ASTM D6830-02(2008)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Characterizing the Pressure Drop and Filtration Performance of Cleanable Filter Media
Standard Test Method for Characterizing the Pressure Drop and Filtration Performance of Cleanable Filter Media
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method determines the comparative performance of filter media. The results can be used for design, manufacturing, construction and selection of filter media.
Results obtained by this test method should not be used to predict absolute performance on full scale fabric filter (baghouse) facilities, however these results will be useful in selection of proper filter media and identification of recommended operating parameters for these full scale fabric filter facilities.
Dust types vary greatly; therefore, the results obtained using the standard dust should not be extrapolated to other dust types.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method characterizes the operational performance of cleanable filter media under specified laboratory conditions.
1.2 This test method determines the airflow resistance, drag, cleaning requirements, and particulate filtration performance of pulse cleaned filter media.
1.3 This test method determines the comparative performance of cleanable filter media.
1.4 The results obtained from this test method are useful in the design, construction, and selection of filter media.
1.5 The results obtained by this test method should not be used to predict absolute performance of full scale fabric filter (baghouse) facilities, however these results will be useful in selection of proper filter media and identification of recommended operating parameters for these full scale fabric filter facilities.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values in parenthesis are for information only.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation: D6830 − 02(Reapproved 2008)
Standard Test Method for
Characterizing the Pressure Drop and Filtration
Performance of Cleanable Filter Media
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6830; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D737 Test Method for Air Permeability of Textile Fabrics
E832 Specification for Laboratory Filter Papers
1.1 This test method characterizes the operational perfor-
F740 Definitions ofTerms Relating to Filtration (Withdrawn
mance of cleanable filter media under specified laboratory
2002)
conditions.
2.2 Other Standards:
1.2 This test method determines the airflow resistance, drag,
Draft Generic Verification Protocol for Baghouse Filtration
cleaningrequirements,andparticulatefiltrationperformanceof
Products
pulse cleaned filter media.
Standard Operating Procedures for Verification Testing of
1.3 This test method determines the comparative perfor-
Baghouse Filtration Products Using LTG/FEMA Test
mance of cleanable filter media.
Apparatus, Draft, December
VDI 3926, Part 2 Testing of Filter Media for Cleanable
1.4 The results obtained from this test method are useful in
Filters under Operational Conditions
the design, construction, and selection of filter media.
1.5 The results obtained by this test method should not be
3. Terminology
used to predict absolute performance of full scale fabric filter
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
(baghouse) facilities, however these results will be useful in
3.1.1 fabric conditioning period—the period during which
selection of proper filter media and identification of recom-
the fabric specimen is conditioned within the test apparatus by
mended operating parameters for these full scale fabric filter
subjecting it to 10 000 rapid compressed air cleaning pulses at
facilities.
3-5 seconds between pulses. During the conditioning period
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
the specimen is subjected to test method specifications for dust
standard. The values in parenthesis are for information only.
and gas flow rates.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1.2 fabric recovery period—time period following the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
conditioning period during which the fabric is allowed to
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
recoverfromrapidpulsing.Thefabricrecoveryperiodrequires
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
30 filtration cycles under normal filtration cycles. During the
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
recovery period the fabric is subjected to test method specifi-
cations for dust and gas flow rates.
2. Referenced Documents
3.1.3 filtration velocity—volumetric is the flow rate per unit
2.1 ASTM Standards:
face area. Also referred to as gas-to-cloth ratio (G/C), or
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
air-to-cloth ratio (A/C).
D461 Test Methods for Felt (Withdrawn 2003)
3.1.4 filtration cycle—a cycle in the filtration process in
which the particulate matter is allowed to form a dust cake on
the face area of the test specimen with no disturbances from a
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D22 on Air
Quality and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.03 on Ambient
pulse of compressed air to clean the dust cake from the test
Atmospheres and Source Emissions.
Current edition approved April 1, 2008. Published July 2008. Originally
approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D6830 - 02. DOI:
10.1520/D6830-02R08. Generic Verification Protocol For Baghouse Filtration Products, RTI, Research
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Triangle Park, NC, September 2001.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Test/QA Plan For The Verification Testing of Baghouse Filtration Products,
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on ETS, Inc., October 2000.
the ASTM website. Verein Deutscher Ingenieure (VDI 3926, Part 2), "Testing of Filter Media For
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on Cleanable Filters under Operational Conditions," December, 1994. Availble from
www.astm.org. Beuth Verlag GmBH, 10772 Berlin, Germany.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D6830 − 02 (2008)
specimen. The filtration cycle is the time period between two duct of the test apparatus to insure that isokinetic sampling
consecutive cleaning or pulse cycles. rates through the impactor are maintained.
4.3.1 If measuring for PM 2.5 it is advised that the perfor-
3.1.5 filtrationcycletime—thedurationoftime,measuredin
mancetestperiodbeincreasedfrom120minutestoatleast360
seconds or minutes, defined by one filtration cycle. Also
minutes to allow for adequate weight gains on each collection
referred to as time between cleaning cycles, or pulse cycles.
stage of the impactor.
