ASTM D1784-20

Standard Classification System and Basis for Specification for Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Compounds and Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Compounds

ABSTRACT
This specification covers rigid poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) compounds and chlorinated poly(vinyl chloride) (CPVC) compounds for use in extruded or molded form like pipe and fitting applications. Classification requirements for identifying rigid PVC and CPVC shall be according to base resin, impact resistance under notch, tensile strength, modulus of elasticity in tension, deflection temperature under load, and flammability. PVC and CPVC shall be in the form of cubes, granules, free-flowing powder blends, or compacted powder blends, and shall be of uniform size and free of foreign matter. The material shall conform to the test requirements such as tensile strength and modulus of elasticity, conditioning, impact resistance, deflection temperature, and flammability.
SCOPE
1.1 This classification system standard covers rigid PVC and CPVC compounds intended for general purpose use in extruded or molded form—including fittings and both pressure and nonpressure piping applications—composed of poly(vinyl chloride), chlorinated poly(vinyl chloride), or vinyl chloride copolymers containing at least 80 % vinyl chloride, and the necessary compounding ingredients. The compounding ingredients shall be permitted to consist of lubricants, stabilizers, non-poly(vinyl chloride) resin modifiers, pigments, and inorganic fillers.
Note 1: Selection of specific compounds for particular end uses or applications requires consideration of other characteristics such as thermal properties, optical properties, weather resistance, etc. Specific requirements and test methods for these properties should be by mutual agreement between the purchaser and the seller.
Note 2: Selection of compounds for pressure piping applications requires consideration of material stress ratings that are required for determining pressure ratings, but are not addressed in this specification. Requirements for long-term material stress ratings in accordance with recognized stress rating standards, such as HDB in accordance with Test Method D2837 for pressure piping, should be included in specifications for pressure piping products or systems.
Note 3: The list of compounding ingredients in 1.1 is not meant to be an exhaustive list of allowable compound ingredients. In addition to the compounding ingredients listed, others may also be used. The list of compounding ingredients in 1.1 does not imply that every ingredient listed is a required ingredient. Some compounds may not contain all the ingredients listed in 1.1.  
1.2 For applications involving special chemical resistance see Classification D5260.  
1.3 The requirements in this classification system standard are intended for the quality control of compounds used to manufacture finished products. These properties are based on data obtained using standard test specimens tested under specified conditions. They are not directly applicable to finished products. See the applicable ASTM standards for requirements for finished products.  
1.4 The text of this classification system standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of this specification.  
1.5 Some rigid PVC applications have the option to contain recycled PVC plastics that meet the requirements of this classification system standard. Refer to the specific requirements in the materials and manufacture section of the applicable product standard.  
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.7 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 11, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices an...

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 14-Jan-2020
• ICS: 83.080.20 - Thermoplastic materials
• Technical Committee: D20 - Plastics
• Drafting Committee: D20.15 - Thermoplastic Materials

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D1784-11 - Standard Specification for Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Compounds and Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Compounds
• Effective Date: 15-Jan-2020
• Refers: ASTM D883-24 - Standard Terminology Relating to Plastics
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2024
• Refers: ASTM D883-23 - Standard Terminology Relating to Plastics
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2023
• Refers: ASTM D883-20 - Standard Terminology Relating to Plastics
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2020
• Refers: ASTM D883-19c - Standard Terminology Relating to Plastics
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2019
• Refers: ASTM D883-19a - Standard Terminology Relating to Plastics
• Effective Date: 15-Apr-2019
• Refers: ASTM D883-19 - Standard Terminology Relating to Plastics
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2019
• Refers: ASTM D883-18a - Standard Terminology Relating to Plastics
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2018
• Refers: ASTM D883-18 - Standard Terminology Relating to Plastics
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2018
• Refers: ASTM D648-18 - Standard Test Method for Deflection Temperature of Plastics Under Flexural Load in the Edgewise Position
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2018
• Refers: ASTM D1600-18 - Standard Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to Plastics (Withdrawn 2024)
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2018
• Refers: ASTM D883-17 - Standard Terminology Relating to Plastics
• Effective Date: 15-Aug-2017
• Refers: ASTM D3892-15 - Standard Practice for Packaging/Packing of Plastics
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2015
• Refers: ASTM D635-14 - Standard Test Method for Rate of Burning and/or Extent and Time of Burning of Plastics in a Horizontal Position
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2014
• Refers: ASTM D1600-14 - Standard Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to Plastics
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2014

