ASTM B408-22

Standard Specification for Nickel-Iron-Chromium Alloy Rod and Bar

ABSTRACT
This specification covers nickel-iron-chromium alloys UNS N08120, UNS N08800, UNS N08810, UNS N08811, and UNS N08890 in the form of hot-worked and cold-worked rod and bar. The material shall be subjected to heat treatment, and its composition shall conform to the chemical requirements for nickel, chromium, iron, manganese, carbon, copper, silicon, sulfur, aluminum, titanium, columbium, molybdenum, niobium, tantalum, phosphorus, tungsten, cobalt, nitrogen, and boron. The material shall conform to mechanical property requirements for tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation. Test methods (chemical analysis, tension test, grain size test) shall be performed in accordance to referenced ASTM documents itemized herein.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification2 covers UNS N08120, UNS N08800, UNS N08810, UNS N08811,3 and UNS N08890 in the form of hot-worked and cold-worked rod and bar. Alloy UNS N08800 is normally employed in service temperatures up to and including 1100 °F (593 °C). Alloys UNS N08120, UNS N08810, UNS N08811, and UNS N08890 are normally employed in service temperatures above 1100 °F (593 °C) where resistance to creep and rupture is required, and they are annealed to develop controlled grain size for optimum properties in this temperature range.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to become familiar with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for this product/material as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Apr-2022
• ICS: 77.150.40 - Nickel and chromium products
• Technical Committee: B02 - Nonferrous Metals and Alloys
• Drafting Committee: B02.07 - Refined Nickel and Cobalt and Their Alloys

Relations

• Refers: ASTM E8/E8M-24 - Standard Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2024
• Refers: ASTM B899-16 - Standard Terminology Relating to Non-ferrous Metals and Alloys
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2016
• Refers: ASTM E8/E8M-16 - Standard Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
• Effective Date: 15-Jul-2016
• Refers: ASTM B899-15 - Standard Terminology Relating to Non-ferrous Metals and Alloys
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2015
• Refers: ASTM E8/E8M-15 - Standard Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2015
• Refers: ASTM B899-14 - Standard Terminology Relating to Non-ferrous Metals and Alloys
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2014
• Refers: ASTM E8/E8M-13 - Standard Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2013
• Refers: ASTM B899-13 - Standard Terminology Relating to Non-ferrous Metals and Alloys
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2013
• Refers: ASTM E112-12 - Standard Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2012
• Refers: ASTM E8/E8M-11 - Standard Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2011
• Refers: ASTM E112-10 - Standard Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2010
• Refers: ASTM B899-09 - Standard Terminology Relating to Non-ferrous Metals and Alloys
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2009
• Refers: ASTM B899-09e1 - Standard Terminology Relating to Non-ferrous Metals and Alloys
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2009
• Refers: ASTM E29-08 - Standard Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2008
• Refers: ASTM B880-03(2008) - Standard Specification for General Requirements for Chemical Check Analysis Limits for Nickel, Nickel Alloys and Cobalt Alloys
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2008

Overview

ASTM B408-22 is the internationally-recognized standard specification developed by ASTM for Nickel-Iron-Chromium alloy rod and bar products. This standard covers the requirements for hot-worked and cold-worked rods and bars made of specific nickel-iron-chromium alloys (e.g., UNS N08120, N08800, N08810, N08811, N08890). The products addressed are essential for high-performance applications requiring excellent mechanical strength and corrosion resistance at elevated temperatures.

The specification defines essential criteria for chemical composition, mechanical properties, sizing, finishing, and testing methodologies. It ensures consistent quality and performance for nickel-iron-chromium alloy rods and bars used in demanding industrial environments, including temperature ranges up to and above 1100°F (593°C).

