ASTM D7195-21
(Guide)Standard Guide for Setting Object Color Specifications
Standard Guide for Setting Object Color Specifications
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The rejection of materials due to color is a common and expensive occurrence, and it is useful for a customer and producer to set color specifications with an associated tolerance before the transaction. This guide discusses the concept and details the ASTM standards to be used in the process.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide leads the user through a process for establishing color specifications, including the target color and allowable tolerances. It refers to the appropriate ASTM standards that more thoroughly describe each step of the process beginning with expectations, encompassing caveats within the process and finally concluding with reporting.
1.2 This guide does not suggest numerical values for tolerances. These values must be agreed upon by the parties involved.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:D7195 −21
Standard Guide for
1
Setting Object Color Specifications
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7195; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D3964 Practice for Selection of Coating Specimens for
Appearance Measurements
1.1 This guide leads the user through a process for estab-
D4086 Practice for Visual Evaluation of Metamerism
lishing color specifications, including the target color and
D4449 Test Method for Visual Evaluation of Gloss Differ-
allowable tolerances. It refers to the appropriate ASTM stan-
ences Between Surfaces of Similar Appearance
dards that more thoroughly describe each step of the process
D5531 GuideforPreparation,Maintenance,andDistribution
beginning with expectations, encompassing caveats within the
of Physical Product Standards for Color and Geometric
process and finally concluding with reporting.
Appearance of Coatings
1.2 This guide does not suggest numerical values for toler-
E179 Guide for Selection of Geometric Conditions for
ances. These values must be agreed upon by the parties
Measurement of Reflection and Transmission Properties
involved.
of Materials
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
E284 Terminology of Appearance
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
E308 PracticeforComputingtheColorsofObjectsbyUsing
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
the CIE System
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
E805 Practice for Identification of Instrumental Methods of
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Color or Color-Difference Measurement of Materials
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
E1164 PracticeforObtainingSpectrometricDataforObject-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
Color Evaluation
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
E1345 Practice for Reducing the Effect of Variability of
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
Color Measurement by Use of Multiple Measurements
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
E1347 Test Method for Color and Color-Difference Mea-
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
surement by Tristimulus Colorimetry
E1499 Guide for Selection, Evaluation, and Training of
2. Referenced Documents
Observers
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E1708 Practice for Electronic Interchange of Color and
D523 Test Method for Specular Gloss
Appearance Data
D1003 Test Method for Haze and Luminous Transmittance
E1808 Guide for Designing and Conducting Visual Experi-
of Transparent Plastics
ments
D1729 Practice for Visual Appraisal of Colors and Color
E2214 Practice for Specifying and Verifying the Perfor-
Differences of Diffusely-Illuminated Opaque Materials
mance of Color-Measuring Instruments
D2244 Practice for Calculation of Color Tolerances and
E2867 Practice for Estimating Uncertainty of Test Results
Color Differences from Instrumentally Measured Color
Derived from Spectrophotometry
Coordinates
3
D3134 Practice for Establishing Color and Gloss Tolerances
2.2 CIE Publications:
CIE Publication 015 Colorimetry
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E12 on Color and
3. Terminology
Appearance and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E12.04 on Color and
Appearance Analysis.
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms related to this
Current edition approved June 1, 2021. Published June 2021. Originally
guide see Terminology E284.
approved in 2006. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as D7195 – 16a. DOI:
10.1520/D7195-21.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from CIE (International Commission on Illumination), http://
the ASTM website. www.cie.co.at or http://www.techstreet.com.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7195−21
4. Summary of Guide of different make, type, and geometry. Advances have also
occurredintheequationsandsoftwareprogramsforevaluating
4.1 This guide describes the process for establishing color
color and color quality control. It is not uncommon for the
specifications for a material, including t
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7195 − 16a D7195 − 21
Standard Guide for
1
Setting Object Color Specifications
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7195; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This guide leads the user through a process for establishing color specifications, including the target color and allowable
tolerances. It refers to the appropriate ASTM standards that more thoroughly describe each step of the process beginning with
expectations, encompassing caveats within the process and finally concluding with reporting.
1.2 This guide does not suggest numerical values for tolerances. These values must be agreed upon by the parties involved.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D523 Test Method for Specular Gloss
D1003 Test Method for Haze and Luminous Transmittance of Transparent Plastics
D1729 Practice for Visual Appraisal of Colors and Color Differences of Diffusely-Illuminated Opaque Materials
D2244 Practice for Calculation of Color Tolerances and Color Differences from Instrumentally Measured Color Coordinates
D3134 Practice for Establishing Color and Gloss Tolerances
D3964 Practice for Selection of Coating Specimens for Appearance Measurements
D4086 Practice for Visual Evaluation of Metamerism
D4449 Test Method for Visual Evaluation of Gloss Differences Between Surfaces of Similar Appearance
D5531 Guide for Preparation, Maintenance, and Distribution of Physical Product Standards for Color and Geometric
Appearance of Coatings
E179 Guide for Selection of Geometric Conditions for Measurement of Reflection and Transmission Properties of Materials
E284 Terminology of Appearance
E308 Practice for Computing the Colors of Objects by Using the CIE System
E805 Practice for Identification of Instrumental Methods of Color or Color-Difference Measurement of Materials
E1164 Practice for Obtaining Spectrometric Data for Object-Color Evaluation
E1345 Practice for Reducing the Effect of Variability of Color Measurement by Use of Multiple Measurements
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E12 on Color and Appearance and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E12.04 on Color and Appearance
Analysis.
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2016June 1, 2021. Published September 2016June 2021. Originally approved in 2006. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as
D7195D7195 – 16a. – 16. DOI: 10.1520/D7195-16A.10.1520/D7195-21.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7195 − 21
E1347 Test Method for Color and Color-Difference Measurement by Tristimulus Colorimetry
E1499 Guide for Selection, Evaluation, and Training of Observers
E1708 Practice for Electronic Interchange of Color and Appearance Data
E1808 Guide for Designing and Conducting Visual Experiments
E2214 Practice for Specifying and Verifying the Performance of Color-Measuring Instruments
E2867 Practice for Estimating Uncertainty of Test Results Derived from Spectrophotometry
3
2.2 CIE Publications:
CIE Publication 015 Colorimetry
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms related to this guide see Terminology E284.
4. Summary of Guide
4.1 This guide describes the process for establishing color specifications for a material, including the decision as to whether this
specification will be based on visual or instrumental method
...
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