ASTM E285-08
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Oxyacetylene Ablation Testing of Thermal Insulation Materials
Standard Test Method for Oxyacetylene Ablation Testing of Thermal Insulation Materials
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is intended to screen the most obvious poor materials from further consideration. Since the combustion gases more closely resemble the environment generated in rocket motors, this test method is more applicable to screening materials for nozzles and motor liners than for aerodynamic heating.
The environment for any specific high-temperature thermal protection problem is peculiar to that particular application. The conditions generated by the oxyacetylene heat source in this test method represent only one set of conditions; they do not simulate any specific application. Thus, the test results cannot be used to predict directly the behavior of materials for specific environments, nor can they be used for design purposes. However, over a number of years, the test has been useful in determining the relative merit of materials, particularly in weeding out obviously poor materials from more advanced data-generation programs. It has also been considered for use as a production quality-control test for rocket insulation materials.
The tester is cautioned to use prudence in extending the usefulness of the test method beyond its original intent, namely, screening. For situations having environments widely different from those of the test, the user is urged to modify the oxyacetylene burner conditions to suit his requirements or perhaps change to a different heat-generating device that provides better simulation.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the screening of ablative materials to determine the relative thermal insulation effectiveness when tested as a flat panel in an environment of a steady flow of hot gas provided by an oxyacetylene burner.
1.2 This test method should be used to measure and describe the properties of materials, products, or assemblies in response to heat and flame under controlled laboratory conditions and should not be used to describe or appraise the fire hazard of materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions. However, results of this test method may be used as elements of a fire risk assessment which takes into account all of the factors which are pertinent to an assessment of the fire hazard of a particular end use.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
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Designation: E285 − 08
StandardTest Method for
Oxyacetylene Ablation Testing of Thermal Insulation
1
Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E285; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Summary of Test Method
1.1 This test method covers the screening of ablative mate- 3.1 Hot combustion gases are directed along the normal to
rials to determine the relative thermal insulation effectiveness the specimen until burn-through is achieved. The erosion rate
when tested as a flat panel in an environment of a steady flow ofthematerialisdeterminedbydividingtheoriginalthickness
of hot gas provided by an oxyacetylene burner. by the time to burn-through. The insulating effectiveness is
determined from back-face temperature measurements. Insula-
1.2 Thistestmethodshouldbeusedtomeasureanddescribe
tion index numbers are computed by dividing the times for
the properties of materials, products, or assemblies in response
temperature changes of 80, 180, and 380°C, from the initial
to heat and flame under controlled laboratory conditions and
ambient temperature, by the original thickness.The insulation-
should not be used to describe or appraise the fire hazard of
to-density performance is computed by dividing the insulation
materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.
index by the density of the panel.
However, results of this test method may be used as elements
of a fire risk assessment which takes into account all of the 3.2 The general characteristics of the oxyacetylene heat
source are:
factors which are pertinent to an assessment of the fire hazard
2
of a particular end use. 3.2.1 Heat Flux—835 W/cm (cold-wall calorimeter).
3.2.2 Velocity—210 m/s (cold, unreacted gases).
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.2.3 Neutral flame conditions.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4. Significance and Use
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.1 This test method is intended to screen the most obvious
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
poor materials from further consideration. Since the combus-
standard. tiongasesmorecloselyresembletheenvironmentgeneratedin
rocket motors, this test method is more applicable to screening
2. Referenced Documents materials for nozzles and motor liners than for aerodynamic
2 heating.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.2 Theenvironmentforanyspecifichigh-temperaturether-
D792Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Rela-
tive Density) of Plastics by Displacement mal protection problem is peculiar to that particular applica-
3 tion.Theconditionsgeneratedbytheoxyacetyleneheatsource
2.2 Federal Standards:
inthistestmethodrepresentonlyonesetofconditions;theydo
BB-A-106CAcetylene, Technical, Dissolved
not simulate any specific application. Thus, the test results
BB-O-925AOxygen, Technical, Gas and Liquid
cannot be used to predict directly the behavior of materials for
specific environments, nor can they be used for design pur-
poses. However, over a number of years, the test has been
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E21 on Space
useful in determining the relative merit of materials, particu-
Simulation andApplications of SpaceTechnology and is the direct responsibility of
larly in weeding out obviously poor materials from more
Subcommittee E21.08 on Thermal Protection.
