iTeh StandardsiTeh Standards
EURUSD
Your shopping cart is empty.
ASTM

ASTM A995-98

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Castings, Austenitic-Ferritic (Duplex) Stainless Steel, for Pressure-Containing Parts

Standard Specification for Castings, Austenitic-Ferritic (Duplex) Stainless Steel, for Pressure-Containing Parts

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers austenitic-ferritic (duplex) stainless steel castings for valves, flanges, fittings, and other pressure-containing parts.  
1.2 The duplex stainless steels offer a combination of enhanced mechanical properties and corrosion resistance when properly balanced in composition and properly heat treated. Ferrite levels are not specified, but these grades will develop a range of approximately 30 to 60 % ferrite with the balance austenite. It is the responsibility of the purchaser to determine which grade shall be furnished depending on design and service conditions, mechanical properties, and corrosion-resistant characteristics.  
Note 1 - Because of the possibility of precipitation of embrittling phases, the grades included in this specification are not recommended for service at temperatures above 600 degrees F. (315 degrees C).  
1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification.

General Information

Status
Withdrawn
Publication Date
31-Dec-1998
ICS
77.140.80 - Iron and steel castings
Technical Committee
A01 - Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys
Drafting Committee
A01.18 - Castings
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM A995/A995M-98(2003) - Standard Specification for Castings, Austenitic-Ferritic (Duplex) Stainless Steel, for Pressure-Containing Parts
Effective Date
10-Apr-2003

Buy Standard

ASTM A995-98 - Standard Specification for Castings, Austenitic-Ferritic (Duplex) Stainless Steel, for Pressure-Containing PartsASTM A995-98 - Standard Specification for Castings, Austenitic-Ferritic (Duplex) Stainless Steel, for Pressure-Containing Parts
PreviousNext
Technical specification
ASTM A995-98 - Standard Specification for Castings, Austenitic-Ferritic (Duplex) Stainless Steel, for Pressure-Containing Parts
English language
3 pages
sale 15% off
Preview
sale 15% off
Preview

Standards Content (Sample)

Designation: A 995 – 98
AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS
100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
Reprinted from the Annual Book of ASTM Standards. Copyright ASTM
Standard Specification for
Castings, Austenitic-Ferritic (Duplex) Stainless Steel, for
1
Pressure-Containing Parts
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 995; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
4
1. Scope Systematic Manual Point Count
1.1 This specification covers austenitic-ferritic (duplex)
3. Terminology
stainless steel castings for valves, flanges, fittings, and other
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
pressure-containing parts.
3.1.1 duplex stainless steel—an iron-chromium-nickel-
1.2 The duplex stainless steels offer a combination of
molybdenum alloy which when properly heat treated consists
enhanced mechanical properties and corrosion resistance when
of approximately 30 to 60 % ferrite with the balance austenite.
properly balanced in composition and properly heat treated.
Ferrite levels are not specified, but these grades will develop a
4. General Conditions for Delivery
range of approximately 30 to 60 % ferrite with the balance
4.1 Material furnished to this specification shall conform to
austenite. It is the responsibility of the purchaser to determine
the applicable requirements of Specification A 703/A 703M,
which grade shall be furnished depending on design and
including the supplementary requirements that are indicated on
service conditions, mechanical properties, and corrosion-
the purchaser order. Failure to comply with the general
resistant characteristics.
requirements of Specification A 703/A 703M constitutes non-
NOTE 1—Because of the possibility of precipitation of embrittling
conformance with this specification. In case of conflict be-
phases, the grades included in this specification are not recommended for
tween the requirements of the specification and Specification
service at temperatures above 600°F [315°C].
A 703/A 703M, this specification shall prevail.
1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units
5. Ordering Information
are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the
SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each
5.1 It is the responsibility of the purchaser to specify all
system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must
requirements that are necessary for material ordered under this
be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
specification. Such requirements may included, but are not
two systems may result in nonconformance with the specifi-
limited to, the following:
cation.
5.1.1 A description of the casting by pattern number or
drawing (dimensional tolerances shall be included on the
2. Referenced Documents
casting drawing),
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.1.2 Quantity (weight and number of castings),
A 488/A 488M Practice for Steel Castings, Welding, Quali-
5.1.3 Specification designation and date of issue,
2
fication of Procedures and Personnel
5.1.4 Grade of steel,
A 703/A 703M Specification for Steel Castings, General
5.1.5 Supplementary requirements including acceptance cri-
2
Requirements, for Pressure-Containing Parts
teria,
E 125 Reference Photographs for Magnetic Particle Indica-
5.1.6 Additional requirements.
3
tions on Ferrous Castings
3
6. Process
E 165 Test Method for Liquid Penetrant Examination
E 562 Test Method for Determining Volume Fraction by
6.1 The steel shall be made by the electric furnace process
with or without separate refining.
7. Heat Treatment
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A-01 on Steel,
7.1 All castings shall be heat treated in accordance with
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
Table 1.
A01.18 on Castings.
Current edition approved Sept. 10, 1998. Published November 1998.
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.02.
3 4
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.03. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A 995
TABLE 1 Heat Treatment Requirements
11. Repair by Welding
Grade Heat Treatment
11.1 Repairs shall be made using procedures and welders
1A, 1B Heat to 1900°F [1040°C] minimum, hold for sufficient time to heat
qualified under Practice A 488/A 488M.
casting uniformly to temperature, quench in water or rapid cool by
11.2 The composition of the deposited weld metal may be
other means.
similar to that of the casting or may be suitably alloyed to
2A Heat to 2050°F [1120°C] minimum, hold for sufficient time to heat
casting uniformly to temperature, quench in water or rapid cool by
achieve the desired corrosion resistance and mechanical prop-
other means.
erties.
3A Heat to 1950°F [1070°C] minimum, h
...

