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ASTM D6813-02a(2013)

(Guide)

Standard Guide for Performance Evaluation of Hydraulic Fluids for Piston Pumps (Withdrawn 2015)

Standard Guide for Performance Evaluation of Hydraulic Fluids for Piston Pumps (Withdrawn 2015)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Users of hydraulic equipment which includes piston pumps would like assurance that the fluids they use will allow their systems to operate safely with reasonable equipment life. This assurance is commonly provided by the fluid supplier in the form of results of standardized tests on the fluid, or demonstrated success in field use in similar systems, or both. This guide will help fluid developers and users develop testing protocols which demonstrate the suitability of a fluid for its intended use, including any required limitations on hydraulic system operating conditions.  
4.2 The significance and use of each test method cited in this guide will depend upon the system in use and the purpose of the test method. Use the most recent editions of ASTM test methods.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers the establishment of test protocols and methodologies for determining the suitability of fluids for use in fluid power systems that incorporate axial or radial piston pumps. The suitability of all fluid types to meet specific levels of performance in piston pumps is addressed. These fluids include, but are not limited to formulations based on mineral, synthetic or vegetable oil base stocks. The finished fluids may be in the form of straight oils, soluble oils or invert emulsions.  
1.2 The test protocols and methodologies described in this guide have been selected for their ability to distinguish between highly acceptable, acceptable and unacceptable fluid performance in piston pumps. They take into account the broad range of operating conditions piston pumps are subjected to, as well as the common variations in design and materials of construction among pump manufacturers.  
1.3 This guide is intended to complement proprietary test protocols and methodologies employed by some piston pump manufacturers. The test protocols and methodologies within this guide may help pump manufacturers, fluid formulators and end users accurately screen potential fluids for specific performance characteristics. The results of this screening may be sufficient in certain instances for pump manufacturers to forego requirements for additional fluid performance tests.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This guide covers the establishment of test protocols and methodologies for determining the suitability of fluids for use in fluid power systems that incorporate axial or radial piston pumps. The suitability of all fluid types to meet specific levels of performance in piston pumps is addressed. These fluids include, but are not limited to formulations based on mineral, synthetic or vegetable oil base stocks. The finished fluids may be in the form of straight oils, soluble oils or invert emulsions.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants, this guide was withdrawn in December 2015 because it is not up to date and requires an extensive rewrite.

General Information

Status
Withdrawn
Publication Date
30-Apr-2013
Withdrawal Date
02-Dec-2015
ICS
75.120 - Hydraulic fluids
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Current Stage
Ref Project

