ASTM E1822-17

Standard Test Method for Fire Testing of Stacked Chairs

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method provides a means of measuring a variety of fire-test-response characteristics resulting from burning a stack of five stacking chairs. After ignition using a propane gas burner, the test specimen is permitted to burn freely under well-ventilated conditions. The most important fire-test-response characteristic measured in this test method is the rate of heat release, which quantifies the intensity of the fire generated.  
5.2 The rate of heat release is measured by the principle of oxygen consumption. Annex A3 discusses the assumptions and limitations.  
5.3 This test method also provides measures of other fire-test-response characteristics, including smoke obscuration (as the rate of smoke release, total smoke released or optical density of smoke), combustion gas release (as concentrations of combustion gases), and mass loss, that are important to making decisions on fire safety.  
5.4 In the majority of fires, the most important gaseous components of smoke are the carbon oxides present in all fires. They are indicators of the toxicity of the atmosphere and of the completeness of combustion. Measurement of concentrations of carbon oxides are useful for two purposes: as part of fire hazard assessment calculations and to improve the accuracy of heat-release measurements. Other toxic combustion gases, which are specific to certain materials, are also indicators of the toxicity of the atmospheres, but are less crucial for determining combustion completeness and are optional measures; however fire hazard assessment often requires their measurement.  
5.5 The type of ignition chosen (flaming source) is common in both accidental and intentional fires in public occupancies. This test method is thus applicable to stacked chairs in public occupancies. Such facilities include, but are not limited to, health-care facilities, old-age convalescent and board and care homes, college dormitories and residence halls, and hotels and motels.  
5.6 One of the fo...
SCOPE
1.1 This is a fire-test-response standard.  
1.2 This test method provides a means of determining the burning behavior of stacking chairs used in public occupancies by measuring specific fire-test responses when a stack of chairs is subjected to a specified flaming ignition source under well ventilated conditions.  
1.3 This test method is limited to stacked chairs.  
1.4 Test data are obtained describing the burning behavior following application of a specific ignition source, from ignition until all burning has ceased, a period of 1 h has elapsed, or flashover under test conditions appears inevitable.  
1.5 This test method does not provide information on the fire performance of stacked chairs under fire conditions other than those conditions specified in this test method. In particular, this test method does not apply to smoldering ignition by cigarettes. See 5.11 for further information.  
1.6 The rate of heat release of the burning test specimen is measured by an oxygen consumption method. See 5.11.4 for further information.  
1.7 Other measurements are the production of light-obscuring smoke and the concentrations of certain toxic gas species in the combustion gases. See 5.11.5 for further information.  
1.8 The burning behavior is documented visually by photographic or video recordings.  
1.9 This standard is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, products or assemblies under actual fire conditions.  
1.10 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall be employed in conducting these tests.  
1.11 Use the SI system of units in referee decisions; see IEEE/ASTM SI-10. The units given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.12 This standard does not purport to...

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Oct-2017
• ICS: 13.220.40 - Ignitability and burning behaviour of materials and products
• ICS: 97.140 - Furniture
• Technical Committee: E05 - Fire Standards
• Drafting Committee: E05.15 - Furnishings and Contents

