ASTM E642-91(2014)

Standard Practice for Determining Application Rates and Distribution Patterns from Aerial Application Equipment

ABSTRACT
This practice covers uniform procedures for determining and reporting application rates and distribution patterns from agricultural aircraft. The procedures covered deal with both fixed and rotary-wing aircraft equipped with either liquid or dry material distribution systems. The physical characteristics of the liquid or dry material have an effect on the application rate and the distribution patterns. If inert test solutions for materials are substituted for the materials to be applied, they shall have physical characteristics similar to those of the material to be applied. If toxic materials are used in the tests, all safety precautions prescribed. A complete procedure shall consist of five parts: the first part is the determination of the output rate from the aircraft system, the second part involves the determination of the swath distribution pattern by recovery of the applied materials from suitable collectors, the third part covers the determination of usable swath width for field applications, the fourth part discusses the determination of the rate of application of the spray mixture or dry material, and the fifth and last part is the determination of the uniformity of distribution of several swaths.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers uniform procedures for determining and reporting application rates and distribution patterns from agricultural aircraft. This practice should not be used for making biological performance tests.  
1.2 The procedures covered deal with both fixed and rotary-wing aircraft equipped with either liquid or dry material distribution systems.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Sep-2014
• ICS: 65.060.40 - Plant care equipment
• Technical Committee: E35 - Pesticides, Antimicrobials, and Alternative Control Agents
• Drafting Committee: E35.22 - Pesticide Formulations and Delivery Systems

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM E642-91(2008) - Standard Practice for Determining Application Rates and Distribution Patterns from Aerial Application Equipment
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2014
• Replaced By: ASTM E642-19 - Standard Practice for Determining Application Rates and Distribution Patterns from Aerial Application Equipment
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2019
• Referred By: ASTM F1738-23 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Deposition of Aerially Applied Oil Spill Dispersants
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2014

