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ASTM E3070-16

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Shear Thinning Index on Non-Newtonian Liquids Using a Concentric Cylinder Rotational Viscometer

Standard Test Method for Shear Thinning Index on Non-Newtonian Liquids Using a Concentric Cylinder Rotational Viscometer

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The flow behavior of many fluids of interest is non-Newtonian in nature. Non-Newtonian behavior is best studied using rheometry apparatus. Nonetheless, estimations on non-Newtonian behavior may be made by recording viscosity at differing rotational speeds (or shear rates) using rotational viscometers.  
5.2 The shear thinning index provides a tool for the estimation of the amount of non-Newtonian behavior.  
5.3 The shear thinning index may be used in quality assessment, trouble shooting, specification acceptance, and research.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes the determination of the shear thinning index of a shear-rate dependent (non-Newtonian) fluid using a cylindrical rotational viscometer. A value of the shear thinning index of unity indicates that the material is Newtonian in behavior. A value greater than unity indicates shear thinning behavior.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Oct-2016
ICS
17.060 - Measurement of volume, mass, density, viscosity
Technical Committee
E37 - Thermal Measurements
Drafting Committee
E37.08 - Rheology
Current Stage
Ref Project

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ASTM E3070-16 - Standard Test Method for Shear Thinning Index on Non-Newtonian Liquids Using a Concentric Cylinder Rotational ViscometerASTM E3070-16 - Standard Test Method for Shear Thinning Index on Non-Newtonian Liquids Using a Concentric Cylinder Rotational Viscometer
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ASTM E3070-16 - Standard Test Method for Shear Thinning Index on Non-Newtonian Liquids Using a Concentric Cylinder Rotational Viscometer
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: E3070 − 16
Standard Test Method for
Shear Thinning Index on Non-Newtonian Liquids Using a
1
Concentric Cylinder Rotational Viscometer
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E3070; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope including Celsius, non-Newtonian, rheometery, viscosity, and
viscometer.
1.1 This test method describes the determination of the
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
shear thinning index of a shear-rate dependent (non-
3.2.1 shear thinning, n—a decrease in viscosity with in-
Newtonian) fluid using a cylindrical rotational viscometer. A
creasing shear rate, followed by a gradual recovery when the
value of the shear thinning index of unity indicates that the
stress or shear rate is reduced to zero.
material is Newtonian in behavior. A value greater than unity
3.2.2 shear thinning index, n—the ratio of apparent viscos-
indicates shear thinning behavior.
ity at two rotational speeds or shear rates.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
4. Summary of Test Method
standard.
4.1 For Newtonian fluids, viscosity is a linear function of
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
shear rate. Non-Newtonian fluids are those for which the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
viscositychangesasafunctionofshearrate.Manymaterialsof
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
interest are non-Newtonian in behavior.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4.2 The viscosity of a non-Newtonian fluid is measured at
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
different shear rates and the values compared as their ratio.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
This is known as the shear thinning index. For Newtonian
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
fluids the shear thinning ratio is unity. For non-Newtonian
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
fluids the shear thinning ratio increases with increasing non-
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
Newtonian nature.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
4.3 The shear thinning index of non-Newtonian fluids is
determined by the ratio of viscosity measurements made at two
2. Referenced Documents
rotational speeds, preferably a decade apart.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5. Significance and Use
E473 Terminology Relating to Thermal Analysis and Rhe-
ology
5.1 The flow behavior of many fluids of interest is non-
E1142 Terminology Relating to Thermophysical Properties
Newtonian in nature. Non-Newtonian behavior is best studied
E2975 Test Method for Calibration or Calibration Verifica-
using rheometry apparatus. Nonetheless, estimations on non-
tion of Concentric Cylinder Rotational Viscometers
Newtonian behavior may be made by recording viscosity at
differing rotational speeds (or shear rates) using rotational
3. Terminology
viscometers.
3.1 Definitions—Specific technical terms used in this stan-
5.2 The shear thinning index provides a tool for the estima-
dard method are described in Terminologies E473 and E1142
tion of the amount of non-Newtonian behavior.
5.3 The shear thinning index may be used in quality
1
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeE37onThermal
assessment, trouble shooting, specification acceptance, and
Measurements and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E37.08 on Rheol-
research.
ogy.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2016. Published November 2016. DOI:
6. Apparatus
10.1520/E3070-16.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
6.1 Rotational Viscometer—The essential instrumentation
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
required providing the minimum rotational viscometer analyti-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. cal capabilities include:
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E3070 − 16
6.1.1 A drive motor, to apply a unidirectional rotational 8.3 Pour a sufficient quantity of the test specimen into the
displacement to the specimen at 5 or more rates of between 0.2 container to cover the immersed spindle to the level indicated
r/min and 100 r/min constant to within 61%. by the operations manual.
6.1.2 Aforce sensor to measure the torque
...

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