Questions, Comments and Discussion

Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.

This May Also Interest You

ASTM
ASTM A747/A747M-23(Specification)
Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Stainless, Precipitation Hardening

ABSTRACT
This specification covers iron-chromium-nickel-copper corrosion resistance steel castings capable of being strengthened by precipitation hardening heat treatment. The steel shall be made by electric furnace process with or without separate refining such as argon-oxygen decarburization. The steel materials shall also undergo homogenization heat treatment, solution annealing heat treatment, precipitation hardening and shall conform to the required values of temperature and time and cooling treatment. The materials shall conform to the required chemical compositions of carbon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, silicon, chromium, nickel, copper, columbium, and nitrogen.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers iron-chromium-nickel-copper corrosion-resistant steel castings, capable of being strengthened by precipitation hardening heat treatment.  
1.2 These castings may be used in services requiring corrosion resistance and high strengths at temperatures up to 600 °F [315 °C]. They may be machined in the solution heat-treated condition and subsequently precipitation hardened to the desired high-strength mechanical properties specified in Table S51.1 with little danger of cracking or distortion.  
1.3 The material is not intended for use in the solution heat-treated condition.  
Note 1: If the service environment in which the material is to be used is considered conducive to stress-corrosion cracking, precipitation hardening should be performed at a temperature that will minimize the susceptibility of the material to this type of attack.  
1.4 Supplementary requirements of an optional nature are provided for use at the option of the purchaser. The supplementary requirements shall apply only when specified individually by the purchaser in the purchase order or contract.  
1.5 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound units and in SI units; however, unless the purchase order or contract specifies the applicable M-specification designation (SI units), the inch-pound units shall apply.  
1.6 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Technical specification
    4 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Technical specification
    4 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM A757/A757M-22(Specification)
Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Ferritic and Martensitic, for Pressure-Containing and Other Applications, for Low-Temperature Service

ABSTRACT
This specification covers carbon and alloy steel castings for pressure-containing and other applications intended primarily for petroleum and gas pipelines in areas subject to low-ambient temperatures. Castings shall be heat treated by normalizing and tempering or liquid quenching and tempering. The steel shall be made by the electric furnace process or other primary processes. Heat and product analyses shall be performed on the material and the chemical composition shall conform to the prescribed values for carbon, manganese, nickel, phosphorus, sulfur, silicon, nickel, chromium, molybdenum, also for residual elements like vanadium, copper, nickel, chromium, molybdenum, and tungsten. Tensile test shall be made and the mechanical properties thus determined shall conform to the required tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, and reduction of area. Charpy V-notch testing shall be done to determine the impact properties on each heat by specimen type like coupons representing the weld deposits and coupons representing the heat-affected zone. Impact properties shall also be determined on both the heat-affected zone of the base metal and the weld metal of the welding procedure qualification test. After machining, each pressure-containing casting shall undergo hydrostatic pressure testing and shall not leak.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers carbon and alloy steel castings for pressure-containing and other applications intended primarily for petroleum and gas pipelines in areas subject to low-ambient temperatures. Castings shall be heat treated by normalizing and tempering or liquid quenching and tempering. All classes are weldable under proper conditions. Hardenability of some grades may limit usable section size.  
1.2 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.2.1 Unless the order specifies an “M” designation, the material shall be furnished to inch-pound units.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Technical specification
    9 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Technical specification
    9 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM A217/A217M-22(Specification)
Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Martensitic Stainless and Alloy, for Pressure-Containing Parts, Suitable for High-Temperature Service