Overview

ASTM D1784-20: Standard Classification System and Basis for Specification for Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Compounds and Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Compounds provides a detailed framework for classifying and specifying rigid PVC and CPVC compounds. Issued by ASTM International, this standard supports manufacturers, suppliers, and purchasers in ensuring that compounds used in extruded or molded applications-such as pipe and fitting products-meet consistent, high-quality material properties. ASTM D1784 is widely referenced in the plastics and piping industries for both pressure and nonpressure applications.

Key Topics

Material Coverage

• Applies to rigid PVC and CPVC compounds made from poly(vinyl chloride), chlorinated poly(vinyl chloride), or vinyl chloride copolymers with at least 80% vinyl chloride.
• Permits use of various compounding ingredients, including lubricants, stabilizers, resin modifiers, pigments, and inorganic fillers.
• Allows for compounds in multiple forms: cubes, granules, free-flowing powders, or compacted powder blends.

Classification and Identification

• Materials are classified using a cell classification system that incorporates key physical properties:
  • Base resin type
  • Impact resistance (Izod method)
  • Tensile strength
  • Modulus of elasticity in tension
  • Deflection temperature under load
  • Flammability
• Each compound is designated by a standardized five-digit cell classification (e.g., 12454) reflecting its minimum values for each property.

Test and Quality Requirements

• Standard specifies methods for sampling, preparing, and conditioning specimens prior to testing.
• Quality control is based on data from standard test specimens under defined laboratory conditions.
• Key referenced ASTM test methods include:
  • D256 (Impact resistance)
  • D638 (Tensile properties)
  • D648 (Deflection temperature)
  • D635 (Flammability)
• Emphasizes conformity to property requirements for supply batches, not necessarily direct application to finished products.

Additional Considerations

• Notes the possibility of using recycled rigid PVC compounds, provided requirements are satisfied.
• For applications requiring specific chemical resistance, cross-reference is made to ASTM D5260.
• Stresses the need for mutual agreement between purchaser and supplier for special characteristics like thermal or optical properties.

Applications

ASTM D1784-20 is crucial for industries that produce, specify, or use extruded or molded rigid PVC and CPVC compounds, especially for:

• Pressure and nonpressure piping systems (e.g., water supply, waste, industrial processes)
• Pipe fittings and connectors
• Custom extruded or molded articles where consistent physical properties and safety are essential

The standard assures that compounds are consistent, reliable, and fit-for-purpose for high-performance and safety-critical applications. Manufacturers and engineers use ASTM D1784 classifications to:

• Specify compounds in procurement and product design
• Confirm material conformity for regulatory and industry compliance
• Facilitate traceability and quality assurance in production
• Support sustainability efforts with the inclusion of eligible recycled plastics

Related Standards

• ASTM D256 – Impact Resistance of Plastics
• ASTM D638 – Tensile Properties of Plastics
• ASTM D648 – Deflection Temperature of Plastics
• ASTM D635 – Flammability of Plastics
• ASTM D5260 – Classification for Chemical Resistance of PVC and CPVC Compounds
• ISO 1163-1 and ISO 1163-2 – International standards for unplasticized vinyl chloride compounds

Adherence to ASTM D1784-20 ensures that rigid PVC and CPVC compounds meet rigorous, internationally recognized criteria for material selection and application performance. This standard enhances reliability, safety, and consistency in plastic compounding and downstream product manufacturing.

