ASTM D5824-98

Standard Test Method for Determining Resistance to Delamination of Adhesive Bonds in Overlay-Wood Core Laminates Exposed to Heat and Water

SCOPE
1.1 This test method provides a procedure to determine the quality of bond between an overlay and a wood core in an adhesively bonded laminate. The quality of bond is determined by measuring the resistance to delamination of the adhesively bonded laminate when tested under specific conditions of preparation, conditioning, and testing. Such products include, but are not limited to, window and door components, such as stiles and rails, and other overlaid panels. Typical wood-based cores are finger-jointed lumber, particleboard, oriented strand board, and hardboard. Typical overlays would be veneer, high-pressure laminate, high-density polyethylene, and fiberglass-reinforced plastic.  
1.2 Adhesive bond performance as measured by resistance to delamination in this test method is suitable for use in adhesive product development, manufacturing quality control, and monitoring bonding processes.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Mar-1998
• Technical Committee: D14 - Adhesives
• Drafting Committee: D14.30 - Wood Adhesives

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM D5824-98(2003) - Standard Test Method for Determining Resistance to Delamination of Adhesive Bonds in Overlay-Wood Core Laminates Exposed to Heat and Water
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2003

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D 5824 – 98
Standard Test Method for
Determining Resistance to Delamination of Adhesive Bonds
in Overlay-Wood Core Laminates Exposed to Heat and
Water
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5824; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Failure in Adhesive Bonded Joints
E 6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Test-
1.1 This test method provides a procedure to determine the
ing
quality of bond between an overlay and a wood core in an
E 41 Terminology Relating to Conditioning
adhesively bonded laminate. The quality of bond is determined
E 177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
by measuring the resistance to delamination of the adhesively
ASTM Test Methods
bonded laminate when tested under specific conditions of
E 691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
preparation, conditioning, and testing. Such products include,
,
5 6
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
but are not limited to, window and door components, such as
stiles and rails, and other overlaid panels. Typical wood-based
3. Terminology
cores are finger-jointed lumber, particleboard, oriented strand
3.1 Definitions—Certain terms in this test method are de-
board, and hardboard. Typical overlays would be veneer,
fined in Terminologies D 907, E 6, and E 41.
high-pressure laminate, high-density polyethylene, and
3.1.1 delamination, n—the separation of layers in a lami-
fiberglass-reinforced plastic.
nate because of failure of the adhesive, either in the adhesive
1.2 Adhesive bond performance as measured by resistance
itself or at the interface between the adhesive and the adherend.
to delamination in this test method is suitable for use in
(See Terminology D 907.)
adhesive product development, manufacturing quality control,
3.1.2 overlay, n—a uniform layer of material, usually in the
and monitoring bonding processes.
form of a sheet, adhesively bonded to an adherend with the
1.3 This test method does not provide guidance for deter-
purpose of improving the appearance or physical properties of
mining bond line performance for plywood products.
the laminate.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
as standard.
3.2.1 edge, n—in an adhesively bonded laminate, the di-
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
mension along its length [and parallel to the grain] where the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
overlay is bonded to the core.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.2.2 end, n—in an adhesively bonded laminate, the dimen-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
sion which is perpendicular to the length of the laminate where
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
the overlay is bonded to the core.
2. Referenced Documents
4. Significance and Use
2.1 ASTM Standards:
2 4.1 This test method measures quantitatively the effects of
D 907 Terminology of Adhesives
water soaking and drying, and their associated swelling and
D 4442 Test Methods for Direct Moisture Content Measure-
3 shrinking stresses on adhesive bonds in overlay-laminated
ment of Wood and Wood-Based Materials
assemblies.
D 5266 Practice for Estimating the Percentage of Wood
