ASTM D2275-14

Standard Test Method for Voltage Endurance of Solid Electrical Insulating Materials Subjected to Partial Discharges (Corona) on the Surface

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is useful in research and quality control for evaluating insulating materials and systems since they provide for the measurement of the endurance used to compare different materials to the action of corona on the external surfaces. A poor result on this test does not indicate that the material is a poor selection for use at high voltage or at high voltage stress in the absence of surface corona; surface corona is not the same as corona that occurs in internal cavities. (See Test Methods D3382.)  
5.2 This test method is also useful for comparison between materials of the same relative thickness. When agreed upon between the buyer and the seller, it is acceptable to express any differences in terms of relative time to failure or the magnitude of voltage stress (kV/mm or kV/in.) required to produce failure in a specified number of hours.  
5.3 It is possible for this test method to also be used to examine the effects of different processing parameters on the same insulating material, such as residual strains produced by quenching, high levels of crystallinity or molding processes that control the concentration and sizes of gas-filled cavities.  
5.4 The data are generated in the form of a set of values of lifetimes at a voltage. The dispersion of failure times is analyzed using one of the methods below:  
5.4.1 Weibull Probability Plot.  
5.4.2 Statistically (see IEEE 930-1987 for additional information), to yield an estimate of the central value of the distribution and its standard deviation.  
5.4.3 Truncating a test at the time of the fifth failure of a set of nine and using that time as the measure of the central tendency. Two such techniques are described in 10.2.  
5.5 This test method intensifies some of the more commonly met conditions of corona attack so that materials are able to be evaluated in a time that is relatively short compared to the life of the equipment. As with most accelerated life tests, caution is necessary in extra...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method determines the voltage endurance of solid electrical insulating materials for use at commercial power frequencies under the action of corona (see Note 1). This test method is more meaningful for rating materials with respect to their resistance to prolonged ac stress under corona conditions for comparative evaluation between materials.
Note 1: The term “corona” is used almost exclusively in this test method instead of “partial discharge,” because it is a visible glow at the edge of the electrode interface that is the result of partial discharge. Corona, as defined in Terminology D1711, is “visible partial discharges in gases adjacent to a conductor.”  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 7.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Oct-2014
• ICS: 29.035.01 - Insulating materials in general
• Technical Committee: D09 - Electrical and Electronic Insulating Materials
• Drafting Committee: D09.12 - Electrical Tests