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:D1784 −20
Standard Classification System and Basis for Specification for
Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Compounds and
Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Compounds
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1784; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* ishedproducts.SeetheapplicableASTMstandardsforrequire-
ments for finished products.
1.1 This classification system standard covers rigid PVC
and CPVC compounds intended for general purpose use in 1.4 The text of this classification system standard references
extruded or molded form—including fittings and both pressure notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These
and nonpressure piping applications—composed of poly(vinyl notesandfootnotes(excludingthoseintablesandfigures)shall
chloride), chlorinated poly(vinyl chloride), or vinyl chloride not be considered as requirements of this specification.
copolymers containing at least 80 % vinyl chloride, and the
1.5 Some rigid PVC applications have the option to contain
necessary compounding ingredients. The compounding ingre-
recycled PVC plastics that meet the requirements of this
dients shall be permitted to consist of lubricants, stabilizers,
classification system standard. Refer to the specific require-
non-poly(vinyl chloride) resin modifiers, pigments, and inor-
ments in the materials and manufacture section of the appli-
ganic fillers.
cable product standard.
NOTE 1—Selection of specific compounds for particular end uses or
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
applicationsrequiresconsiderationofothercharacteristicssuchasthermal
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
properties, optical properties, weather resistance, etc. Specific require-
only.
ments and test methods for these properties should be by mutual
agreement between the purchaser and the seller.
1.7 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the
NOTE 2—Selection of compounds for pressure piping applications
test methods portion, Section 11, of this specification: This
requires consideration of material stress ratings that are required for
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
determining pressure ratings, but are not addressed in this specification.
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
Requirements for long-term material stress ratings in accordance with
recognized stress rating standards, such as HDB in accordance with Test
of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and
Method D2837 for pressure piping, should be included in specifications
environmental practices and determine the applicability of
for pressure piping products or systems.
regulatory limitations prior to use.
NOTE 3—The list of compounding ingredients in 1.1 is not meant to be
an exhaustive list of allowable compound ingredients. In addition to the
NOTE 4—This specification is similar in content (but not technically
compounding ingredients listed, others may also be used. The list of
equivalent) to ISO 1163-1:1985 and ISO 1163-2:1980.
compoundingingredientsin1.1doesnotimplythateveryingredientlisted
1.8 This international standard was developed in accor-
is a required ingredient. Some compounds may not contain all the
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ingredients listed in 1.1.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
1.2 For applications involving special chemical resistance
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
see Classification D5260.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
1.3 The requirements in this classification system standard
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
are intended for the quality control of compounds used to
manufacture finished products. These properties are based on 2. Referenced Documents
data obtained using standard test specimens tested under 2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
specified conditions. They are not directly applicable to fin-
D256 Test Methods for Determining the Izod Pendulum
Impact Resistance of Plastics
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
This classification system standard is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Commit-
tee D20 on Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.15 on
Thermoplastic Materials. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Jan. 15, 2020. Published February 2020. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1960. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D1784 – 11. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/D1784-20. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D1784−20
D635 Test Method for Rate of Burning and/or Extent and
Class 12454
Identification:
Time of Burning of Plastics in a Horizontal Position
Poly(vinyl chloride)
D638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
homopolymer
D648 Test Method for Deflection Temperature of Plastics Property and Minimum Value:
Izod
Under Flexural Load in the Edgewise Position
(34.7 J/m (0.65 ft·lbf/in.))
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
under notch
D1600 Terminology forAbbreviatedTerms Relating to Plas-
Tensile strength
(48.3 MPa (7000 psi))
tics
Modulus of elasticity in
D3892 Practice for Packaging/Packing of Plastics
tension
D2837 Test Method for Obtaining Hydrostatic Design Basis (2758 MPa (400 000 psi))
Deflection temperature under
forThermoplasticPipeMaterialsorPressureDesignBasis
load
for Thermoplastic Pipe Products
(70°C (158°F))
D4703 Practice for Compression Molding Thermoplastic
Materials into Test Specimens, Plaques, or Sheets
NOTE 6—The cell-type format provides the means for identification and
D5260 Classification for Chemical Resistance of Poly(Vinyl
close characterization and specification of material properties, alone or in
Chloride) (PVC) Homopolymer and Copolymer Com- combination, for a broad range of materials. This type format, however, is
subject to possible misapplication since unobtainable property combina-
pounds and Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC)
tionscanbeselectediftheuserisnotfamiliarwithcommerciallyavailable
Compounds
