ASTM C497-18a
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Concrete Pipe, Manhole Sections, or Tile
Standard Test Methods for Concrete Pipe, Manhole Sections, or Tile
ABSTRACT
These test methods cover production and acceptance tests for concrete pipes, manhole sections, and tiles. Tests include procedures for evaluating external load crushing strength, flat slab top, core strength, absorption, hydrostatic, permeability, manhole step, cylinder, gasket lubricant, joint shear, alkalinity, and gasket measurements. Aside from the procedures, this standard also details the significance and use of and the required test apparatus for each test.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover testing of concrete pipe, manhole sections, and tile. The test methods described are used in production testing and acceptance testing to evaluate the properties provided for in the specifications.
1.2 The test methods appear in the following order:
Section
External Load Crushing Strength
4
Flat Slab Top
5
Core Strength
6
Absorption
7
Hydrostatic
8
Permeability
9
Manhole Step
10
Cylinder Strength
11
Gasket Lubricant
12
Joint Shear
13
Alkalinity
14
Gasket Measurements
15
Off-Center Hydrostatic Joint Test
16
Hydrostatic External Joint Test Method
17
Welded Splice Pull Test
18
1.3 The test specimens shall not have been exposed to a temperature below 40°F for the 24 h immediately preceding the test.
1.4 If any test specimen fails because of mechanical reasons such as failure of testing equipment or improper specimen preparation, it shall be discarded and another specimen taken.
1.5 Specimens shall be selected in accordance with the specifications for the type of pipe or tile being tested.
1.6 A complete metric companion to Test Methods C497 has been developed—C497M; therefore, no metric equivalents are presented in these methods.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Designation: C497 − 18a
Standard Test Methods for
1
Concrete Pipe, Manhole Sections, or Tile
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C497; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope 1.8 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
1.1 These test methods cover testing of concrete pipe,
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
manhole sections, and tile.The test methods described are used
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
in production testing and acceptance testing to evaluate the
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
properties provided for in the specifications.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1.2 The test methods appear in the following order:
Section 2. Referenced Documents
External Load Crushing Strength 4
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Flat Slab Top 5
Core Strength 6
C31/C31M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test
Absorption 7
Specimens in the Field
Hydrostatic 8
C39/C39M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylin-
Permeability 9
Manhole Step 10
drical Concrete Specimens
Cylinder Strength 11
C42/C42M Test Method for Obtaining and Testing Drilled
Gasket Lubricant 12
Cores and Sawed Beams of Concrete
Joint Shear 13
Alkalinity 14
C617 Practice for Capping Cylindrical Concrete Specimens
Gasket Measurements 15
C670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements
Off-Center Hydrostatic Joint Test 16
for Test Methods for Construction Materials
Hydrostatic External Joint Test Method 17
Welded Splice Pull Test 18
C822 Terminology Relating to Concrete Pipe and Related
1.3 The test specimens shall not have been exposed to a Products
temperature below 40°F for the 24 h immediately preceding C1231/C1231M Practice for Use of Unbonded Caps in
the test. Determination of Compressive Strength of Hardened Cy-
lindrical Concrete Specimens
1.4 If any test specimen fails because of mechanical reasons
D2240 Test Method for Rubber Property—Durometer Hard-
such as failure of testing equipment or improper specimen
ness
preparation, it shall be discarded and another specimen taken.
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
1.5 Specimens shall be selected in accordance with the
specifications for the type of pipe or tile being tested.
3. Terminology
1.6 AcompletemetriccompaniontoTestMethodsC497has
3.1 Definitions—Fordefinitionsoftermsrelatingtoconcrete
been developed—C497M; therefore, no metric equivalents are
pipe, see Terminology C822.
presented in these methods.
4. External Load Crushing Strength Test by the Three-
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Edge Bearing Test Method
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4.1 Summary of Test Method—The test specimen is tested in
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
a machine designed to apply a crushing force upon the
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
specimen in a plane through the vertical axis extending along
the length of the specimen.
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C13 on
ConcretePipeandarethedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeC13.09onMethods
2
of Test. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved May 1, 2018. Published May 2018. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1962. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as C497 – 18. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/C0497-18A. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C497 − 18a
4.2 Significance and Use—The crushing test shall be either plaster of paris not exceeding 1 in. in thickness shall be cast on
a quality control test performed to establish that the finished, the surface of the upper and lower bearings. The width of the
shippable pipe has sufficient strength to withstand the crushing fillet cap, upper or lower, shall be not more than 1 in./ft of the
loads stated in the specifications or a proof of design test specimen diameter, but in no case less than 1 in.
performed to prove the adequacy of design. 4.3.8 The equipment shall be so designed that the load will
be d
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C497 − 18 C497 − 18a
Standard Test Methods for
1
Concrete Pipe, Manhole Sections, or Tile
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C497; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 These test methods cover testing of concrete pipe, manhole sections, and tile. The test methods described are used in
production testing and acceptance testing to evaluate the properties provided for in the specifications.
1.2 The test methods appear in the following order:
Section
External Load Crushing Strength 4
Flat Slab Top 5
Core Strength 6
Absorption 7
Hydrostatic 8
Permeability 9
Manhole Step 10
Cylinder Strength 11
Gasket Lubricant 12
Joint Shear 13
Alkalinity 14
Gasket Measurements 15
Off-Center Hydrostatic Joint Test 16
Hydrostatic External Joint Test Method 17
Welded Splice Pull Test 17
Welded Splice Pull Test 18
1.3 The test specimens shall not have been exposed to a temperature below 40°F for the 24 h immediately preceding the test.
1.4 If any test specimen fails because of mechanical reasons such as failure of testing equipment or improper specimen
preparation, it shall be discarded and another specimen taken.
1.5 Specimens shall be selected in accordance with the specifications for the type of pipe or tile being tested.
1.6 A complete metric companion to Test Methods C497 has been developed—C497M; therefore, no metric equivalents are
presented in these methods.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C31/C31M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Field
C39/C39M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens
C42/C42M Test Method for Obtaining and Testing Drilled Cores and Sawed Beams of Concrete
C617 Practice for Capping Cylindrical Concrete Specimens
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C13 on Concrete Pipe and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C13.09 on Methods of Test.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2018May 1, 2018. Published February 2018May 2018. Originally approved in 1962. Last previous edition approved in 20172018 as
C497 – 17.C497 – 18. DOI: 10.1520/C0497-18.10.1520/C0497-18A.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C497 − 18a
C670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements for Test Methods for Construction Materials
C822 Terminology Relating to Concrete Pipe and Related Products
C1231/C1231M Practice for Use of Unbonded Caps in Determination of Compressive Strength of Hardened Cylindrical
Concrete Specimens
D2240 Test Method for Rubber Property—Durometer Hardness
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms relating to concrete pipe, see Terminology C822.
4. External Load Crushing Strength Test by the Three-Edge Bearing Test Method
4.1 Summary of Test Method—The test specimen is tested in a machine designed to apply a crushing force upon the specimen
in a plane through the vertical axis extending along the length of the specimen.
4.2 Significance and Use—The crushing test shall be either a quality control test performed to establish that the finished,
shippable pipe has sufficient strength to withstand the crushing loads stated in the specificatio
...
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