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ASTM D6813-02a(2013) - Standard Guide for Performance Evaluation of Hydraulic Fluids for Piston Pumps (Withdrawn 2015)ASTM D6813-02a(2013) - Standard Guide for Performance Evaluation of Hydraulic Fluids for Piston Pumps (Withdrawn 2015)
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ASTM D6813-02a(2013) - Standard Guide for Performance Evaluation of Hydraulic Fluids for Piston Pumps (Withdrawn 2015)
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D6813 − 02a(Reapproved 2013)
Standard Guide for
Performance Evaluation of Hydraulic Fluids for Piston
1
Pumps
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6813; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D92Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland
Open Cup Tester
1.1 Thisguidecoverstheestablishmentoftestprotocolsand
D93Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens
methodologies for determining the suitability of fluids for use
Closed Cup Tester
in fluid power systems that incorporate axial or radial piston
D95Test Method for Water in Petroleum Products and
pumps. The suitability of all fluid types to meet specific levels
Bituminous Materials by Distillation
of performance in piston pumps is addressed. These fluids
D97Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products
include, but are not limited to formulations based on mineral,
D130Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petro-
synthetic or vegetable oil base stocks. The finished fluids may
leum Products by Copper Strip Test
be in the form of straight oils, soluble oils or invert emulsions.
D445Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent
1.2 The test protocols and methodologies described in this
andOpaqueLiquids(andCalculationofDynamicViscos-
guide have been selected for their ability to distinguish
ity)
between highly acceptable, acceptable and unacceptable fluid
D482Test Method for Ash from Petroleum Products
performanceinpistonpumps.Theytakeintoaccountthebroad
D611Test Methods for Aniline Point and Mixed Aniline
rangeofoperatingconditionspistonpumpsaresubjectedto,as
Point of Petroleum Products and Hydrocarbon Solvents
well as the common variations in design and materials of
D664Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products
construction among pump manufacturers.
by Potentiometric Titration
1.3 This guide is intended to complement proprietary test
D665Test Method for Rust-Preventing Characteristics of
protocols and methodologies employed by some piston pump
Inhibited Mineral Oil in the Presence of Water
manufacturers. The test protocols and methodologies within
D874Test Method for Sulfated Ash from Lubricating Oils
thisguidemayhelppumpmanufacturers,fluidformulatorsand
and Additives
end users accurately screen potential fluids for specific perfor-
D877Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage of
mance characteristics. The results of this screening may be
Insulating Liquids Using Disk Electrodes
sufficientincertaininstancesforpumpmanufacturerstoforego
D892Test Method for Foaming Characteristics of Lubricat-
requirements for additional fluid performance tests.
ing Oils
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
D943TestMethodforOxidationCharacteristicsofInhibited
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Mineral Oils
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
D974Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
Indicator Titration
bility of regulatory requirements prior to use.
D1121Test Method for ReserveAlkalinity of Engine Cool-
ants and Antirusts
2. Referenced Documents
D1123Test Methods for Water in Engine Coolant Concen-
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
trate by the Karl Fischer Reagent Method
D1169Test Method for Specific Resistance (Resistivity) of
1
Electrical Insulating Liquids
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum
Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcom-
D1298Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API
mittee D02.N0.07 on Lubricating Properties.
Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Prod-
Current edition approved May 1, 2013. Published August 2013. Originally
ucts by Hydrometer Method
approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D6813–02a (2007).
DOI: 10.1520/D6813-02AR13.
D1401TestMethodforWaterSeparabilityofPetroleumOils
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
and Synthetic Fluids
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
D1500Test Method forASTM Color of Petroleum Products
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. (ASTM Color Scale)
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6813 − 02a (2013)
D1533Test Method for Water in Insulating Liquids by D6046Classification of Hydraulic Fluids for Environmental
Coulometric Karl Fischer Titration
...

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5.1 This guide discusses ways to assess the likelihood that a hydraulic fluid will undergo biodegradation if it enters an environment that is known to support biodegradation of some substances, for example the material used as the positive control in the test. The information can be used in making or assessing claims of biodegradability of a fluid formula.  
5.2 Biodegradation occurs when a fluid interacts with the environment, and so the extent of biodegradation is a function of both the chemical composition of the hydraulic fluid and the physical, chemical, and biological status of the environment at the time the fluid enters it. This guide cannot assist in judging the status of a particular environment, so it is not meant to provide standards for judging the persistence of a hydraulic fluid in any specific environment either natural or man-made.  
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1.1 This guide covers and provides information to assist in planning a laboratory test or series of tests from which may be inferred information about the biodegradability of an unused fully formulated hydraulic fluid in its original form. Biodegradability is one of three characteristics which are assessed when judging the environmental impact of a hydraulic fluid. The other two characteristics are ecotoxicity and bioaccumulation.  
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1.1 This practice covers the equipment and procedures for obtaining a representative sample of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), such as specified in ASTM Specification D1835, GPA 2140, and comparable international standards. It may also be used for other natural gas liquid (NGL) products that are normally single phase (for example, NGL mix, field butane, and so forth), defined in other industry specifications or contractual agreements, and for volatile (higher vapor pressure) crude oils.
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1.3 This practice includes recommendations for the location of a sample point in a line or vessel. It is the responsibility of the user to ensure that the sampling point is located so as to obtain a representative sample.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.  
1.4.1 Exception—The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
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5.1 This test method provides a cooling time versus temperature pathway that is directly proportional to physical properties such as the hardness obtainable upon quenching of a metal. The results obtained by this test method may be used as a guide in quenchant selection or comparison of quench severities of different quenchants, new or used.
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