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: E642 − 91 (Reapproved 2014)
Standard Practice for
Determining Application Rates and Distribution Patterns
1
from Aerial Application Equipment
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E642; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope the materials to be applied, they shall have physical character-
istics similar to those of the material to be applied. If toxic
1.1 Thispracticecoversuniformproceduresfordetermining
materials are used in the tests, all safety precautions prescribed
and reporting application rates and distribution patterns from
by the manufacturer and governmental authority for handling,
agricultural aircraft. This practice should not be used for
loading, application, and disposal of toxic materials shall be
making biological performance tests.
observed.
1.2 The procedures covered deal with both fixed and rotary-
3.2 Pattern tests shall be conducted, with wind speeds not
wing aircraft equipped with either liquid or dry material
exceeding 16 km/h (10 mph), measured 2.5 m (8.2 ft) above
distribution systems.
the land surface or crop canopy. If wind occurs, flights shall be
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
made both into and with the wind to minimize the effects of
standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
wind velocity on ground speed. Flights shall be made parallel
conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for informa-
to or within 20° of the direction of the wind to minimize errors
tion only and are not considered standard.
due to crosswinds.These restrictions do not apply to the output
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
rate tests.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4. Procedure
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4.1 A complete procedure shall consist of five parts:
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.1.1 Determination of the output rate from the aircraft
system.
2. Referenced Documents
2
4.1.2 Determination of the swath distribution pattern by
2.1 ASTM Standards:
recovery of the applied materials from suitable collectors.
E726 Test Method for Particle Size Distribution of Granular
4.1.3 Determination of usable swath width for field appli-
Carriers and Granular Pesticides
cations.
2.2 ASAE Standard:
4.1.4 Determination of the rate of application of the spray
ASAE S327.1 Terminology and Definitions for Agricultural
3
mixture or dry material, and
Chemical Application
4.1.5 Determination of the uniformity of distribution of
3. Test Conditions several swaths.
3.1 The physical characteristics of the liquid or dry material
4.2 Output Rate Determination:
have an effect on the application rate and the distribution
4.2.1 Liquid Materials—Determine the output rate by the
patterns. If inert test solutions for materials are substituted for
amount of liquid discharged from the tank for a measured time
interval while the aircraft is in flight under normal conditions.
The time interval shall be sufficient to permit accurate mea-
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E35 on Pesticides,
surement of liquid discharged and to minimize errors due to
Antimicrobials, and Alternative Control Agents and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee E35.22 on Pesticide Formulations and Delivery Systems.
turning the system on and off. Run the system for at least 30 s
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2014. Published December 2014. Originally
and measure to the nearest 0.5 s. Measure the amount of liquid
approvedin1978.Lastpreviouseditionapprovedin2008asE642 – 91(2008).DOI:
used by either refilling the tank to the initial level or by
10.1520/E0642-91R14.
2
measuring the amount remaining in the tank and subtracting
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
from the initial amount. Measurement precision shall be 62%
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
of the amount discharged in the test. If the liquid dispersal
the ASTM website.
3
system can be operated with the aircraft stationary, the test can
Available from American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers
(ASABE), 2950 Niles Rd., St. Joseph, MI 49085, http://www.asabe.org. be accomplished without actually flying the aircraft. Report
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E642 − 91 (Reapproved 2008) E642 − 91 (Reapproved 2014)
Standard Practice for
Determining Application Rates and Distribution Patterns
1
from Aerial Application Equipment
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E642; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice covers uniform procedures for determining and reporting application rates and distribution patterns from
agricultural aircraft. This practice should not be used for making biological performance tests.
1.2 The procedures covered deal with both fixed and rotary-wing aircraft equipped with either liquid or dry material distribution
systems.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions
to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E726 Test Method for Particle Size Distribution of Granular Carriers and Granular Pesticides
2.2 ASAE Standard:
3
ASAE S327.1 Terminology and Definitions for Agricultural Chemical Application
3. Test Conditions
3.1 The physical characteristics of the liquid or dry material have an effect on the application rate and the distribution patterns.
If inert test solutions for materials are substituted for the materials to be applied, they shall have physical characteristics similar
to those of the material to be applied. If toxic materials are used in the tests, all safety precautions prescribed by the manufacturer
and governmental authority for handling, loading, application, and disposal of toxic materials shall be observed.
3.2 Pattern tests shall be conducted, with wind speeds not exceeding 16 km/h (10 mph), measured 2.5 m (8.2 ft) above the land
surface or crop canopy. If wind occurs, flights shall be made both into and with the wind to minimize the effects of wind velocity
on ground speed. Flights shall be made parallel to or within 20° of the direction of the wind to minimize errors due to crosswinds.
These restrictions do not apply to the output rate tests.
4. Procedure
4.1 A complete procedure shall consist of five parts:
4.1.1 Determination of the output rate from the aircraft system.
4.1.2 Determination of the swath distribution pattern by recovery of the applied materials from suitable collectors.
4.1.3 Determination of usable swath width for field applications.
4.1.4 Determination of the rate of application of the spray mixture or dry material, and
4.1.5 Determination of the uniformity of distribution of several swaths.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E35 on Pesticides, Antimicrobials, and Alternative Control Agents and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee E35.22 on Pesticide Formulations and Delivery Systems.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2008Oct. 1, 2014. Published November 2008December 2014. Originally approved in 1978. Last previous edition approved in 20022008
as E642 – 91(2002).(2008). DOI: 10.1520/E0642-91R08.10.1520/E0642-91R14.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers (ASABE), 2950 Niles Rd., St. Joseph, MI 49085, http://www.asabe.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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E642 − 91 (2014)
4.2 Output Rate Determination:
4.2.1 Liquid Materials—Determine the output rate by the amount of liquid discharged from the tank for a measured time interval
while the aircraft is in flight under normal conditions. The time interval shall be sufficient to permit accurate measurement of liquid
discharged and to minimize errors due to turning the system on and off. Run the system for at least 30 s an
...