ABSTRACT
This specification covers steel castings, martensitic stainless steel and alloys steel castings for valves, flanges, fittings, and other pressure-containing parts intended primarily for high-temperature and corrosive service. The grades of steels covered here are: Grade WC1, Grade WC4, Grade WC5, Grade WC6, Grade WC9, Grade WC11, Grade C5, Grade C12, Grade C12A, and Grade CA15. Heat treatment shall consist of normalizing and tempering for Grade C12A and tempering for all other grades. Heat treatments shall be performed after castings have been allowed to cool. Heat and product analyses shall be performed wherein specimens shall conform to required chemical composition of carbon, molybdenum, chromium, nickel, vanadium, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, silicon, columbium, nitrogen, aluminum, copper, titanium, tungsten, and zirconium. The surface of the casting shall be examined visually and shall be free of adhering sand, scale, cracks and hot tears. Steels shall undergo tension test, and shall conform to the following mechanical requirements: tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, and reduction of area.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification2 covers martensitic stainless steel and alloy steel castings for valves, flanges, fittings, and other pressure-containing parts (Note 1) intended primarily for high-temperature and corrosive service (Note 2).  
1.2 One grade of martensitic stainless steel and nine grades of ferritic alloy steel are covered. Selection will depend on design and service conditions, mechanical properties, and the high-temperature and corrosion-resistant characteristics (Note 3).
Note 1: Carbon steel castings for pressure-containing parts are covered by Specification A216/A216M. Low alloy quench-and-tempered grades equivalent to Specification A217/A217M grades may be found in both Specifications A352/A352M and A487/A487M.
Note 2: The grades covered by this specification represent materials that are generally suitable for assembly with other castings or wrought steel parts by fusion welding. It is not intended to imply that these grades possess equal degrees of weldability; therefore, it is the responsibility of the purchaser to establish for himself a suitable welding technique. Since these grades possess varying degrees of suitability for high-temperature and corrosion-resistant service, it is also the responsibility of the purchaser to determine which grade shall be furnished, due consideration being given to the requirements of the applicable construction codes.
Note 3: The committee formulating this specification has included nine grades of materials that are considered to represent basic types of ferritic alloy steels suitable for valves, flanges, fittings, and other pressure-containing parts. Additional alloy steels that may better fulfill certain types of service will be considered for inclusion in this specification by the committee as the need becomes apparent.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Technical specification
    5 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Technical specification
    5 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM A744/A744M-21a(Specification)
Standard Specification for Castings, Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Corrosion Resistant, for Severe Service

ABSTRACT
This specification covers standard requirements for iron-chromium-nickel alloy, stainless steel castings intended for particularly severe corrosive applications. Alloys shall be melted by the electric furnace process with or without refining such as argon-oxygen-decarburization. Castings shall be heat treated and shall conform to the required heat treatment conditions. The materials shall conform with the prescribed chemical requirements for carbon, manganese, silicon, phosphorus, sulfur, chromium, nickel, molybdenum, columbium, copper, selenium, tungsten, vanadium, iron, and nitrogen.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers iron-chromium-nickel alloy stainless steel castings intended for particularly severe corrosive applications.  
1.2 This specification requires post-weld heat treatment of all weld repairs affecting surfaces intended to be wetted by the corrosive medium. For applications for which post-weld heat treatment is not considered mandatory for retention of acceptable corrosion resistance, refer to Specification A743/A743M.  
Note 1: For general corrosion-resistant alloy castings, reference should be made to Specification A743/A743M. For general heat-resistant alloy castings, reference should be made to Specification A297/A297M. For nickel-base alloy castings, refer to Specification A494/A494M.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.3.1 Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets.  
1.3.2 Inch-pound units are applicable for material ordered to Specification A744 and SI units for material ordered to Specification A744M.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Technical specification
    6 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Technical specification
    6 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM A297/A297M-21a(Specification)
Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Iron-Chromium and Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Heat Resistant, for General Application