3.1.6 normal filtration cycle—a filtration cycle specified for
4.4 Initial residual pressure drop, average residual pressure
this test method in which the dust cake is allowed to form on
drop, residual pressure drop increase, number of filtration
the test specimen until a differential pressure of 1000 Pa (4 in.
cycles, and average filtration cycle time are monitored and
w.g.) is reached. At this point, the test specimen is cleaned by
recorded during the performance test period. Table 1 and Table
a pulse of compressed air from the clean gas side. After the
2 provide test specifications and test conditions respectively.
pulse action is completed the next filtration cycle begins
Table 3 provides a listing of results that will be obtained from
continuing until the pressure differential reaches 1000 Pa, thus
this test.
initiating the next pulse.
5. Significance and Use
3.1.7 PM- particulate matter—also used interchangeably
with “dust” when referring to test dust specifications or inlet
5.1 This test method determines the comparative perfor-
particulate matter flow rates.
mance of filter media. The results can be used for design,
manufacturing, construction and selection of filter media.
3.1.8 PM 2.5—particulate matter nominally 2.5 microme-
tres and less in equivalent aerodynamic diameter.
5.2 Results obtained by this test method should not be used
3.1.9 performance test period—a 120 minute test period to predict absolute performance on full scale fabric filter
following the fabric recovery period (360 minutes minimum (baghouse) facilities, however these results will be useful in
for PM 2.5 measurements) during which measurements for selection of proper filter media and identification of recom-
particulate emissions, residual pressure drop, number of filtra- mended operating parameters for these full scale fabric filter
tion cycles, and filtration cycle time are monitored and re- facilities.
corded. During the performance test period pulse cleaning is
5.3 Dust types vary greatly; therefore, the results obtained
triggered at a differential pressure of 1000 Pa (4 in. w.g.)
using the standard dust should not be extrapolated to other dust
measured across the test specimen. Gas and dust flows are
types.
maintained at test specification flow rates.
6. Interferences
3.1.10 residual pressure drop—the air flow resistance mea-
6.1 Any variations in the test conditions or test apparatus
sured across the test specimen, as measured three seconds after
that may alter the physical properties of the dispersed test dust
cleaning the test specimen with a pulse of compressed air,Also
particles may affect the precision of the test results.
referred to as residual differential pressure, P, residual delta P,
6.1.1 These properties include static charge, cohesion, ef-
or dP,or ∆p .
r r
fective particle size, or any other property that affects the
3.2 Definitions:For definitions of other terms used in this
ability of the dust particles to actually reach the surface of the
test method, refer to Terminologies D123 and F740, as well as
test specimen or that affects the interaction between the dust
11.1 of this test method.
particles and the filtration surface during the filtration or pulse
cleaning process.
4. Summary of Test Method
6.1.2 The test dust is known to have minor differences in
4.1 Afabric filter sample is challenged with a standard dust
particle size from shipment to shipment and lot number to lot
(particulate matter) under simulated baghouse conditions at
number. It is not fully understood what impact, if any, these
specified rates for air and dust flow.
deviations have on the test results. With each new shipment
and every three months thereafter, the dust particle size should
4.2 The test consists of three test runs. Each run consists of
be characterized using the handling, preparation, and testing
three sequential phases or test periods during which dust and
procedures specified in this test method. In addition the impact
gas flow rates are continuously maintained to test specification.
of the dust on differential pressure and weight gain values of a
4.2.1 The test phases are:
reference fabric should be established and testing of the dust
4.2.1.1 A conditioning period consisting of 10 000 rapid
andreferencefabricshouldbeconductedquarterlythereafterto
pulse filtration cycles to simulate long term operation,
allow for comparisons with the established values.
4.2.1.2 A30 normal filtration cycle recovery period to allow
6.1.3 Inadequate dispersion of the test dust may affect the
the test specimen to recover from rapid pulsing, and
precision of test results. Any surface with which the dust
4.2.1.3 A two-hour performance test period, consisting of
contacts after it leaves the feeder should be made in strict
normal filtration cycles, during which measurements for par-
accordance with the specification. The use of alternate mate-
ticulate emissions are determined by gravimetric measurement
rials for internal surfaces of the raw and clean gas duct may
of the particulate matter which passes through the test speci-
cause the charge on the dust particles to be altered
men.
triboelectrically, which may affect the results.
4.3 PM 2.5 emission determinations can also be conducted 6.1.4 The relative humidity and temperature at which the
by employing a cascade impactor and modifying the clean gas test is conducted is known to have an effect on the test results.