Key Topics

• Covered Alloys: Includes UNS N08120, N08800, N08810, N08811, and N08890 alloys, widely known for their durability and resistance to corrosion and high temperatures.
• Product Forms: Applies to both rods (round solid sections) and bars (rectangular, square, or hexagonal sections), produced via hot-working or cold-working processes.
• Chemical Composition: Specifies precise ranges and limits for nickel, iron, chromium, and key alloying elements, ensuring alloy integrity and performance.
• Mechanical Properties: Defines minimum tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation, verifying product suitability for critical service.
• Heat Treatment: Outlines required solution annealing and heating temperatures for each alloy to attain optimal microstructure and properties.
• Dimensional Tolerances: Details permissible variations in diameter, width, thickness, length, and straightness for both hot-worked and cold-worked products.
• Testing & Certification:
  • Chemical analysis (ASTM E1473)
  • Tension tests (ASTM E8/E8M)
  • Average grain size evaluation (ASTM E112)
  • Product identification, labeling, and lot traceability

Applications

Nickel-iron-chromium alloy rods and bars produced under ASTM B408-22 are crucial in a variety of high-temperature and corrosive industrial settings, including:

• Petrochemical Processing: Equipment for handling acids, hydrocarbons, or corrosive substances, especially at elevated temperatures.
• Nuclear and Power Generation: Components requiring resistance to creep, rupture, and oxidation - such as heat exchangers, boiler tubing, and support grids.
• Thermal Processing: Furnace fixtures, conveyor belts, and radiant tubes, where mechanical integrity must be maintained at high service temperatures.
• Aerospace and Defense: Hardware exposed to extreme thermal conditions and oxidative environments.
• Chemical Manufacturing: Piping, valves, and vessels where both mechanical performance and chemical stability are mandatory.

These alloys’ ability to retain strength, resist corrosion and oxidation, and maintain dimensional stability under cyclic heating/cooling cycles makes them ideal for prolonged high-temperature service.

Related Standards

For comprehensive quality and integration in multi-standard environments, users should be aware of related ASTM standards, including:

• ASTM B880: Chemical check analysis limits for nickel, nickel alloys, and cobalt alloys.
• ASTM B899: Terminology relating to non-ferrous metals and alloys.
• ASTM E8/E8M: Test methods for tension testing of metallic materials.
• ASTM E29: Practices for using significant digits in test data to determine conformance.
• ASTM E112: Methods for determining average grain size.
• ASTM E1473: Test methods for chemical analysis of nickel, cobalt, and high-temperature alloys.
• ASME SB-408: Equivalent specification for boiler and pressure vessel code applications.

Following ASTM B408-22 ensures compatibility with international standardization frameworks and supports optimal material selection and component reliability in critical applications.

Keywords: ASTM B408, nickel-iron-chromium alloys, rod and bar, high-temperature alloy, UNS N08800, UNS N08810, industrial standard, mechanical properties, chemical resistance, specification, petrochemical, power generation.