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D2275 − 14
Standard Test Method for
Voltage Endurance of Solid Electrical Insulating Materials
1
Subjected to Partial Discharges (Corona) on the Surface
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2275; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D3382Test Methods for Measurement of Energy and Inte-
grated Charge Transfer Due to Partial Discharges (Co-
1.1 This test method determines the voltage endurance of
rona) Using Bridge Techniques
solid electrical insulating materials for use at commercial
2.2 Special Technical Publications:
powerfrequenciesundertheactionofcorona(seeNote1).This
2
Symposium on Corona, STP 198,ASTM, 1956
test method is more meaningful for rating materials with
Corona Measurement and Interpretation, Engineering
respect to their resistance to prolonged ac stress under corona
2
Dielectrics, Vol 1, STP 669, ASTM, 1979
conditions for comparative evaluation between materials.
2.3 International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) Docu-
NOTE 1—The term “corona” is used almost exclusively in this test
ments:
method instead of “partial discharge,” because it is a visible glow at the
IECPublication60343RecommendedTestMethodsforDe-
edge of the electrode interface that is the result of partial discharge.
termining the Relative Resistance of Insulating Materials
Corona,asdefinedinTerminologyD1711,is“visiblepartialdischargesin
3
to Breakdown by Surface Discharges
gases adjacent to a conductor.”
2.4 Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE)
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
Document:
standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
IEEE 930-1987Guide for the StatisticalAnalysis of Electri-
conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for informa-
4
cal Insulation Voltage Endurance Data
tion only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3. Terminology
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of other terms used in this
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
standard,refertoTerminologyD1711andTestMethodD1868.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard
3.2.1 surface corona, n—corona that exists in the electri-
statements, see Section 7.
callystressedgaswhereelectrodesarenearinsulationsurfaces.
2. Referenced Documents
3.2.2 threshold voltage—that voltage below which failure
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
will not occur under the test conditions irrespective of the
D149Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage and
duration of the test.
DielectricStrengthofSolidElectricalInsulatingMaterials
3.2.3 voltage endurance, n—the time that an insulating
at Commercial Power Frequencies
material can withstand a prolonged alternating voltage stress
D618Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
under the action of surface corona.
D1711Terminology Relating to Electrical Insulation
3.2.4 voltage stress-time curve, n—aplotofthelogarithmof
D1868Test Method for Detection and Measurement of
themeanormediantimetofailureofamaterialagainstvoltage
Partial Discharge (Corona) Pulses in Evaluation of Insu-
stress (or the logarithm of voltage stress) for a particular set of
lation Systems
test conditions.
3.2.4.1 Discussion—Theplotisthequantitativedepictionof
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D09 on
the voltage stress endurance over a range of voltage stress for
Electrical and Electronic Insulating Materials and is the direct responsibility of
the conditions of test, and for the thickness tested. The curves
Subcommittee D09.12 on Electrical Tests.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2014. Published December 2014. Originally of a material obtained at two thicknesses are different.
ε1
approved in 1964. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D2275–01 (2008) .
DOI: 10.1520/D2275-14.
2 3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
4
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE),
the ASTM website. 445 Hoes Ln., P.O. Box 1331, Piscataway, NJ 08854-1331, http://www.ieee.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C7
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: D2275 − 01 (Reapproved 2008) D2275 − 14
Standard Test Method for
Voltage Endurance of Solid Electrical Insulating Materials
1
Subjected to Partial Discharges (Corona) on the Surface
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2275; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—The units statement in subsection 1.2 was corrected and old footnote ten deleted to conform to ASTM guide-
lines on sole source editorially in July 2008.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method differentiates among determines the voltage endurance of solid electrical insulating materials for use at
commercial power frequencies with respect to their voltage endurance under the action of corona (see Note 1). In general, this This
test method is more meaningful for rating materials with respect to their resistance to prolonged a-cac stress under corona
conditions than is dielectric strength. for comparative evaluation between materials.
NOTE 1—The term “corona” is used almost exclusively in this test method instead of “partial discharge”,discharge,” because it is a visible glow at the
edge of the smaller electrode. This is a difference in location,electrode interface that is the result of partial discharge. Corona, as defined in Terminology
D1711not in kind. Partial discharges also occur at the edges of electrodes, and in general corona describes an electrical discharge irrespective of its
location. , is “visible partial discharges in gases adjacent to a conductor.”
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions
to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 7.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D149 Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage and Dielectric Strength of Solid Electrical Insulating Materials at
Commercial Power Frequencies
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
D1711 Terminology Relating to Electrical Insulation
D1868 Test Method for Detection and Measurement of Partial Discharge (Corona) Pulses in Evaluation of Insulation Systems
D5032D3382 Practice for Maintaining Constant Relative Humidity by Means of Aqueous Glycerin SolutionsTest Methods for
Measurement of Energy and Integrated Charge Transfer Due to Partial Discharges (Corona) Using Bridge Techniques
3
D6054 Practice for Conditioning Electrical Insulating Materials for Testing (Withdrawn 2012)
E41 Terminology Relating To Conditioning
E104 Practice for Maintaining Constant Relative Humidity by Means of Aqueous Solutions
E171 Practice for Conditioning and Testing Flexible Barrier Packaging
2.2 Special Technical Publications:
2
Symposium on Corona, STP 198, ASTM, 1956.1956
2
Corona Measurement and Interpretation,Engineering Dielectrics, Vol 1, STP 669, ASTM, 1979.1979
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D09 on Electrical and Electronic Insulating Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D09.12 on Electrical Tests.
Current edition approved May 1, 2008Nov. 1, 2014. Published July 2008December 2014. Originally approved in 1964. Last previous edition approved in 20012008 as
ε1
D2275 – 01.D2275 – 01 (2008) . DOI: 10.1520/D2275-01R08E01.10.1520/D2275-14.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D2275 − 14
2.3 International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) Documents:
IEC Publication 60343 Recommended test methodsTest Methods for determiningDetermining the relative resistance of
insulating materials to breakdown by surface dischargesRelative Resistance of Insulating Materials to Br
...