D6830 − 02 (2008)
TABLE 1 Test Specifications
A B
Constant Parameter Nominal Value Acceptable Bias Acceptable Precision Instrument Frequency
Test Dust Particle SizePercentag 50 % < 2.5 µm +40 % -10 % ±0.0001 g Filter Andersen Impactor, Model 50-900 Quarterly and Each New Batch
(Pural NF) (Avg. 3 runs) (Avg. 3 runs) mass Gain per (as Determined by Analytical Balance)
weighing
Test Dust Mass Mean 1.5 µm ±1 µm ±0.0001 g Filter Andersen Impactor, Model 50-900 Quarterly and Each New Batch
Aerodynamic Diameter (Avg. 3 runs) (Avg. 3 runs) mass Gain per (as Determined by Analytical Balance)
(Pural NF ) weighing
Filter Sample Diameter, mm (in.) 150 ±1.6 ±1.6 Filter Cutter Each Test Specimen
1 1
(Exposed diameter is 140 mm, (5.88) ( ⁄16) ( ⁄16)
5.51 in.)
Inlet Raw Gas Flowrate, m /h 5.8 ±0.3 ±0.01 Mass Flow Controller Each Test. Calibrate @ 6 Month
(cfm) (3.4) (0.2 ) (0.006)
Clean Gas Flowrate, m /h (cfm) 1.8 ±0.9 ±0.01 Mass Flow Controller Each Test. Calibrate @ 6 Month
(1.10) (0.06) (0.006)
Sample Gas Flowrate, m /h (cfm) 1.13 ±0.06 ±0.01 Mass Flow Controller Each Test. Calibrate @ 6 Month
(0.67) (0.03) (0.006)
Filtration Velocity 120 ±6 ±1.2 Mass Flow Controller and Each Test. Calibrate
C
(G/C Ratio) , m/h (fpm) (6.6) (0.3) (0.07) Filter Sample Area Every 6 Months
Pressure Drop Trigger for 1000 Pa ±0.127 cm w.g ±0.127 cm w.g Pressure Transducer Each Test
Cleaning (4.0 in. w.g) (0.05 in. w.g) (0.05 in. w.g)
Rapid Pulse Cleaning Cycles (0 - 3 ±1 ±1 Datalogger Clock Beginning of Each Test
10 000), s
Pulse Duration, ms 50.0 ±5.0 ±1.0 Pulse Regulator Each Test
Pulse Cleaning Pressure, MPa 0.5 ±0.03 ±0.007 Pulse Regulator Each Test
(psi) (75.0) (5.0 ) (1.0)
Gas Temperature, °F (°C) 77 (25) ±4 (2) ±1 Thermocouple Each Test
Inlet Dust Concentration, g/dscm 18.4 (8.0) ±3.6 (1.6) ±0.22(0.1 ) Dust Load Cell and Mass Flow Controller Continuously
(gr/dscf)
Minimum Aggregate Mass Gain 0.0001 ± 0.00005 Andersen Impactor, Model 50-900 Each Test
for Impactor (as Determined by Analytical Balance)
Substrate Filters, g
Charge Neutralizer Polonium-210 Alpha Source Replace Annually
Dust Feeder Operation, g/h 100 ±20 ±20 Dust Load Cell Each Dust Loading Operation
A
Acceptable bias = For the test to be valid, the instrument reading must record a value within listed range. For example, the ±4 degrees accuracy means that the temperature reading of the gas must be within the range
of 73 to 81°F.
B
Precision = The precision of the instrument reading. For example, the thermometer or thermocouple that is used to measure temperature must record temperature within 1 degree of actual.
C 2 3 2
Filtration Velocity (G/C) = Clean Gas Stream Volume / Exposed Area of Filter Sample = 1.10 cfm / 0.166 ft = 6.6 fpm. 1.85 m /h/ 0.01539 m = 120 m/h.
D6830 − 02 (2008)
TABLE 2 Test Conditions
to prevent contamination or damage caused by the dust. The
Test parameter Value test specimen is cleaned periodically by pulsing with com-
Dust concentration 18.4 ± 3.6 g/dscm
pressed air. The cleaning system consists of a compressed air
(8.0 ± 1.6 gr/dscf)
tank, a quick action diaphragm valve, and a blow tube with
Filtration velocity (G/C) (G/C) 120±6m/h
(6.6 ± 0.5 fpm) nozzle facing the downstream side of the test specimen. The
Pressure loss before cleaning 1,000 ± 12 Pa
dust that penetrates the test specimen is captured on a high
(4±0.05in.w.g.)
efficiency filter. The pressure drop across the test specimen is
Tank pressure 0.5 ± 0.03 MPa
(75±5psi)
measuredandrecordedeverythreesecondsthroughoutthetest.
Valve opening time 50±5ms
Fig. 1 provides a schematic of the test apparatus. The test
Air temperature 25 ± 2°C
apparatus consists of the following components.
(78 ± 4°F)
Relative humidity 50 ± 10 %
7.1.1 A continuous dust feeding system capable of provid-
Raw gas stream flow rate 5.8 m /h
ing dust feed rates ranging from 80 to 120 grams per hour.
(3.4 cfm)
7.1.2 APolonium-210 alpha source for neutralizing the test
Sample gas stream flow rate 1.13 m /h
(For impactor tests
...
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