapproved 2016)
Standard Test Method for
Yield Strength of Enameling Steels After Straining and
Firing
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C774; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
ε NOTE—Test Method was corrected editorially in 2011
INTRODUCTION
The strength after strain and fire of a steel is a significant factor in the strength of the final enameled
ware. This test provides a method to quantify the yield strength of enamel steels after straining and
firing by straining duplicate test plates to five different strain levels, exposing to a simulated enamel
fire, and measuring the yield stress with a standardized tensile pull test.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers determination of the yield strength of steel specimens after simulated forming and enamel firing
operations.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
E8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
3. Definition
3.1 quarter lines—imaginary lines parallel to the direction of rolling, positioned at a distance from the sheet mill edge equal
to one quarter of the sheet width.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 Representative sheet-steel specimens are selected, strained in tension to simulate forming, heat treated to simulate enamel
firing, and tension tested for determination of yield strength.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 In the manufacture of porcelain enameled ware, sheet steel is subjected to forming operations and subsequently to firing of
the enamel at temperatures, typically, of 1400 to 1550°F (760 to 844°C). Some steels used for porcelain enameling are subject to
grain growth in critically strained areas resulting in loss of strength.
5.2 This may lead to easy deformation of the steel and damage to the porcelain enamel coating.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B08 on Metallic and Inorganic Coatingsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B08.12 on
Materials for Porcelain Enamel and Ceramic-Metal Systems.
Current edition approved April 1, 2011Nov. 1, 2016. Published April 2011November 2016. Originally approved in 1974. Last previous edition approved in 20062011 as
ɛ1
C774 – 88(2011) (2006). . DOI: 10.1520/C0774-88R11E01.10.1520/C0774-88R16.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
C774 − 88 (2016)
5.3 This test method may be correlated with transit or use tests to evaluate the suitability of steel for porcelain enameled ware.
6. Apparatus
6.1 Shear for cutting blanks.
6.2 Equipment for cutting or machining tension specimens.
6.3 Gage, 2-in. (50.8-mm), for marking tension specimens.
6.4 Tension-Testing Equipment, as described in Test Methods and Definitions A370.
6.5 Specimen-Supporting Rack, slotted to support specimens on edge spac
...