4.2 Adhesive bond performance is based on the ability of
the adhesive and adhesive bonds to resist delamination during
accelerated exposure to water and heat.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-14 on
Adhesives and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D14.30 on Wood
Adhesives.
Current edition approved March 10, 1998. Published March 1999. Originally Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01.
published as D 5824–95. Last previous edition D 5824–95. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
2 6
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.06. Supporting data are available from ASTM Headquarters. Request RR:D14-
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.10. 1006.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
D5824–98
4.3 Resistance to delamination when subjected to environ- (13 mm) in thickness, so that they are free from defects such as
mental factors is critical to the performance of the laminated knots, cracks, rough surfaces, or any unusual amount of
assembly in service. discoloration. The species and type of veneer and composition
4.4 This test method is to be used to determine the quality of of the wood core are to be agreed upon between the purchaser
adhesive bonds in overlay-wood core laminates after the and the manufacturer of the adhesive. As an alternative to
adhesive has been certified by a specification appropriate for veneer, specific overlays can be used as agreed upon between
the product, class, and end use. the purchaser and the adhesive manufacturer. Surface the core
to a thickness tolerance of 60.005 in. (0.13 mm) (see Table 1).
5. Apparatus
If finger-jointed/edge-bonded core stock is used, it must remain
5.1 Oven(s)—Forced-air oven capable of maintaining 170
intact without delamination during the test cycle. Both the
6 5°F (77 6 3°C), with sufficient air circulation to ensure that
veneer and the wood-based core are to be 61 % of the
the prescribed drying temperature is uniformly maintained
moisture content recommended by the manufacture of the
when the oven is fully loaded and the air flow is parallel to the
adhesive. In the absence of such a recommendation, the
faces of the specimens. A mechanism is to be provided for
moisture content is to be from 10 to 12 %, based on oven-dry
moisture to be removed from the chamber during drying of the
weight as determined on representative samples in accordance
specimens.
with Method A of Test Methods D 4442. Cut the veneer and
5.1.1 Use an oven to accommodate a sufficient number of
wood core to a suitable size and grain orientation in order to
test specimens and to provide for at least 3-in. (76-mm)
build a panel with the grain of the veneer parallel to the grain
separation between the test specimens so that the drying
of the wood core. A size that has been found to be convenient
temperature is uniformly maintained.
is shown in Fig. 1.
5.2 Vacuum-Pressure Vessel—Autoclave or similar vessel
7.2 Follow the adhesive manufacturer’s instructions for
capable of withstanding 80-psi (562-kPa) pressure, equipped
conditions and procedures for preparing the adhesive and
with a pump or similar device capable of drawing a vacuum of
applying it to the wood core, as well as for assembling,
25 in. Hg (84.4 kPa). Provide a system so that pressure is
pressing, and curing the panel.
maintained at 75 psi (517 kPa).
7.3 After assembly, condition the panels for a period of
5.2.1 Use a vessel so that all the specimens are at least 2 in.
seven days (or until the panels reach equilibrium) at a relative
(51 mm) below the water level during the complete cycle.
humidity of 50 6 2 % and a temperature of 73.4 6 2°F (23 6
1°C), or condition them in accordance with a specific recom-
6. Test Specimens
mendation by the adhesive manufacturer.
6.1 Cut laboratory specimens from prepared test panels (see
Fig. 1) as described in Sections 7 and 8 to the form and
8. Preparation of Specimens
dimensions shown in Fig. 2 and Table 1.
8.1 Laboratory Specimens:
6.2 Cut field specimens from test panels (see Fig. 3) to the
8.1.1 Prepare the test panels as described in Section 7.
form and dimensions shown in Fig. 2 and Table 1. When the
8.1.2 Prepare the test panels on the sides to a uniform width
nominal width of the panel is used, the edges are to be prepared
of 5 in. (127 mm). Using a sharp saw, trim 1 in. (25 mm) off
as the product would exist in service.
both ends of each panel by cutting perpendicular to the grain of
6.3 Test ten specimens, representing at least four different
the veneer. Discard the trim. Prepare each test specimen by
panels.
cutting 3 in. (76 mm) in length along the grain as shown in Fig.
7. Preparation and Conditioning of Laboratory Test
1 and Fig. 2. Cut the panel across the grain into 3-
...