ASTM D2347-00(2015)

Standard Test Method for Measuring Area of Leather Test Specimens

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method is designed to measure the area of specimens before and after they are subjected to various tests that may effect surface area. Two test procedures wherein such measurements could be used are for the apparent density of leather and the resistance of leather to synthetic perspiration solution.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the surface area of leather test specimens. Unless otherwise specified, the surface to be measured shall be the grain surface or the surface most closely adjacent to the grain surface. This test method does not apply to wet blue.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Apr-2015
• ICS: 59.140.30 - Leather and furs
• Technical Committee: D31 - Leather
• Drafting Committee: D31.07 - Physical Properties

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D2347 − 00 (Reapproved 2015)
Standard Test Method for
Measuring Area of Leather Test Specimens
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2347; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope measurements could be used are for the apparent density of
leather and the resistance of leather to synthetic perspiration
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the surface
solution.
area of leather test specimens. Unless otherwise specified, the
surface to be measured shall be the grain surface or the surface
5. Apparatus
most closely adjacent to the grain surface. This test method
5.1 Die, of appropriate size for round or rectangular leather
does not apply to wet blue.
specimens, having uniform dimensions in the 50 to 80 mm
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
range. When rigid and thick leathers, such as sole leathers, are
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
being measured, a knife may be used to produce the test
standard.
specimen provided straight edges are obtained.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
5.2 Mallet or Clicking Machine.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
5.3 Rule or Steel Tape, graduated to 1.0 mm.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
5.4 Caliper, graduated to 1.0 mm (recommended for sole
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
leather).
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
6. Test Specimen
2. Referenced Documents
6.1 The specimen shall be a circular or rectangular piece of
2.1 ASTM Standards:
leather cut from leather sides or skins that have been condi-
D1610 Practice for Conditioning Leather and Leather Prod-
tioned in accordance with Practice D1610 for 48hinan
ucts for Testing
atmosphere maintained at 73.4 6 1.8°F (23 6 1°C) and 50 6
4 % relative humidity.
3. Terminology
6.2 The specimens used in this test method generally range
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
in area from 1500 to 10 000 mm .
3.1.1 area of a circular specimen—the average diameter
π
6.3 Do not die out or cut specimens from areas that show
squared and multiplied by and reported to the nearest 1 mm .
surface defects such as indentations, creases, or cuts.
3.1.2 area of a rectangular specimen—the product of the
average distance across the width of the grain surface multi-
7. Procedure
plied by the average distance across the length of the grain
7.1 Place the specimen with the grain side up on a flat
surface of the leather specimen to the nearest 1 mm .
surface and spread it out without pulling or stretching. Using a
rule or steel tape for flexible leathers and a caliper for sole
4. Significance and Use
leathers, make three measurements equally spaced along the
4.1 This test method is designed to measure the area of
widthandthreemeasurementsalongthelengthofthespecimen
specimens before and after they are subjected to various tests
to the nearest 1.0 mm.
that may effect surface area. Two test procedures wherein such
7.2 Measure the diameter of the specimen by placing a rule
or steel tap
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D2347 − 00 (Reapproved 2010) D2347 − 00 (Reapproved 2015)
Standard Test Method for
Measuring Area of Leather Test Specimens
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2347; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the surface area of leather test specimens. Unless otherwise specified, the
surface to be measured shall be the grain surface or the surface most closely adjacent to the grain surface. This test method does
not apply to wet blue.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1610 Practice for Conditioning Leather and Leather Products for Testing
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
π
3.1.1 area of a circular specimen—the average diameter squared and multiplied by and reported to the nearest 1 mm .
3.1.2 area of a rectangular specimen—the product of the average distance across the width of the grain surface multiplied by
the average distance across the length of the grain surface of the leather specimen to the nearest 1 mm .
4. Significance and Use
4.1 This test method is designed to measure the area of specimens before and after they are subjected to various tests that may
effect surface area. Two test procedures wherein such measurements could be used are for the apparent density of leather and the
resistance of leather to synthetic perspiration solution.
5. Apparatus
5.1 Die, of appropriate size for round or rectangular leather specimens, having uniform dimensions in the 50 to 80 mm range.
When rigid and thick leathers, such as sole leathers, are being measured, a knife may be used to produce the test specimen provided
straight edges are obtained.
5.2 Mallet or Clicking Machine.
5.3 Rule or Steel Tape, graduated to 1.0 mm.
5.4 Caliper, graduated to 1.0 mm (recommended for sole leather).
6. Test Specimen
6.1 The specimen shall be a circular or rectangular piece of leather cut from leather sides or skins that have been conditioned
in accordance with Practice D1610 for 48 h in an atmosphere maintained at 73.4 6 1.8°F (23 6 1°C) and 50 6 4 % relative
humidity.
6.2 The specimens used in this test method generally range in area from 1500 to 10 000 mm .
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D31 on Leather and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D31.07 on Physical Properties.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2010May 1, 2015. Published November 2010July 2015. Originally approved in 1965. Last previous edition approved in 20052010 as
D2347 – 00 (2005).(2010). DOI: 10.1520/D2347-00R10.10.1520/D2347-00R15.
For referenced ASTM
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