ASTM D7008-08(2013)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Geosynthetic Alternate Daily Covers
Standard Specification for Geosynthetic Alternate Daily Covers
ABSTRACT
This specification covers the requirements for reusable and nonreusable geosynthetic alternate daily covers (ADCs) used on the working face of municipal solid waste landfills (MSWLF). Geosynthetic ADCs include a wide range of products including, but not limited to, reinforced film, unreinforced film, reinforced sheet, unreinforced sheet, coated geotextile and uncoated geotextile. Geosynthetic ADC are classified as nonreusable geosynthetic ADC, and reusable geosynthetic ADC. The breaking factor, tear resistance, and puncture strength of the nonreusable ADC shall be tested to meet the requirements prescribed. The grab strength, trapezoidal tear, and puncture resistance of the reusable ADC shall be tested to meet the requirements prescribed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for reusable and nonreusable geosynthetic alternate daily covers (ADCs) used on the working face of municipal solid waste landfills (MSWLF). Geosynthetic ADCs include a wide range of products including, but not limited to, reinforced film, unreinforced film, reinforced sheet, unreinforced sheet, coated geotextile and uncoated geotextile.
1.2 This standard addresses the base ADC materials and does not address grommets, straps or other fabricated parts.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.
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Standards Content (Sample)
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Designation:D7008 −08 (Reapproved 2013)
Standard Specification for
Geosynthetic Alternate Daily Covers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7008; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D4439 Terminology for Geosynthetics
D4533 Test Method for Trapezoid Tearing Strength of Geo-
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for reusable
textiles
and nonreusable geosynthetic alternate daily covers (ADCs)
D4632 Test Method for Grab Breaking Load and Elongation
used on the working face of municipal solid waste landfills
of Geotextiles
(MSWLF). Geosynthetic ADCs include a wide range of
D4833 Test Method for Index Puncture Resistance of
products including, but not limited to, reinforced film, unrein-
Geomembranes and Related Products
forced film, reinforced sheet, unreinforced sheet, coated geo-
E96/E96M Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission of
textile and uncoated geotextile.
Materials
1.2 This standard addresses the base ADC materials and
2.2 Other Standards:
does not address grommets, straps or other fabricated parts.
National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) 701 Standard
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the Methods of Fire Tests for Flame Propagation of Textiles
standard. Geosynthetic Research Institute (GRI) Specification
GM11 Accelerated Weathering of Geomembranes using a
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Fluorescent UVA-Condensation Exposure Device
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3. Terminology
priate safety, health and environmental practices and deter-
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms related to
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
geosynthetics, refer to Terminology D4439.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
3.2.1 alternate daily cover, n—an alternative to the tradi-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
tional 15 cm (6 in.) soil cover required by the USEPA for
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
landfill working faces to “control disease vectors, fires, odors,
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
blowing liter, and scavenging, without presenting a threat to
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
human health and the environment.”
2. Referenced Documents
3.2.2 fire retardant, adj—in geosynthetic ADCs, meeting the
requirementsofNFPA701,Method1,StandardMethodofFire
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D882 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Thin Plastic Tests for Flame Propagation of Textiles and Films.
Sheeting
3.2.3 nonreusable, adj—in geosynthetics, a fabric or film
D1004 Test Method for Tear Resistance (Graves Tear) of
intended to be placed once and then disposed of, discarded, or
Plastic Film and Sheeting
left in place.
D4355 Test Method for Deterioration of Geotextiles by
3.2.4 reusable, adj—in geosynthetics, a fabric or membrane
Exposure to Light, Moisture and Heat in a Xenon Arc
material intended to be retrieved and installed more than once
Type Apparatus
to perform the cover function.
3.2.5 working face, n—the area of a landfill in which waste
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 on is actively being deposited.
Geosynthetics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.06 on Geosyn-
thetic Specifications.
4. Classification of Geosynthetic ADCs
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2013. Published January 2013. Originally
4.1 Nonreusable—Nonreusable geosynthetic ADCs consist
approved in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D7008–08. DOI:
10.1520/D7008-08R13.
of disposable films or geotextiles, intended to be left in place
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
without retrieval. Special equipment exists to facilitate the
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
placement and anchoring of these materials to cover the
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. workingfaceoflandfills.Thecovermaycontainpro-degradant
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D7008−08 (2013)
TABLE 2 Classes for Reusable ADCs
additives to accelerate degradation within the waste to allow
the free flow of fluids and gases within the waste mass. Three Class Class
Property Test Method Units Class 1R
2R 3R
classes of nonreusable ADCs are specified based on tensile,
Grab Strength ASTM N (lb) 1400 (320) 900 500
tear and puncture properties (see Table 1).
D4632 (200) (110)
Trapezoidal Tear ASTM N (lb) 500 (110) 320 (72) 180 (40)
4.2 Reusable—Reusable geosyntheticADCs consist of vari-
D4533
ous types of fabric or plastic membranes that have either been
Puncture Resis- ASTM N (lb) 500 (110) 320 (72) 180 (40)
developed or adapted for use as a daily cover material. Panels
tance D4833
fabricated from these materials are placed over the working
face at the end of the day, and retrieved prior to the start of the
6.3 Scavenging is controlled by security procedures and
next operating day. Special mechanized equipment can be used
other operating practices more than by the ADC. The ADC
tofacilitatetheplacementandretrie
...
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