ASTM D7195-16
(Guide)Standard Guide for Setting Object Color Specifications
Standard Guide for Setting Object Color Specifications
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The rejection of materials due to color is a common and expensive occurrence, and it is useful for a customer and producer to set color specifications with an associated tolerance before the transaction. This guide discusses the concept and details the ASTM standards to be used in the process.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide leads the user through a process for establishing color specifications, including the target color and allowable tolerances. It refers to the appropriate ASTM standards that more thoroughly describe each step of the process beginning with expectations, encompassing caveats within the process and finally concluding with reporting.
1.2 This guide does not suggest numerical values for tolerances. These values must be agreed upon by the parties involved.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:D7195 −16
StandardGuide for
1
Setting Object Color Specifications
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7195; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope E179 Guide for Selection of Geometric Conditions for
Measurement of Reflection and Transmission Properties
1.1 This guide leads the user through a process for estab-
of Materials
lishing color specifications, including the target color and
E284 Terminology of Appearance
allowable tolerances. It refers to the appropriate ASTM stan-
E308 PracticeforComputingtheColorsofObjectsbyUsing
dards that more thoroughly describe each step of the process
the CIE System
beginning with expectations, encompassing caveats within the
E805 Practice for Identification of Instrumental Methods of
process and finally concluding with reporting.
Color or Color-Difference Measurement of Materials
1.2 This guide does not suggest numerical values for toler-
E1164 PracticeforObtainingSpectrometricDataforObject-
ances. These values must be agreed upon by the parties
Color Evaluation
involved.
E1345 Practice for Reducing the Effect of Variability of
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the Color Measurement by Use of Multiple Measurements
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
E1347 Test Method for Color and Color-Difference Mea-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- surement by Tristimulus Colorimetry
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
E1499 Guide for Selection, Evaluation, and Training of
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Observers
E1708 Practice for Electronic Interchange of Color and
2. Referenced Documents
Appearance Data
2
E1808 Guide for Designing and Conducting Visual Experi-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
ments
D523 Test Method for Specular Gloss
E2214 Practice for Specifying and Verifying the Perfor-
D1729 Practice for Visual Appraisal of Colors and Color
mance of Color-Measuring Instruments
Differences of Diffusely-Illuminated Opaque Materials
E2867 Practice for Estimating Uncertainty of Test Results
D2244 Practice for Calculation of Color Tolerances and
Derived from Spectrophotometry
Color Differences from Instrumentally Measured Color
2.2 CIE Publications:
Coordinates
3
CIE Publication 015 Colorimetry
D3134 Practice for Establishing Color and Gloss Tolerances
D3964 Practice for Selection of Coating Specimens for
3. Terminology
Appearance Measurements
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms related to this
D4086 Practice for Visual Evaluation of Metamerism
guide see Terminology E284.
D4449 Test Method for Visual Evaluation of Gloss Differ-
ences Between Surfaces of Similar Appearance
4. Summary of Guide
D5531 GuideforPreparation,Maintenance,andDistribution
4.1 This guide describes the process for establishing color
of Physical Product Standards for Color and Geometric
specifications for a material, including the decision as to
Appearance of Coatings
whether this specification will be based on visual or instrumen-
tal methods.
1
4.2 General considerations of appearance, evaluation of
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E12 on Color and
Appearance and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E12.04 on Color and
observers, and measurement techniques are included.
Appearance Analysis.
4.3 It begins the process of setting a tolerance by first
Current edition approved July 1, 2016. Published August 2016. Originally
approved in 2006. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D7195 – 06 (2012).
selecting a standard or target color for the material, including
DOI: 10.1520/D7195-16.
the production, measurement, and storage of that target.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from CIE (International Commission on Illumination), http://
the ASTM website. www.techstreet.com.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7195−16
4.4 It next identifies methods to establish acceptable color up as rectangular tolerancing. In some industries the phrase
tolerances. “box tolerancing” is the accepted terminology. However,
elliptical tolerancing is preferred.
4.5 Finally, it discusses reporting techniques.
7.4 In most cases, the limits of acceptability will be greater
5. Significance and Use
than a just perceptible diff
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7195 − 06 (Reapproved 2012) D7195 − 16
Standard Guide for
Protocol for Setting Object Color Specifications for a
1
Material
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7195; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This guide leads the user through thea process for setting a color tolerance for a product or material. It pointsestablishing
color specifications, including the target color and allowable tolerances. It refers to the appropriate ASTM standards that affect
more thoroughly describe each step of the process. It includes the discussion points on which the two parties must agree and
provides caveats for various options selected.process beginning with expectations, encompassing caveats within the process and
finally concluding with reporting.
1.2 This guide does not suggest numerical values for tolerances. These values must be agreed upon by the two parties involved.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D523 Test Method for Specular Gloss
D1729 Practice for Visual Appraisal of Colors and Color Differences of Diffusely-Illuminated Opaque Materials
D2244 Practice for Calculation of Color Tolerances and Color Differences from Instrumentally Measured Color Coordinates
D3134 Practice for Establishing Color and Gloss Tolerances
D3964 Practice for Selection of Coating Specimens for Appearance Measurements
D4086 Practice for Visual Evaluation of Metamerism
D4449 Test Method for Visual Evaluation of Gloss Differences Between Surfaces of Similar Appearance
D5531 Guide for Preparation, Maintenance, and Distribution of Physical Product Standards for Color and Geometric
Appearance of Coatings
E179 Guide for Selection of Geometric Conditions for Measurement of Reflection and Transmission Properties of Materials
E253 Terminology Relating to Sensory Evaluation of Materials and Products
E284 Terminology of Appearance
E308 Practice for Computing the Colors of Objects by Using the CIE System
E805 Practice for Identification of Instrumental Methods of Color or Color-Difference Measurement of Materials
E1164 Practice for Obtaining Spectrometric Data for Object-Color Evaluation
E1345 Practice for Reducing the Effect of Variability of Color Measurement by Use of Multiple Measurements
E1347 Test Method for Color and Color-Difference Measurement by Tristimulus Colorimetry
E1499 Guide for Selection, Evaluation, and Training of Observers
E1708 Practice for Electronic Interchange of Color and Appearance Data
E1808 Guide for Designing and Conducting Visual Experiments
E2214 Practice for Specifying and Verifying the Performance of Color-Measuring Instruments
E2867 Practice for Estimating Uncertainty of Test Results Derived from Spectrophotometry
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E12 on Color and Appearance and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E12.04 on Color and Appearance
Analysis.
Current edition approved June 1, 2012July 1, 2016. Published July 2012August 2016. Originally approved in 2006. Last previous edition approved in 20062012 as D7195
– 06. 06 (2012). DOI: 10.1520/D7195-06R12.10.1520/D7195-16.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7195 − 16
2.2 CIE PublicationsPublications:
rd 3
CIE 15:2004Publication 015 Colorimetry, 3Colorimetry edition
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms related to this guide see Terminology E253 and Terminology E284.
4. Summary of Guide
4.1 This guide describes the process for establishing a color specificationspecifications for a material, including the decision as
to whether this specification will be based on visual or instrumental methods.
4.2 General considerat
...
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