ABSTRACT
This specification covers standards for iron-chromium and iron-chromium-nickel alloy castings of general purpose grades (Grades HF, HH, HI, HK, HE, HT, HU, HW, HX, HC, HD, HL, HN, and HN) applicable in heat-resistant services. Alloys shall be produced through electric arc, electric-induction, or other approved processes. Heat-treatment shall be conducted when agreed upon by the manufacturer and purchaser. The material shall conform to carbon, manganese, silicon, phosphorus, sulfur, chromium, nickel, and molybdenum contents. Tensile requirements including tensile strength, yield point, and elongation shall apply when specified in the purchase order. Guidelines for repair by welding are also given.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers iron-chromium and iron-chromium-nickel alloy castings for heat-resistant service. The grades covered by this specification are general purpose alloys and no attempt has been made to include heat-resisting alloys used for special production application.  
Note 1: For heat-resisting alloys used for special product application, reference should be made to Specifications A351/A351M, A217/A217M, and A447/A447M.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Technical specification
    4 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Technical specification
    4 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM A216/A216M-21(Specification)
Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Carbon, Suitable for Fusion Welding, for High-Temperature Service

ABSTRACT
This specification covers carbon steel castings for valves, flanges, fittings, or other pressure-containing parts for high-temperature service and of quality suitable for assembly with other castings or wrought-steel parts by fusion welding. Covered here are three grades of carbon steel (Grades WCA, WCB, and WCC), the selection of which shall depend on the design and service conditions, mechanical properties, and the high temperature characteristics. Castings shall be heat treated and furnished, as appropriate to their design and chemical composition, in the annealed, or normalized, or normalized and tempered conditions after they have been allowed to cool below the transformation range. Furnace temperatures for heat treating shall be effectively controlled by pyrometer. Steel castings shall adhere to chemical composition and tensile property requirements, which include tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, and reduction of area. The surface of castings shall be free of adhering elements such as sand, cracks, hot tears, and other discontinuities, and as such be repair welded when judged appropriate.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification2 covers carbon steel castings for valves, flanges, fittings, or other pressure-containing parts for high-temperature service and of quality suitable for assembly with other castings or wrought steel parts by fusion welding.  
1.2 Three grades, WCA, WCB, and WCC, are covered in this specification. Selection will depend upon design and service conditions, mechanical properties, and the high-temperature characteristics.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Technical specification
    4 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Technical specification
    4 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM A356/A356M-21(Specification)
Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Carbon, Low Alloy, and Stainless Steel, Heavy-Walled for Steam Turbines

ABSTRACT
This specification covers one grade of martensitic stainless steel and several grades of ferritic steel castings for cylindrical (shells), valve chests, throttle valves, and other heavy-walled castings for steam turbine applications. The steel shall be made by the open-hearth or electric-furnace process. Deoxidation of the carbon and low-alloy steel grades shall be by manganese and silicon. The castings shall be heat treated in either the normalized, tempered, or stress-relieved conditions. Mechanical properties such as tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation shall be determined by subjecting the specimens to a tension test.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers one grade of martensitic stainless steel and several grades of ferritic steel castings for cylinders (shells), valve chests, throttle valves, and other heavy-walled castings for steam turbine applications.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.2.1 Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Technical specification
    5 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Technical specification
    5 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM A781/A781M-21(Specification)
Standard Specification for Castings, Steel and Alloy, Common Requirements, for General Industrial Use

ABSTRACT
This specification covers a group of common requirements that, unless covered by the individual product specification in another ASTM document, applies to steel and alloy castings for use in general industrial applications. Materials shall be produced by open-hearth or electric furnace process with or without separate refining, such as argon-oxygen-decarburization (AOD), and then consequently heat treated in the working zone. Castings shall receive heat and product analysis to evaluate their conformance to chemical composition requirements. Mechanical requirements shall also be assessed. The surfaces of castings shall be free of adhering sand, scale, cracks, hot tears, and other surface discontinuities. Repair welding may be performed as required.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers a group of requirements that are mandatory requirements of the following steel casting specifications issued by ASTM. If the product specification specifies different requirements, the product specification shall prevail.    
ASTM
Designation  
Title of Specification  
A27/A27M  
Steel Castings, Carbon, for General Application  
A128/A128M  
Steel Castings, Austenitic Manganese  
A148/A148M  
Steel Castings, High Strength, for Structural Purposes  
A297/A297M  
Steel Castings, Iron-Chromium and Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Heat Resistant, for General Application  
A447/A447M  
Steel Castings, Chromium-Nickel-Iron Alloy (25-12 Class), for High-Temperature Service  
A494/A494M  
Castings, Nickel and Nickel Alloy  
A560/A560M  
Castings, Chromium-Nickel Alloy  
A743/A743M  
Castings, Iron-Chromium, Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Corrosion Resistant, for General Application  
A744/A744M  
Castings, Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Corrosion Resistant, for Severe Service  
A747/A747M  
Steel Castings, Stainless, Precipitation Hardening  
A890/A890M  
Castings, Iron-Chromium-Nickel-Molybdenum Corrosion-Resistant, Duplex (Austenitic/Ferritic) for General Application    
A915/A915M  
Steel Castings, Carbon and Alloy, Chemical Requirements Similar to Standard Wrought Grades  
A958/A958M  
Steel Castings, Carbon and Alloy, with Tensile Requirements, Chemical Requirements Similiar to Standard Wrought Grades  
A1002  
Castings, Nickel-Aluminum Ordered Alloy  
1.2 This specification also covers a group of supplementary requirements that may be applied to the above specifications as indicated therein. These are provided for use when additional testing or inspection is desired and apply only when specified individually by the purchaser in the order.  
1.3 The requirements of the individual material specification and this general specification shall prevail in the sequence named.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Technical specification
    12 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Technical specification
    12 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM A1091/A1091M-21(Specification)
Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Creep-Strength Enhanced Ferritic Alloy, for Pressure-Containing Parts, Suitable for High-Temperature Service

