ASTM D1531-06
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Relative Permittivity (Dielectric Constant) and Dissipation Factor by Fluid Displacement Procedures (Withdrawn 2012)
Standard Test Methods for Relative Permittivity (Dielectric Constant) and Dissipation Factor by Fluid Displacement Procedures (Withdrawn 2012)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Permittivity:
5.1.1 Polyethylene and Materials of Permittivity Within 0.1 of That of Polyethylene—Since the permittivity of benzene or 1-cSt silicone fluid is very close to that of polyethylene, these fluids are recommended for highly accurate and precise testing of polyethylene or other materials with permittivity close to that of polyethylene. These aspects of the test method make it a suitable tool to determine batch-to-batch uniformity of a polyethylene compound to meet precise requirements of high capacitance uniformity and capacitance stability in electronic apparatus. It also serves as a means to detect impurities, as well as changes resulting from prolonged exposure to high humidity, water immersion, weathering, aging, processing treatments, and exposure to radiation.
5.1.2 Other Materials—This test method provides advantages for routine testing of those materials that have a poorer match in permittivity between the liquids mentioned in 5.1.1 and the specimen. These advantages include, but are not limited to, a reduction of the probability of errors caused by imprecise thickness data and the ease with which tests can be performed. Correction factors can be calculated to account for the bias introduced by the permittivity mismatch. The two liquids mentioned in 5.1.1 are not the only liquids having known values of dielectric properties and are known to be compatible with a solid electrical insulating material.
Dissipation Factor—Normally, polyethylene has a very low dissipation factor, and a test specimen exhibiting an abnormally high dissipation factor would be suspected of containing impurities or being contaminated. The reproducibility of dissipation factor by this test method is somewhat better than that obtainable with the more conventional methods, but is limited by the sensitivity of commercially available measuring apparatus.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods provide techniques for the determination of the relative (Note 1) permittivity and the dissipation factor of solid insulating materials by fluid (Note 2) displacement.
Note 1—In common usage, the word "relative" is frequently dropped.
Note 2—The word "fluid" is a commonly used synonym for "liquid" and yet a gas is also a fluid. In this standard, the word "fluid" is used to show that liquid is not all that is meant.
1.2 Test Method A is especially suited to the precise measurements on polyethylene sheeting at 23°C and at frequencies between 1 kHz and 1 MHz. It may also be used at other frequencies and temperatures to make measurements on other materials in sheet form.
1.3 Test Method B is limited to the frequency range of available guarded bridges. It is especially suited to measurements on very thin films since it does not require determination of the thickness of the specimen yet it provides an estimate of the thickness of thin films that is more accurate and precise than thickness measurements obtained by other means.
1.4 Test Method B is also useful for measurements of polymer sheeting up to 2-mm thickness.
1.5 These test methods permit calculation of the dissipation factor of the specimens tested.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific precautionary statement, see 7.2.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
These test methods provide techniques for the determination of the relative permittivity and the dissipation factor of solid insulating materials by fluid displacement.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee D09 on Electrical and Electronic Insulating Materials, this test method was withdrawn in November 2012. This standard is being withdrawn without replacement because there is no curre...
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D1531 − 06 AnAmerican National Standard
Standard Test Methods for
Relative Permittivity (Dielectric Constant) and Dissipation
1
Factor by Fluid Displacement Procedures
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1531; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific
precautionary statement, see 7.2.
1.1 These test methods provide techniques for the determi-
nation of the relative (Note 1) permittivity and the dissipation
2. Referenced Documents
factor of solid insulating materials by fluid (Note 2) displace-
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
ment.
D150Test Methods forAC Loss Characteristics and Permit-
NOTE 1—In common usage, the word “relative” is frequently dropped.
tivity (Dielectric Constant) of Solid Electrical Insulation
NOTE 2—The word “fluid” is a commonly used synonym for “liquid”
D374Test Methods for Thickness of Solid Electrical Insu-
and yet a gas is also a fluid. In this standard, the word “fluid” is used to
lation
show that liquid is not all that is meant.
D831Test Method for Gas Content of Cable and Capacitor
1.2 Test Method A is especially suited to the precise
Oils
measurements on polyethylene sheeting at 23 °C and at
D924Test Method for Dissipation Factor (or Power Factor)
frequencies between 1 kHz and 1 MHz. It may also be used at
and Relative Permittivity (Dielectric Constant) of Electri-
2
other frequencies and temperatures to make measurements on
cal Insulating Liquids
other materials in sheet form.
D1711Terminology Relating to Electrical Insulation
1.3 Test Method B is limited to the frequency range of
D6054Practice for Conditioning Electrical Insulating Mate-
available guarded bridges. It is especially suited to measure-
rials for Testing
mentsonverythinfilmssinceitdoesnotrequiredetermination
E1Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
of the thickness of the specimen yet it provides an estimate of
2.2 ASTM Adjuncts:
4
the thickness of thin films that is more accurate and precise
Measuring cell (three drawings)
than thickness measurements obtained by other means.
3. Terminology
1.4 Test Method B is also useful for measurements of
3.1 Definitions—Definitions are in accordance with Termi-
polymer sheeting up to 2-mm thickness.
nology D1711.
1.5 These test methods permit calculation of the dissipation
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
factor of the specimens tested.
3.2.1 compatibility,n—fluidisconsideredcompatiblewitha
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
test specimen if, during the time required to complete a test of
standard.
the specimen in the fluid at the specified temperature and
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
frequency, the calculated permittivity of the specimen does not
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
changebymorethan0.1%andthedissipationfactorchangeis
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
less than 0.0001.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4. Summary of Test Methods
4.1 Test Method A: The Single-Fluid Technique—
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D09 on
Measurements are made with a fixed-plate, two-terminal,
Electrical and Electronic Insulating Materials and are the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D09.12 on Electrical Tests.
3
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2006. Published October 2006. Originally For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
´1
approved in 1958. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D1531–01 . DOI: contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
10.1520/D1531-06. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
2
Coutlee, K. G., “Liquid Displacement Test Cell for Dielectric Constant and the ASTM website.
4
Dissipation Factor up to 100 Mc,” 1959 Annual Report, Conference on Electrical Available from ASTM International Headquarters. Order Adjunct No.
Insulation, National Research Council, Publication 756, Washington, DC. ADJD1531. Original adjunct produced in 1961.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D1531 − 06
self-shielded test cell assembly. By two measurements, one match in permittivity between the liquids mentioned in 5.1.
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