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:B408 −22
Standard Specification for
Nickel-Iron-Chromium Alloy Rod and Bar
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B408; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This specification covers UNS N08120, UNS N08800,
B880 Specification for General Requirements for Chemical
UNS N08810, UNS N08811, and UNS N08890 in the form of
Check Analysis Limits for Nickel, Nickel Alloys and
hot-worked and cold-worked rod and bar. Alloy UNS N08800
Cobalt Alloys
is normally employed in service temperatures up to and
B899 Terminology Relating to Non-ferrous Metals and Al-
including 1100 °F (593 °C). Alloys UNS N08120, UNS
loys
N08810, UNS N08811, and UNS N08890 are normally em-
E8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Ma-
ployed in service temperatures above 1100 °F (593 °C) where
terials
resistance to creep and rupture is required, and they are
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
annealed to develop controlled grain size for optimum proper-
Determine Conformance with Specifications
ties in this temperature range.
E112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded E1473 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Nickel, Co-
balt and High-Temperature Alloys
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
3. Terminology
and are not considered standard.
3.1 Definitions of Terms:
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1.1 The terms and definitions of Terminology B899 are
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
applicable to this specification.
responsibility of the user of this standard to become familiar
with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for this product/material as provided 3.2.1 bar, n—material of rectangular (flats), hexagonal, or
by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety, health, square solid section up to and including 10 in. (254 mm) in
and environmental practices, and determine the applicability width and ⁄8 in. (3.2 mm) and over in thickness in straight
lengths.
of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.2.1.1 Discussion—Hot-worked rectangular bar in widths
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
10in.(254mm)andundermaybefurnishedashot-rolledplate
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
with sheared or cut edges in accordance with Specification
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
B408, provided the mechanical property requirements of
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
Specification B408 are met.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
4. Ordering Information
4.1 Orders for material to this specification should include
information with respect to the following:
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B02 on
4.1.1 ASTM designation, and year of issue.
Nonferrous Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
4.1.2 Alloy designation or UNS number.
B02.07 on Refined Nickel and Cobalt and Their Alloys.
Current edition approved May 1, 2022. Published May 2022. Originally
approved in 1957. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as B408 – 06 (2016).
DOI: 10.1520/B0408-22.
2 4
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi- For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
cation SB-408 in Section II of that Code. contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
New designations established in accordance with Practice E527 and Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
SAE J1086, Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS). the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
B408−22
TABLE 2 Permissible Variations in Diameter or Distance
4.1.3 Section—Rod (round) or bar (square, hexagonal, or
rectangular). Permissible Variations from Specified
Specified Dimension,
Dimensions, in. (mm)
4.1.4 Dimensions—Dimensions including length (Section 8, A
in. (mm)
+−
Tables 1-4 incl).
