ASTM F735-11
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Transparent Plastics and Coatings Using the Oscillating Sand Method
Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Transparent Plastics and Coatings Using the Oscillating Sand Method
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Plastic materials, when used as transparencies, covers, or enclosures, are subject to wiping, cleaning, or other types of rubbing actions that cause abrasion. It is the intent of this test method to provide a means of estimating the resistance of such materials to this type and degree of abrasion.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method determines the resistance of transparent plastics and transparent coatings utilized in windows or viewing ports, to surface abrasion using oscillating sand.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.2.1 Exception—The inch-pound units in parentheses are provided for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: F735 − 11
Standard Test Method for
Abrasion Resistance of Transparent Plastics and Coatings
1
Using the Oscillating Sand Method
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationF735;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginal
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope the abrasion, the haze and light transmission are remeasured to
determine any change in these values.
1.1 This test method determines the resistance of transpar-
ent plastics and transparent coatings utilized in windows or 3.2 At the stroke velocity specified in this practice, the
viewing ports, to surface abrasion using oscillating sand.
entire mass of sand shifts significantly within the sand cradle
because of its inertia; therefore the relative motion between
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
sand and specimen at the interface is large.
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
standard. 3.3 The thickness or height of the sand resting on top of the
1.2.1 Exception—The inch-pound units in parentheses are
test specimen remains relatively constant during the motion of
provided for information only. the cradle. Therefore, the average pressure of the sand also
remains constant, giving highly reproducible results over the
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
entire surface of the test specimen.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.4 The degree of abrasion is measured by the amount of
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
changeinluminoustransmissionandhazeafterexposuretothe
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
test.
2. Referenced Documents
4. Significance and Use
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.1 Plastic materials, when used as transparencies, covers,
C136 Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and Coarse
or enclosures, are subject to wiping, cleaning, or other types of
Aggregates
rubbing actions that cause abrasion. It is the intent of this test
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
method to provide a means of estimating the resistance of such
D1003 Test Method for Haze and Luminous Transmittance
materials to this type and degree of abrasion.
of Transparent Plastics
E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test
5. Apparatus
Sieves
5.1 Abrader—The abrader consists of a specimen holder,
sand cradle, drive mechanism, variable power supply and
3. Summary of Test Method
counter. One such example is shown in Fig. 1.
3.1 The test method consists of measuring and recording the
5.1.1 The specimen holder shall have a cutout approxi-
haze and light transmission of a test specimen, mounting the
mately 100 by 100 mm (4 by 4 in.) to receive the specimen.
specimen so that it forms part of the bottom tray (sand cradle),
Alternative specimen holders can be used to test other coupon
covering the specimen with abrading media, and subjecting the
sizes as long as they can be used within the testing limitations
cradle to a specific number of oscillations. After exposure to
defined in this specification. The specimen shall be mounted
flush to within 1 mm (0.04 in.) high with the specimen holder.
5.1.2 The specimen holder forms the bottom of the sand
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F07 on cradle.
Aerospace and Aircraft and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F07.08 on
5.1.3 Sufficient abradent will be used to fill the sand cradle
Transparent Enclosures and Materials.
13-mm (0.50 in.) above the sample surface.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2011. Published January 2012. Originally
5.1.4 A drive mechanism shall provide 300 strokes per
approved in 1981. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as F735 – 06. DOI:
10.1520/F0735-11.
minute of reciprocating motion of approximately 100-mm
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
(4-in.) travel. Motion in one direction is defined as one stroke.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
One forward stroke and one reverse stroke is defined as one
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. oscillation.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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F735 − 11
FIG. 1 Oscillating Sand Abrader
TABLE 1 Properties
E11 Sieve Designation
Mean % on Standard De- Cululative %
5.1.5 Avariablepowersupplyshallbeutilizedtocontrolthe
Sieve viation, % Retained, Mean
U.S. No mm
abrader motor to operate
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:F735–06 Designation:F735–11
Standard Test Method for
Abrasion Resistance of Transparent Plastics and Coatings
1
Using the Oscillating Sand Method
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationF735;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginal
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method determines the resistance of transparent plastics and transparent coatings utilized in windows or viewing
ports, to surface abrasion using oscillating sand.
1.2
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.2.1 Exception—The inch-pound units in parentheses are provided for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C136 Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and Coarse Aggregates
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
D1003 Test Method for Haze and Luminous Transmittance of Transparent Plastics
E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test Sieves
3. Summary of Test Method
3.1 The test method consists of measuring and recording the haze and light transmission of a test specimen, mounting the
specimen so that it forms part of the bottom tray (sand cradle), covering the specimen with abrading media, and subjecting the
cradle to a specific number of oscillations. After exposure to the abrasion, the haze and light transmission are remeasured to
determine any change in these values.
3.2 At the stroke velocity specified in this practice, the entire mass of sand shifts significantly within the sand cradle because
of its inertia; therefore the relative motion between sand and specimen at the interface is large.
3.3 The thickness or height of the sand resting on top of the test specimen remains relatively constant during the motion of the
cradle.Therefore, the average pressure of the sand also remains constant, giving highly reproducible results over the entire surface
of the test specimen.
3.4 The degree of abrasion is measured by the amount of change in luminous transmission and haze after exposure to the test.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 Plastic materials, when used as transparencies, covers, or enclosures, are subject to wiping, cleaning, or other types of
rubbing actions that cause abrasion. It is the intent of this test method to provide a means of estimating the resistance of such
materials to this type and degree of abrasion.
5. Apparatus
5.1 Abrader—Theabraderconsistsofaspecimenholder,sandcradle,drivemechanism,variablepowersupplyandcounter.One
such example is shown in Fig. 1.
5.1.1The specimen holder shall have a cutout approximately 100 by 100 mm (4 by 4 in.) to receive the specimen. The specimen
shall be mounted flush to within 1 mm (0.04 in.) high with the specimen holder.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F07 onAerospace andAircraft and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F07.08 inon Transparent
Enclosures and Materials.
Current edition approved Nov.Dec. 1, 2006.2011. Published December 2006.January 2012. Originally approved in 1981. Last previous edition approved in 20012006 as
F735–94(2001).F735 – 06. DOI: 10.1520/F0735-06.10.1520/F0735-11.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book ofASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F735–11
FIG. 1 Oscillating Sand Abrader
5.1.1 The specimen holder shall have a cutout approximately 100 by 100 mm (4 by 4 in.) to receive the specimen.Alternative
specimen holders can be used to test other coupon sizes as long as they can be used within the testing limitations defined in this
specification. The specimen shall be mounted flush to within 1 mm (0.04 in.) high with the specimen holder.
5.1.2 The specimen holder forms the bottom of the sand cradle.
5.1.3 Suffi
...
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