ABSTRACT
This specification covers general requirements for creep-strength enhanced alloy steel castings for valves, flanges, fittings, and other pressure-containing parts intended primarily for high-temperature service. However, the castings are not restricted to such applications, and may be used for other applications for which the attributes of the material, as defined by this specification, are suitable. The specification includes one grade of martensitic alloy steel, Grade C91, which is provided in two classes, differentiated by the type of heat treatment after weld repairs.
This specification also prescribes the general conditions for delivery, including those for investment castings, as well as the requirements for ordering information; materials and manufacture (heat-treatment and machining); chemical composition; testing of mechanical properties (tensile testing and hardness testing); quality of castings; rework, weld repair, and retreatment; and certification and marking of castings.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers creep-strength enhanced alloy steel castings for valves, flanges, fittings, and other pressure-containing parts intended primarily for high-temperature service (see Note 1). However, they are not restricted to such applications and the castings may be used for other applications for which the attributes of the material, as defined by this specification, are suitable.  
1.2 One grade of martensitic alloy steel, Grade C91 (UNS Number J84090), is covered (see Note 2). It is provided in two classes, differentiated by the type of heat treatment after welding. This and similar steels are characterized by a predominantly tempered martensitic or tempered Bainitic microstructure that is stabilized by the precipitation of temper-resistant particles at various precipitate nucleation sites in the microstructure. Such steels are designed to have creep-rupture strengths significantly superior to those of alloys of nominally similar compositions, but in which the precipitates or nucleation sites are absent. Since this crucial difference cannot be revealed by room-temperature mechanical property tests, these alloys require tighter controls on manufacturing and processing.
Note 1: The grades covered by this specification represent materials that are generally suitable for assembly with other castings or wrought steel parts by fusion welding. It is not intended to imply that these grades possess equal degrees of weldability; therefore, it is the responsibility of the purchaser to establish a suitable welding technique. Since these grades possess varying degrees of suitability for high-temperature service, it is also the responsibility of the purchaser to determine which grade shall be furnished, due consideration being given to the requirements of the applicable construction codes.
Note 2: The committee formulating this specification has included one grade of material that is considered to represent a type of ferritic alloy steel suitable for valves, flanges, fittings, and other pressure-containing parts. Additional alloy steels will be considered for inclusion in this specification by the committee as the need becomes apparent.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Technical specification
    5 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Technical specification
    5 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM A487/A487M-21(Specification)
Standard Specification for Steel Castings Suitable for Pressure Service

ABSTRACT
This specification covers low-alloy steel and martensitic stainless steels in the normalized and tempered, or quenched and tempered conditions, suitable for pressure-containing parts. All castings shall receive the specified heat treatment requirement: austenitizing temperature, medium, quenching cool, and tempering temperature. Preliminary heat treatment and multiple tempering are permitted. Recording-type pyrometers shall be used to control the furnace temperature. The steel shall conform to the required chemical composition for carbon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, silicon, nickel, chromium, molybdenum, vanadium, boron, and copper. Residual elements include: copper, nickel, chromium, tungsten, molybdenum, and vanadium. Tensile properties of the steel shall conform to the requirements for tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, reduction of area, hardness, and maximum thickness. Product analysis tolerance is specified. Repair by welding may be done.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification2 covers low-alloy steels and martensitic stainless steels in the normalized and tempered, or quenched and tempered, condition suitable for pressure-containing parts. The weldability of the classes in this specification varies from readily weldable to weldable only with adequate precautions, and the weldability of each class should be considered prior to assembly by fusion welding.  
1.2 Selection will depend on design, mechanical, and service conditions. Users should note that hardenability of some of the grades mentioned may restrict the maximum size at which the required mechanical properties are obtained.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.3.1 Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Technical specification
    7 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Technical specification
    7 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off