advanced data-generation programs. It has also been consid-
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2008. Published December 2008. Originally
approved in 1965 as E285 – 65T. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as
ered for use as a production quality-control test for rocket
E285–80(2002). DOI: 10.1520/E0285-08.
insulation materials.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
4.3 The tester is cautioned to use prudence in extending the
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
usefulness of the test method beyond its original intent,
the ASTM website.
3
namely, screening. For situations having environments widely
AvailablefromStandardizationDocumentsOrderDesk,Bldg.4SectionD,700
Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, Attn: NPODS. different from those of the test, the user is urged to modify the
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:E285–80 (Reapproved 2002) Designation:E285–08
Standard Test Method for
Oxyacetylene Ablation Testing of Thermal Insulation
1
Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E285; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the screening of ablative materials to determine the relative thermal insulation effectiveness when
tested as a flat panel in an environment of a steady flow of hot gas provided by an oxyacetylene burner.
1.2 This test method should be used to measure and describe the properties of materials, products, or assemblies in response
toheatandflameundercontrolledlaboratoryconditionsandshouldnotbeusedtodescribeorappraisethefirehazardofmaterials,
products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions. However, results of this test method may be used as elements of a fire risk
assessment which takes into account all of the factors which are pertinent to an assessment of the fire hazard of a particular end
use.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D792 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Relative Density) of Plastics by Displacement
3
2.2 Federal Standards:
BB-A-106aBB-A-106C Acetylene, Technical, Dissolved
BB-O-925aBB-O-925A Oxygen, Technical, Gas and Liquid
3. Summary of Test Method
3.1 Hot combustion gases are directed along the normal to the specimen until burn-through is achieved.The erosion rate of the
material is determined by dividing the original thickness by the time to burn-through. The insulating effectiveness is determined
from back-face temperature measurements. Insulation index numbers are computed by dividing the times for temperature changes
of 80, 180, and 380°C, from the initial ambient temperature, by the original thickness. The insulation-to-density performance is
computed by dividing the insulation index by the density of the panel.
3.2 The general characteristics of the oxyacetylene heat source are:
2
3.2.1 Heat Flux—835 W/cm (cold-wall calorimeter).
3.2.2 Velocity—210 m/s (cold, unreacted gases).
3.2.3 Neutral flame conditions.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 This test method is intended to screen the most obvious poor materials from further consideration. Since the combustion
gasesmorecloselyresembletheenvironmentgeneratedinrocketmotors,thistestmethodismoreapplicabletoscreeningmaterials
for nozzles and motor liners than for aerodynamic heating.
4.2 Theenvironmentforanyspecifichigh-temperaturethermalprotectionproblemispeculiartothatparticularapplication.The
conditionsgeneratedbytheoxyacetyleneheatsourceinthistestmethodrepresentonlyonesetofconditions;theydonotsimulate
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E21 on Space Simulation and Applications of Space Technology and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee E21.08 on Thermal Protection.
Current edition approved Dec. 8, 1980. Published February 1981. Originally published as E 285 – 65T. Last previous edition E 285 – 70.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2008. Published December 2008. Originally approved in 1965 as E 285 – 65T. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as
E285–80(2002).
2
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,orcontactASTMCustomerServiceatservice@astm.org.ForAnnualBookofASTMStandards
, Vol 08.01.volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, Attn: NPODS.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
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E285–08
anyspecificapplication.Thus,thetestresultscannotbeusedtopredictdirectlythebehaviorofmaterialsforspecificenvironments,
nor can they be used for design purposes. However, over a number of years, the test has been useful in determining the relative
meritofmaterials,particularlyinweed
...
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