Rod and bar, hot-worked:
4.1.5 Condition (Table 5 and Appendix X1).
1 (25.4) and under 0.016 (0.41) 0.016 (0.41)
4.1.6 Finish (Appendix X1).
Over 1 (25.4) to 2 (50.8), incl 0.031 (0.79) 0.016 (0.41)
4.1.7 Quantity (feet or number of pieces). Over 2 (50.8) to 4 (101.6), incl 0.047 (1.19) 0.031 (0.79)
Over 4 (101.6) 0.125 (3.18) 0.063 (1.60)
4.1.8 Certification—State if certification or a report of test
Rod, rough turned or ground:
results is required (Section 16).
Under 1 (25.4) 0.005 (0.13) 0.005 (0.13)
1 (25.4) and over 0.031 (0.79) 0
4.1.9 Samples for Product (Check) Analysis—State whether
B
Forging quality rod
samples for product (check) analysis should be furnished.
Under 1 (25.4) 0.005 (0.13) 0.005 (0.13)
4.1.10 Purchaser Inspection—If purchaser wishes to wit-
1 (25.4) and over 0.031 (0.79) 0
ness tests or inspection of material at place of manufacture, the
A
Dimensions apply to diameter of rods, to distance between parallel surfaces of
purchase order must so state indicating which test or inspec- hexagons and squares, and separately to width and thickness of rectangles.
B
Spot grinding is permitted to remove minor surface imperfections. The depth of
tions are to be witnessed.
these spot ground areas shall not exceed 3 % of the diameter of the rod.
5. Materials and Manufacture
5.1 Heat Treatment—The minimum temperature of the final
heat treatment for each alloy shall be as follows:
5.1.1 UNS N08120—2150 °F (1177 °C);
diameter or between parallel surfaces of cold-worked rod and
5.1.2 UNS N08810—2050 °F (1121 °C);
barshallbeasprescribedinTable1,andofhot-workedrodand
5.1.3 UNS N08811 and UNS N08890—2100 °F (1149 °C).
bar as prescribed in Table 2.
6. Chemical Composition
8.2 Out-of-Round—Hot-worked rods and cold-worked rods
(except“forgingquality”)allsizes,instraightlengths,shallnot
6.1 The material shall conform to the composition limits
be out-of-round by more than one half the total permissible
specified in Table 6.
variations in diameter shown in Table 1 and Table 2, except for
6.2 If a product (check) analysis is performed by the
hot-worked rods ⁄2 in. (12.7 mm) in diameter and under, which
purchaser, the material shall conform to the product (check)
may be out-of-round by the total permissible variations in
analysis variations in Specification B880.
diameter shown in Table 2.
7. Mechanical Properties and Other Requirements
8.3 Corners—Cold-worked bars will have practically exact
7.1 Mechanical Properties—The material shall conform to angles and sharp corners.
the mechanical properties specified in Table 5.
8.4 Machining Allowances for Hot-Worked Materials—
7.2 Grain Size—Annealed UNS Alloys N08120, N08810,
When the surfaces of hot-worked products are to be machined,
N08811, and N08890 shall conform to an average grain size of the allowances prescribed in Table 3 are recommended for
ASTM No. 5 or coarser.
normal machining operations.
8.5 Length—The permissible variations in length of cold-
8. Dimensions and Permissible Variations
worked and hot-worked rod and bar shall be as prescribed in
8.1 Diameter, Thickness, or Width—The permissible varia-
Table 4.
tions from the specified dimensions as measured on the
8.5.1 Rods and bars ordered to random or nominal lengths
will be furnished with either cropped or saw-cut ends; material
TABLE 1 Permissible Variations in Diameter or Distance Between
ordered to cut lengths will be furnished with square saw-cut or
Parallel Surfaces of Cold-Worked Rod and Bar
machined ends.
Permissible Variations from
Specified Dimension,
Specified Dimension, in. (mm)
A
8.6 Straightness:
in. (mm)
+−
8.6.1 The permissible variations in straightness of cold-
Rounds:
worked rod and bar as determined by the departure from
1 3
⁄16 (1.6) to ⁄16 (4.8), excl 0 0.002 (0.05)
3 1
⁄16 (4.8) to ⁄2 (12.7), excl 0 0.003 (0.08) straightness shall be as prescribed in Table 7.
1 15
⁄2 (12.7) to ⁄16 (23.8), incl 0.001 (0.03) 0.002 (0.05)
8.6.2 The permissible variations in straightness of hot-
15 15
