ASTM E633-21a

Standard Guide for Use of Thermocouples in Elevated-Temperature Mechanical Testing

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
6.1 This guide presents techniques on the use of thermocouples and associated equipment for measuring temperature in elevated-temperature mechanical testing under typical conditions. Test durations range from minutes for tension, compression, Young's modulus, and superplastic property tests to thousands of hours for creep, stress-rupture, creep rupture, notch tension, and stress-relaxation tests.  
6.2 Since elevated-temperature mechanical properties are highly sensitive to temperature, users should make every effort practicable to make accurate temperature measurements and provide stable control of the test temperature. The goal of this guide is to provide users with good pyrometric practice and techniques for precise temperature control for elevated-temperature mechanical testing.  
6.3 Techniques are given in this guide for maintaining a stable temperature throughout the period of test.  
6.4 If the techniques of this guide are followed, the difference between indicated temperature and true temperature, as used in Test Methods E21, E111, E139, E292, E328, E2448, and Practice E209 will be reduced to the lowest practical level.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers the use of ANSI thermocouple Types listed in Specification E230/E230M for elevated-temperature mechanical testing at temperatures typical in testing of metals.
Note 1: Typical conditions for mechanical testing are specified temperatures up to 1800 °F (982 °C) in air at one atmosphere of pressure.  
1.1.1 This guide focuses on most commonly used base metal and noble metal ANSI type K, N, R, and S thermocouples.  
1.1.2 Other ANSI thermocouple types that are listed in Specification E230/E230M may be used if the specific precautions and maximum temperatures for their use are followed.  
1.1.3 It does not cover the use of sheathed thermocouples.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-Oct-2021
• ICS: 17.200.20 - Temperature-measuring instruments
• Technical Committee: E28 - Mechanical Testing
• Drafting Committee: E28.04 - Uniaxial Testing

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E633 − 21a
Standard Guide for
Use of Thermocouples in Elevated-Temperature Mechanical
1
Testing
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E633; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
This guide provides basic information, options, and guidelines to enable the user to apply
thermocouples, temperature-measuring systems, and temperature-control systems with sufficient
accuracy to satisfy the temperature requirements for elevated-temperature mechanical testing of
materials.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 This guide covers the use ofANSI thermocouple Types
2.1 ASTM Standards:
listed in Specification E230/E230M for elevated-temperature
E6Terminology Relating to Methods of MechanicalTesting
mechanical testing at temperatures typical in testing of metals.
E21TestMethodsforElevatedTemperatureTensionTestsof
Metallic Materials
NOTE 1—Typical conditions for mechanical testing are specified tem-
peratures up to 1800°F (982°C) in air at one atmosphere of pressure.
E111Test Method for Young’s Modulus, Tangent Modulus,
and Chord Modulus
1.1.1 This guide focuses on most commonly used base
E139Test Methods for Conducting Creep, Creep-Rupture,
metal and noble metal ANSI type K, N, R, and S thermo-
and Stress-Rupture Tests of Metallic Materials
couples.
E209PracticeforCompressionTestsofMetallicMaterialsat
1.1.2 Other ANSI thermocouple types that are listed in
Elevated Temperatures with Conventional or Rapid Heat-
Specification E230/E230M may be used if the specific precau-
ing Rates and Strain Rates
tions and maximum temperatures for their use are followed.
1.1.3 It does not cover the use of sheathed thermocouples. E220Test Method for Calibration of Thermocouples By
Comparison Techniques
1.2 Thevaluesstatedininch-poundunitsaretoberegarded
E230/E230MSpecification for Temperature-Electromotive
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
Force (emf) Tables for Standardized Thermocouples
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
E292Test Methods for ConductingTime-for-Rupture Notch
and are not considered standard.
Tension Tests of Materials
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
E328Test Methods for Stress Relaxation for Materials and
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Structures
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
E344Terminology Relating to Thermometry and Hydrom-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
etry
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
E574Specification for Duplex, Base Metal Thermocouple
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
Wire With Glass Fiber or Silica Fiber Insulation
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
E1129/E1129MSpecification for Thermocouple Connectors
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
E1684Specification for Miniature Thermocouple Connec-
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
tors
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
E2448Test Method for Determining the Superplastic Prop-
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
erties of Metallic Sheet Materials
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E28 on Mechanical
2
TestingandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeE28.04onUniaxialTesting. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2021. Published January 2022. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1987. Last previous edition approved in 2021 as E633–13. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/E0633-21A. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E633 − 21a
3. Terminology 7. Apparatus
3.1 Definitions of terms common to mechanical testing that
7.1 Instrumentation may be individual instruments, a data
appear in Terminology E6 apply to this standard, including
acquisition system (multipoint recorders or digital type), a
accuracy, calibration, indicated temperature, metrological
computer-based control system, or a combination of these
traceability, reduced paralle
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E633 − 21 E633 − 21a
Standard Guide for
Use of Thermocouples in Elevated-Temperature Mechanical
1
Testing
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E633; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
This guide provides basic information, options, and guidelines to enable the user to apply
thermocouples, temperature measurement, and control equipmenttemperature-measuring systems, and
temperature-control systems with sufficient accuracy to satisfy the temperature requirements for
elevated-temperature mechanical testing of materials.
1. Scope*
1.1 This guide covers the use of ANSI thermocouple Types listed in Specification E230/E230M for elevated-temperature
mechanical testing at temperatures typical in testing of metals.
NOTE 1—Typical conditions for mechanical testing are specified temperatures up to 1800 °F (982 °C) in air at one atmosphere of pressure.
1.1.1 This guide focuses on most commonly used base metal and noble metal ANSI type K, N, R, and S thermocouples.
1.1.2 Other ANSI thermocouple types that are listed in Specification E230/E230M may be used if the specific precautions and
maximum temperatures for their use are followed.
1.1.3 It does not cover the use of sheathed thermocouples.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E28 on Mechanical Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E28.04 on Uniaxial Testing.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2021Nov. 1, 2021. Published March 2021January 2022. Originally approved in 1987. Last previous edition approved in 20132021 as
E633–13. DOI: 10.1520/E0633-21.10.1520/E0633-21A.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E633 − 21a
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Testing
E21 Test Methods for Elevated Temperature Tension Tests of Metallic Materials
E111 Test Method for Young’s Modulus, Tangent Modulus, and Chord Modulus
E139 Test Methods for Conducting Creep, Creep-Rupture, and Stress-Rupture Tests of Metallic Materials
E209 Practice for Compression Tests of Metallic Materials at Elevated Temperatures with Conventional or Rapid Heating Rates
and Strain Rates
E220 Test Method for Calibration of Thermocouples By Comparison Techniques
E230/E230M Specification for Temperature-Electromotive Force (emf) Tables for Standardized Thermocouples
E292 Test Methods for Conducting Time-for-Rupture Notch Tension Tests of Materials
E328 Test Methods for Stress Relaxation for Materials and Structures
E344 Terminology Relating to Thermometry and Hydrometry
E574 Specification for Duplex, Base Metal Thermocouple Wire With Glass Fiber or Silica Fiber Insulation
E1129/E1129M Specification for Thermocouple Connectors
E1684 Specification for Miniature Thermocouple Connectors
E2448 Test Method for Determining the Superplastic Properties of Metallic Sheet Materials
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—Unless otherwise indicated, the definitions given Definitions of terms common to mechanical testing that appear
in Terminology E6 apply to this standard, including accuracy, calibration, indicated temperature, metrological traceability, reduced
parallel section, temperature-measuring system, specified temperature, and E344 shall apply.verification.
3.2 Some specific definitio
...