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ASTM D3939-03

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Snagging Resistance of Fabrics (Mace)

Standard Test Method for Snagging Resistance of Fabrics (Mace)

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1.1 This test method determines the snagging resistance of a fabric.
1.2 Studies of fabric snagging have shown that this test method is suitable for a range of woven and knitted fabrics made from textured or untextured filament yarns or spun yarns or combinations of these yarns., This test method is not suitable for (1) open construction fabrics (such as a net) because the points on the mace will snag the felt pad rather than the specimen, (2) very heavy or very stiff fabrics that cannot be made to fit tightly on the drum and felt pad, and ( 3) tufted or nonwoven fabrics because the apparatus is designed for woven and knitted fabrics.
1.3 The values stated in either acceptable metric units or in other units shall be regarded separately as the standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other, without combining values in any way. In case of referee decisions, the metric units will prevail.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 7.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Sep-2003
ICS
59.080.30 - Textile fabrics
Technical Committee
D13 - Textiles
Drafting Committee
D13.59 - Fabric Physical Test Methods A
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D3939-97a - Standard Test Method for Snagging Resistance of Fabrics (Mace Test Method)
Effective Date
01-Oct-2003
Replaced By
ASTM D3939-03(2004) - Standard Test Method for Snagging Resistance of Fabrics (Mace)
Effective Date
01-Oct-2003
Referred By
ASTM D5362-13(2018) - Standard Test Method for Snagging Resistance of Fabrics (Bean Bag)
Effective Date
01-Oct-2003

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ASTM D3939-03 - Standard Test Method for Snagging Resistance of Fabrics (Mace)
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D 3939 – 03
Standard Test Method for
1
Snagging Resistance of Fabrics (Mace)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3939; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D 1335 Test Method for Tuft Bind of Pile Floor Coverings
D 1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing Textiles
1.1 This test method determines the snagging resistance of a
D 2724 Test Methods for Bonded, Fused, and Laminated
fabric.
Apparel Fabrics
1.2 Studies of fabric snagging have shown that this test
D 3136 Terminology Relating to Care Labeling for Apparel,
method is suitable for a range of woven and knitted fabrics
Textile, Home Furnishing, and Leather Products
made from textured or untextured filament yarns or spun yarns
2,3
D 4467 Practice for Interlaboratory Testing of a Textile Test
or combinations of these yarns. This test method is not
Method that Produces Non-Normally Distributed Data
suitable for (1) open construction fabrics (such as a net)
D 4850 Terminology Relating to Fabric
because the points on the mace will snag the felt pad rather
D 5362 Test Method for Snagging Resistance of Fabrics
than the specimen, (2) very heavy or very stiff fabrics that
(Bean Bag)
cannot be made to fit tightly on the drum and felt pad, and (3)
5
2.2 AATCC Standards:
tufted or nonwoven fabrics because the apparatus is designed
65 Test Method for Snag Resistance of Women’s Nylon
for woven and knitted fabrics.
Hosiery (see Note 1)
1.3 The values stated in either acceptable metric units or in
135 Test Method for Dimensional Changes in Automatic
other units shall be regarded separately as the standard. The
Home Laundering of Woven and Knit Fabrics
values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents;
therefore, each system must be used independently of the other,
NOTE 1—In 1988, the AATCC voted to withdraw this test method from
without combining values in any way. In case of referee
its technical manual; however, the ASTM task group on fabric snagging
decided it should be listed as an alternative for testing open construction
decisions, the metric units will prevail.
fabrics.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3. Terminology
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1 For definitions of textile terms used in this test method:
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
(color contrast, in textiles; distortion, in fabrics; protrusion, in
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precau-
fabrics; snag, in fabrics; snagging resistance, in fabrics), refer
tionary statements are given in Section 7.
to Terminology D 4850.
2. Referenced Documents 3.2 For definitions of other textile terms used in this test
4 method, refer to Terminology D 123.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 A tubular specimen is placed on a cylindrical drum.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on Textiles Then a mace (spiked ball) bounces randomly against the
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.59 on Fabric Test Methods,
rotating specimen. Snags are produced to a degree affected by
General.
a variety of factors. The degree of fabric snagging is then
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2003. Published November 2003. Originally
evaluated by comparison of the tested specimens with visual
approved in 1980. Last previous edition approved in 1997 as D 3939 – 97a.
2
Finnigan, J. A., “Laboratory Prediction of the Tendency of a Fabric to Snag
standards that may be either fabrics or photographs of fabrics.
During Wear,” Textile Institute and Industry, Vol 10, No. 6, 1972, pp. 164–167.
3
Leung, P., and Hershkowitz, R., “Snag- and Fuzz-Resistant Double Knits via
Fabric Construction,” Textile Research Journal, Vol 45, No. 2, 1975, pp. 93–102.
4
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
5
Standardsvolume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists, P.O.
the ASTM website. Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3939–03
The observed resistance to snagging is reported on a scale snags. See Section 13 for a description of color contrast,
ranging from 5 (no or
...

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Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics (Oscillatory Cylinder Method)

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5.1 The measurement of the resistance to abrasion of textile and other materials is very complex. The resistance to abrasion is affected by many factors, such as the inherent mechanical properties of the fibers; the dimensions of the fibers; the structure of the yarns; the construction of the fabrics; and the type, kind, and amount of finishing material added to the fibers, yarns, or fabric.  
5.2 The resistance to abrasion is also greatly affected by the conditions of the tests, such as the nature of abradant; variable action of the abradant over the area of specimen abraded, the tension of the specimen, the pressure between the specimen and abradant, and the dimensional changes in the specimen.  
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ASTM D4966-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics (Martindale Abrasion Tester Method)

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5.1 Acceptance Testing—this test method is not considered satisfactory for acceptance testing of commercial shipments of fabric. The between-laboratory precision of this test method is poor and, because of the nature of abrasion testing itself, technicians frequently fail to obtain results in agreement on the same type of testing instrument, both within and between laboratories. Although this test method is not recommended for acceptance testing, it is useful because it is used widely, especially outside the United States.  
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1.1 This test method covers the determination of the abrasion resistance of textile fabrics using the Martindale abrasion tester. The method is generally applicable to knit, woven, and nonwoven fabrics; however, material thickness may limit suitability for testing due to specimen holder capacity.  
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Standard Test Method for Pilling Resistance and Other Related Surface Changes of Textile Fabrics: Martindale Tester

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5.1 Acceptance Testing—This method of testing fabrics resistance to pilling is not recommended for acceptance testing. If it is used for acceptance testing, it should be used with caution because interlaboratory data are not available. In some cases the purchaser or supplier may have to test a commercial shipment of one or more specific materials by the best available method even though the method has not been recommended for acceptance testing. Although this test method is not recommended for acceptance testing, it is useful because it is used widely outside the United States.  
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Note 1: For other methods, if testing the pilling resistance of textiles, refer to Test Methods D3511/D3511M, D3512/D3512M, and D3514.  
1.2 This test method is generally applicable to knit, woven, and nonwoven fabrics; however, material thickness may limit suitability for testing due to specimen holder capacity.  
1.3 The fabric may be laundered or dry cleaned before testing as agreed upon among interested parties.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
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    English language
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  • Standard
    5 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off