Over ⁄16 (23.8) to 1 ⁄16 (49.2), incl 0.0015 (0.04) 0.003 (0.08)
15 1 worked rod and bar as determined by the departure from
Over 1 ⁄16 (49.2) to 2 ⁄2 (63.5), incl 0.002 (0.05) 0.004 (0.10)
Hexagons, squares, rectangles:
straightness shall be as specified in Table 8.
⁄2 (12.7) and less 0 0.004 (0.10)
1 7
Over ⁄2 (12.7) to ⁄8 (22.2), incl 0 0.005 (0.13)
7 1
9. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
Over ⁄8 (22.2) to 1 ⁄4 (31.8), incl 0 0.007 (0.18)
Over 1 ⁄4 (31.8) to 2 (50.8), incl 0 0.009 (0.23)
9.1 The material shall be uniform in quality and condition,
A
Dimensionsapplytodiameterofrounds,todistancebetweenparallelsurfacesof
smooth, commercially straight or flat, and free of injurious
hexagons and squares, and separately to width and thickness of rectangles.
imperfections.
B408−22
TABLE 3 Normal Machining Allowances for Hot-worked Material
Normal Machining Allowance, in. (mm)
Finished-Machined Dimensions for Finishes as
Distance Between Parallel
For Rectangular Bar
A On Diameter,
Indicated Below, in. (mm)
Surfaces, for Hexagonal and
for Rods
On Thickness On Width
Square Bar
B
Hot-worked:
7 1 1 1 3
Up to ⁄8 (22.2), incl ⁄8 (3.2) ⁄8 (3.2) ⁄8 (3.2) ⁄16 (4.8)
7 7 1 3 1 3
Over ⁄8 to 1 ⁄8 (22.2 to 47.6), incl ⁄8 (3.2) ⁄16 (4.8) ⁄8 (3.2) ⁄16 (4.8)
7 7 3 1 3
Over 1 ⁄8 to 2 ⁄8 (47.6 to 73.0), incl ⁄16 (4.8) ⁄4 (6.4) . ⁄16 (4.8)
7 13 1 3
Over 2 ⁄8 to 3 ⁄16 (73.0 to 96.8), incl ⁄4 (6.4) . . ⁄16 (4.8)
13 1 3
Over 3 ⁄16 (96.8) ⁄4 (6.4) . . ⁄8 (9.5)
Hot-worked rods:
C
Rough-turned or Rough Ground:
15 1
⁄16 to 4 (23.8 to 101.6), incl in diameter ⁄16 (1.6) . . .
Over 4 to 12 (101.6 to 304.8), incl in diameter ⁄8 (3.2) . . .
A
Dimensions apply to diameter of rods, to distance between parallel surfaces of hexagonal and square bar, and separately to width and thickness of rectangular bar.
B
Theallowancesforhot-workedmaterialinTable5arerecommendedforrodsmachinedinlengthsof3ft(0.91m)orlessandforbarsmachinedinlengthsof2 ft(0.61 m)
or less. Hot-worked material to be machined in longer lengths should be specified showing the finished cross-sectional dimension and the length in which the material will
be machined in order that the manufacturer may supply material with sufficient oversize, including allowance for out-of-straightness.
C
Applicable to 3 ft (0.91 m) max length.
TABLE 4 Permissible Variations in Length of Rods and Bars
Random mill lengths:
A
Hot-worked 6 to 24 ft (1.83 to 7.31 m) long with not more than 25 weight % between 6 and 9 ft (1.83 and 2.74 m)
Cold-worked 6 to 20 ft (1.83 to 6.1 m) long with not more than 25 weight % between 6 and 10 ft (1.83 and 3.05 m).
Multiple lengths Furnished in multiples of a specified unit length, within the length limits indicated above. For each multiple,
an allowance of ⁄4 in. (6.4 mm) will be made for cutting, unless otherwise specified. At the manufacturer’s option,
individual specified unit lengths may be furnished.
B
Nominal lengths Specified nominal lengths having a range of not less than 2 ft (610 mm) with no short lengths allowed
Cut lengths A specified length to which all rods and bars will be cut with a permissible variation of plus ⁄8 in. (3.2 mm),
minus 0 for sizes 8 in. (203 mm) and less in diameter or distance between parallel surfaces. For larger sizes,
the permissible variation shall be + ⁄4 in. (6.4 mm), − 0.
A
For hot-worked sections weighing over 25 lb ⁄ft (37 kg/m) and for smooth forged products, all sections, short lengths down to 2 ft (610 mm
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: B408 − 06 (Reapproved 2016) B408 − 22
Standard Specification for
Nickel-Iron-Chromium Alloy Rod and Bar
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B408; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Scope*
2 3
1.1 This specification covers UNS N08120, UNS N08800, UNS N08810, UNS N08811, and UNS N08890 in the form of
hot-worked and cold-worked rod and bar. Alloy UNS N08800 is normally employed in service temperatures up to and including