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: E1822 − 17 An American National Standard
Standard Test Method for
1
Fire Testing of Stacked Chairs
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1822; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 1.11 Use the SI system of units in referee decisions; see
IEEE/ASTM SI-10. The units given in parentheses are for
1.1 This is a fire-test-response standard.
information only.
1.2 This test method provides a means of determining the
1.12 This standard does not purport to address all of the
burningbehaviorofstackingchairsusedinpublicoccupancies
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
bymeasuringspecificfire-testresponseswhenastackofchairs
is subjected to a specified flaming ignition source under well responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
ventilated conditions. priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.3 This test method is limited to stacked chairs.
1.13 This international standard was developed in accor-
1.4 Test data are obtained describing the burning behavior
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
following application of a specific ignition source, from
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
ignition until all burning has ceased, a period of1hhas
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
elapsed, or flashover under test conditions appears inevitable.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
1.5 This test method does not provide information on the
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
fire performance of stacked chairs under fire conditions other
than those conditions specified in this test method. In
2. Referenced Documents
particular, this test method does not apply to smoldering
2
ignition by cigarettes. See 5.11 for further information.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D123Terminology Relating to Textiles
1.6 The rate of heat release of the burning test specimen is
E84Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of
measured by an oxygen consumption method. See 5.11.4 for
Building Materials
further information.
E176Terminology of Fire Standards
1.7 Other measurements are the production of light-
E800GuideforMeasurementofGasesPresentorGenerated
obscuring smoke and the concentrations of certain toxic gas
During Fires
species in the combustion gases. See 5.11.5 for further infor-
E1354Test Method for Heat and Visible Smoke Release
mation.
Rates for Materials and Products Using an Oxygen Con-
1.8 The burning behavior is documented visually by photo-
sumption Calorimeter
graphic or video recordings.
E1474Test Method for Determining the Heat Release Rate
1.9 This standard is used to measure and describe the
of Upholstered Furniture and Mattress Components or
response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and
Composites Using a Bench Scale Oxygen Consumption
flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself
Calorimeter
incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk
E1537Test Method for Fire Testing of Upholstered Furni-
assessment of the materials, products or assemblies under
ture
actual fire conditions.
E1590Test Method for Fire Testing of Mattresses
1.10 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safe-
IEEE/ASTM SI-10American National Standard for Use of
guards for personnel and property shall be employed in
theInternationalSystemofUnits(SI):TheModernMetric
conducting these tests.
System
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E05 on Fire
Standards and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E05.15 on Furnishings
2
and Contents. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2017. Published December 2017. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as E1822–13. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/E1822-17. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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E1822 − 17
2.2 ISO Standards: 3.2.6 upholsterymaterial,n—thepadding,stuffing,orfilling
ISO 4880 Burning Behaviour of Textiles and Textile material used in a furniture item, which may be either loose or
3
Products—Vocabulary attached, enclosed by an upholstery cover materi
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E1822 − 13 E1822 − 17 An American National Standard
Standard Test Method for
1
Fire Testing of Stacked Chairs
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1822; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Scope*
1.1 This is a fire-test-response standard.
1.2 This test method provides a means of determining the burning behavior of stacking chairs used in public occupancies by
measuring specific fire-test responses when a stack of chairs is subjected to a specified flaming ignition source under well ventilated
conditions.
1.3 This test method is limited to stacked chairs.
1.4 Test data are obtained describing the burning behavior following application of a specific ignition source, from ignition until
all burning has ceased, a period of 1 h has elapsed, or flashover under test conditions appears inevitable.
1.5 This test method does not provide information on the fire performance of stacked chairs under fire conditions other than
those conditions specified in this test method. In particular, this test method does not apply to smoldering ignition by cigarettes.
See 5.11 for further information.
1.6 The rate of heat release of the burning test specimen is measured by an oxygen consumption method. See 5.11.4 for further
information.
1.7 Other measurements are the production of light-obscuring smoke and the concentrations of certain toxic gas species in the
combustion gases. See 5.11.5 for further information.
1.8 The burning behavior is documented visually by photographic or video recordings.
1.9 This standard is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under
controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials,
products or assemblies under actual fire conditions.
1.10 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall be employed in conducting
these tests.
1.11 Use the SI system of units in referee decisions; see IEEE/ASTM SI-10. The units given in parentheses are for information
only.
1.12 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.13 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
E84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials
E176 Terminology of Fire Standards
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E05 on Fire Standards and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E05.15 on Furnishings and
Contents.
Current edition approved April 1, 2013Nov. 1, 2017. Published April 2013December 2017. Originally approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 20122013 as
E1822 – 12.E1822 – 13. DOI: 10.1520/E1822-13.10.1520/E1822-17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E1822 − 17
E800 Guide for Measurement of Gases Present or Generated During Fires
E1354 Test Method for Heat and Visible Smoke Release Rates for Materials and Products Using an Oxygen Consumption
Calorimeter
E1474 Test Method for Determining the Heat Release Rate of Upholstered Furniture and Mattress Components or Composites
Using a Bench Scale Oxygen Consumption Calorimeter
E1537 Test Method for Fire Testing of Upholstered Furniture
E1590 Test Method for Fire Testing o
...