1100°F (593°C).1100 °F (593 °C). Alloys UNS N08120, UNS N08810, UNS N08811, and UNS N08890 are normally employed
in service temperatures above 1100°F (593°C)1100 °F (593 °C) where resistance to creep and rupture is required, and they are
annealed to develop controlled grain size for optimum properties in this temperature range.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to become familiar with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate Safety Data Sheet
(SDS) for this product/material as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvi-
ronmental practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
B880 Specification for General Requirements for Chemical Check Analysis Limits for Nickel, Nickel Alloys and Cobalt Alloys
B899 Terminology Relating to Non-ferrous Metals and Alloys
E8E8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials [Metric] E0008_E0008M
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
E112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size
E1473 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Nickel, Cobalt and High-Temperature Alloys
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms:
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B02 on Nonferrous Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B02.07 on Refined
Nickel and Cobalt and Their Alloys.
Current edition approved June 1, 2016May 1, 2022. Published June 2016May 2022. Originally approved in 1957. Last previous edition approved in 20112016 as B408 – 06
(2011).(2016). DOI: 10.1520/B0408-06R16.10.1520/B0408-22.
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specification SB-408 in Section II of that Code.
New designations established in accordance with Practice E527 and SAE J1086, Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS).
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
B408 − 22
3.1.1 The terms and definitions of Terminology B899 are applicable to this specification.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 bar, n—material of rectangular (flats), hexagonal, or square solid section up to and including 10 in. (254 mm) in width and
⁄8 in. (3.2 mm) and over in thickness in straight lengths.
3.2.1.1 Discussion—
Hot-worked rectangular bar in widths 10 in. (254 mm) and under may be furnished as hot-rolled plate with sheared or cut edges
in accordance with Specification B408, provided the mechanical property requirements of Specification B408 are met.
3.1.2 rod, n—material of round solid section furnished in straight lengths.
4. Ordering Information
4.1 Orders for material to this specification should include information with respect to the following:
4.1.1 ASTM designation, and year of issue.
4.1.2 Alloy designation or UNS number.
4.1.3 Section—Rod (round) or bar (square, hexagonal, or rectangular).
4.1.4 Dimensions—Dimensions including length (Section 8, Tables 1-4 incl).
4.1.5 Condition (Table 5 and Appendix X1).
4.1.6 Finish (Appendix X1).
4.1.7 Quantity (feet or number of pieces).
4.1.8 Certification—State if certification or a report of test results is required (Section 16).
4.1.9 Samples for Product (Check) Analysis—State whether samples for product (check) analysis should be furnished.
4.1.10 Purchaser Inspection—If purchaser wishes to witness tests or inspection of material at place of manufacture, the purchase
order must so state indicating which test or inspections are to be witnessed.
5. Materials and Manufacture
5.1 Heat Treatment—The minimum temperature of the final heat treatment of UNS N08120 shall be 2150°F (1177°C) minimum,
UNS N08810, 2050°F (1121°C) minimum, UNS N08811, and UNS N08890, 2100°F (1149°C) minimum.for each alloy shall be
as follows:
TABLE 1 Permissible Variations in Diameter or Distance Between
Parallel Surfaces of Cold-Worked Rod and Bar
Permissible Variations from
Specified Dimension, in.
Specified Dimension, in. (mm)
A
in. (mm)
+ −
Rounds:
1 3
⁄16 (1.6) to ⁄16 (4.8), excl 0 0.002 (0.05)
3 1
⁄16 (4.8) to ⁄2 (12.7), excl 0 0.003 (0.08)
1 15
⁄2 (12.7) to ⁄16 (23.8), incl 0.001 (0.03) 0.002 (0.05)
15 15
Over ⁄16 (23.8) to 1 ⁄16 (49.2), incl 0.0015 (0.04) 0.003 (0.08)
15 1
Over 1 ⁄16 (49.2) to 2 ⁄2 (63.5), incl 0.002 (0.05) 0.004 (0.10)
Hexagons, squares, rectangles:
⁄2 (12.7) and less 0 0.004 (0.10)
1 7
Over ⁄2 (12.7) to ⁄8 (22.2), incl 0 0.005 (0.13)
7 1
Over ⁄8 (22.2) to 1 ⁄4 (31.8), incl 0 0.007 (0.18)
Over 1 ⁄4 (31.8) to 2 (50.8), incl 0 0.009 (0.23)
A
Dimensions apply to diameter of rounds, to distance between parallel surfaces of
hexagons and squares, and separately to width and thickness of rectangles.
B408 − 22
TABLE 2 Permissible Variations in Diameter or Distance
Permissible Variations from Specified
Specified Dimension,
Dimensions, in. (mm)
in.
A
(mm)
+ −
Rod and bar, hot-worked:
1 (25.4) and under 0.016 (0.41) 0.016 (0.41)
Over 1 (25.4) to 2 (50.8), incl 0.031 (0.79) 0.016 (0.41)
Over 2 (50.8) to 4 (101.6), incl 0.047 (1.19) 0.031 (0.79)
Over 4 (101.6) 0.125 (3.18) 0.063 (1.60)
Rod, rough turned or ground:
Under 1 (25.4) 0.005 (0.13) 0.005 (0.13)
1 (25.4) and over 0.031 (0.79) 0
B
Forging quality rod:
B
Forging quality rod
Under 1 (25.4) 0.005 (0.13) 0.005 (0.13)
1 (25.4) and over 0.031 (0.79) 0
A
Dimensions apply to diameter of rods, to distance between parallel surfaces of
hexagons and squares, and separately to width and thickness of rectangles.
B
Spot Spot grinding is permitted to remove minor surface imperfections. The
depth of these spot ground areas shall not exceed 3 % of the diameter of the rod.
5.1.1 UNS N08120—2150 °F (1177 °C);
5.1.2 UNS N08810—2050 °F (1121 °C);
5.1.3 UNS N08811 and UNS N08890—2100 °F (1149 °C).
6. Chemical Composition
6.1 The material shall conform to the composition limits specified in Table 6.
6.2 If a product (check) analysis is performed by the purchaser, the material shall conform to the product (check) analysis
variations in Specification B880.
7. Mechanical Properties and Other Requirements
7.1 Mechanical Properties—The material shall conform to the mechanical properties specified in Table 5.
7.2 Grain Size—Annealed UNS Alloys N08120, N08810, N08811, and N08890 shall conform to an average grain size of ASTM
No. 5 or coarser.
8. Dimensions and Permissible Variations
8.1 Diameter, Thickness, or Width—The permissible variations from the specified dimensions as measured on the diameter or
between parallel surfaces of cold-worked rod and bar shall be as prescribed in Table 1, and of hot-worked rod and bar as prescribed
in Table 2.
8.2 Out-of-Round—Hot-worked rods and cold-worked rods (except “forging quality”) all sizes, in straight lengths, shall not be
out-of-round by more than one half the total permissible variations in diameter shown in Table 1 and Table 2, except for
hot-worked rods ⁄2 in. (12.7 mm) in diameter and under, which may be out-of-round by the total permissible variations in diameter
shown in Table 2.
8.3 Corners—Cold-worked bars will have practically exact angles and sharp corners.
8.4 Machining Allowances for Hot-Worked Materials—When the surfaces of hot-worked products are to be machined, the
allowances prescribed in Table 3 are recommended for normal machining operations.
8.5 Length—The permissible variations in length of cold-worked and hot-worked rod and bar shall be as prescribed in Table 4.
B408 − 22
TABLE 3 Normal Machining Allowances for Hot-worked Material
Normal Machining Allowance, in. (mm)
Finished-Machined Dimensions for Finishes as
Distance Between Parallel
For Rectangular Bar
A On Diameter,
Indicated Below, in. (mm)
Surfaces, for Hexagonal and
for Rods
On Thickness On Width
Square Bar
B
Hot-worked:
7 1 1 1 3
Up to ⁄8 (22.2), incl ⁄8 (3.2) ⁄8 (3.2) ⁄8 (3.2) ⁄16 (4.8)
7 7 1 3 1 3
Over ⁄8 to 1 ⁄8 (22.2 to 47.6), incl ⁄8 (3.2) ⁄16 (4.8) ⁄8 (3.2) ⁄16 (4.8)
7 7 3 1 3
Over 1 ⁄8 to 2 ⁄8 (47.6 to 73.0), incl ⁄16 (4.8) ⁄4 (6.4) . ⁄16 (4.8)
7 13 1 3
Over 2 ⁄8 to 3 ⁄16 (73.0 to 96.8), incl ⁄4 (6.4) . . ⁄16 (4.8)
13 1 3
Over 3 ⁄16 (96.8) ⁄4 (6.4) . . ⁄8 (9.5)
Hot-worked rods:
C
Rough-turned or Rough Ground:
15 1
⁄16 to 4 (23.8 to 101.6), incl in diameter ⁄16 (1.6) . . .
Over 4 to 12 (101.6 to 304.8), incl in diameter ⁄8 (3.2) . . .
Over 4 to 12 (101.6 to 304.8), incl in diameter ⁄8 (3.2) . . .
A
Dimensions apply to diameter of rods, to distance between parallel surfaces of hexagonal and square bar, and separately to width and thickness of rectangular bar.
B
The allowances for hot-worked material in Table 5 are recommended for rods machined in lengths of 3 ft (0.91 m) or less and for bars machined in lengths of 2 ft (0.61
m) 2 ft (0.61 m) or less. Hot-worked material to be machined in longer lengths should be specified showing the finished cross-sectional dimension and the length in which
the material will be machined in order that the manufacturer may supply material with sufficient oversize, including allowance for out-of-straightness.
C
Applicable to 3 ft (0.91 m) max length.
TABLE 4 Permissible Variations in Length of Rods and Bars
Random mill lengths:
A
Hot-worked 6 to 24 ft (1.83 to 7.31 m) long with not more than 25 weight % between 6 and 9 ft (1.83 and 2.74 m)
A
Hot-worked 6 to 24 ft (1.83 to 7.31 m) long with not more than 25 weight % between 6 and 9 ft (1.83 and 2.74 m)
Cold-worked 6 to 20 ft (1.83 to 6.1 m) long with not more than 25 weight % between 6 and 10 ft (1.83 and 3.05 m).
Multiple lengths furnished in multiples of a specified unit length, within the length limits indicated above. For each multiple,
an allowance of ⁄4 in. (6.4 mm) will be made for cutting, unless otherwise specified. At the manufacturer’s
option, individual specified unit lengths may be furnished.
Multiple lengths Furnished in multiples of a specified unit length, within the length limits indicated above. For each multiple,
an allowance of ⁄4 in. (6.4 mm) will be made for cutting, unless otherwise specified. At the manufacturer’s
option, individual specified unit lengths may be furnished.
B
Nominal lengths specified nominal lengths having a range of not less than 2 ft (610 mm) with no short lengths allowed
B
Nominal lengths Specified nominal lengths having a range of not less than 2 ft (610 mm) with no short lengths allowed
Cut lengths a specified length to which all rods and bars will be cut with a permissible variation of plus ⁄8 in. (3.2 mm),
minus 0 for sizes 8 in. (203 mm) and less in diameter or distance between parallel surfaces. For larger sizes,
the permissible variation shall be + ⁄4 in. (6.4 mm), − 0.
Cut lengths A specified length to which all rods and bars will be cut with a permissible variation of plus ⁄8 in. (3.2 mm),
minus 0 for sizes 8 in. (203 mm) and less in diameter or distance between parallel surfaces. For larger sizes,
the permissible variation shall be + ⁄4 in. (6.4 mm), − 0.
A
For hot-worked sections weighing over 2525 lb lb/ft ⁄ft (37 kg/m) and for smooth forged products, all sections, short lengths down to 2 ft (610 mm) may be furnished.
B
For For cold-worked rods and bars under ⁄2 in. (12.7 mm) in diameter or distance between parallel surfaces ordered to nominal or stock lengths with a 2-ft
(610-mm)(610 mm) range, at least 93 % of such material shall be within the range specified; the balance may be in shorter lengths but in no case shall lengths less than
4 ft (1220 mm) be furnished.
8.5.1 Rods and bars ordered to random or nominal lengths will be furnished with either cropped or saw-cut ends; material ordered
to cut lengths will be furnished with square saw-cut or machined ends.
8.6 Straightness:
8.6.1 The permissible variations in straightness of cold-worked rod and bar as determined by the departure from straightness shall
be as prescribed in Table 7.
8.6.2 The permissible variations in straightness of hot-worked rod and bar as determined by the departure from straightness shall
be as specified in Table 8.
9. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
9.1 The material shall be uniform in quality and condition, smooth, commercially straight or flat, and
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