materials. The manufacturer should be consulted.
2.2 ISO Standards:
4.3 Product application chemical resistance when specified
ISO 1163-1:1985 Plastics—Unplasticized compounds of ho-
shall be classified in accordance with the classification section
mopolymers and copolymers of vinyl chloride—Part 1:
of Classification D5260.
Designation
ISO 1163-2:1980 Plastics—Unplasticized compounds of ho-
5. Ordering Information
mopolymers and copolymers of vinyl chloride—Part 2:
5.1 The purchase order, or inquiry, for these materials shall
Determination of properties
state the specification number and identify the class selected,
3. Terminology
for example, D1784, Class 12454.
3.1 Definitions—Definitions are in accordance with Termi-
5.2 Further definition, as may be required for the following,
nology D883 and abbreviations with Terminology D1600
shall be on the basis of agreement between the purchaser and
unless otherwise indicated.
the seller:
5.2.1 Physical form and particle size (see 6.1),
4. Classification
5.2.2 Color (see 6.2),
4.1 Means for selecting and identifying rigid PVC and
5.2.3 Other supplementary definition if necessary, and
CPVC compounds are provided in Table 1. The properties
5.2.4 Inspection (see 12.1).
enumerated in Table 1 and the tests defined are expected to
provide identification of the compounds selected. They are not
6. Materials and Manufacture
necessarily suitable for direct application in design because of
6.1 Materials supplied under this specification shall be PVC
differences in shape of part, size, loading, environmental
and CPVC compounds of uniform composition in the form of
conditions, etc.
cubes, granules, or powder blends.
4.2 Classes are designated by the cell number for each
6.2 Color and transparency or opacity of molded or ex-
property in the order in which they are listed in Table 1.
truded articles formed under the conditions recommended by
NOTE 5—The manner in which selected
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D1784 − 11 D1784 − 20
Standard Classification System and Basis for Specification for
Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Compounds and
Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Compounds
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1784; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers rigid PVC and CPVC compounds intended for general purpose use in extruded or molded
form—including pressure piping applications and nonpressure piping applications—composed of poly(vinyl chloride), chlorinated
poly(vinyl chloride), or vinyl chloride copolymers containing at least 80 % vinyl chloride, and the necessary compounding
ingredients. The compounding ingredients shall be permitted to consist of lubricants, stabilizers, non-poly(vinyl chloride) resin
modifiers, pigments, and inorganic fillers.
NOTE 1—Selection of specific compounds for particular end uses or applications requires consideration of other characteristics such as thermal
properties, optical properties, weather resistance, etc. Specific requirements and test methods for these properties should be by mutual agreement between
the purchaser and the seller.
NOTE 2—Selection of compounds for pressure piping applications requires consideration of material stress ratings that are required for determining
pressure ratings, but are not addressed in this specification. Requirements for long-term material stress ratings in accordance with recognized stress rating
standards, such as HDB in accordance with Test Method D2837 for pressure piping, should be included in specifications for pressure piping products or
systems.
NOTE 3—The list of compounding ingredients in 1.1 is not meant to be an exhaustive list of allowable compound ingredients. In addition to the
compounding ingredients listed, others may also be used. The list of compounding ingredients in 1.1 does not imply that every ingredient listed is a
required ingredient. Some compounds may not contain all the ingredients listed in 1.1.
1.2 For applications involving special chemical resistance see Classification D5260.
1.3 The requirements in this specification are intended for the quality control of compounds used to manufacture finished
products. These properties are based on data obtained using standard test specimens tested under specified conditions. They are
not directly applicable to finished products. See the applicable ASTM standards for requirements for finished products.
1.4 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of this specification.
1.5 Rigid PVC recycle plastics meeting the requirements of this specification may be used in some applications. Refer to the
specific requirements in the materials and manufacture section of the applicable product standard.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.7 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 11, of this specification:This standard
does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this
standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
NOTE 4—This specification is similar in content (but not technically equivalent) to ISO 1163-1:1985 and ISO 1163-2:1980.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D256 Test Methods for Determining the Izod Pendulum Impact Resistance of Plastics
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
This specification classification system standard is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.15
on Thermoplastic Materials.
Current edition approved May 1, 2011Jan. 15, 2020. Published May 2011February 2020. Originally approved in 1960. Last previous edition approved in 20082011 as
D1784 – 08.D1784 – 11. DOI: 10.1520/D1784-11.10.1520/D1784-20.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D1784 − 20
D635 Test Method for Rate of Burning and/or Extent and Time of Burning of Plastics in a Horizontal Position
D638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
D648 Test Method for Deflection Temperature of Plastics Under Flexural Load in the Edgewise Position
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
D1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to Plastics
D3892 Practice for Packaging/Packing of Plastics
D2837 Test Method for Obtaining Hydrostatic Design Basis for Thermoplastic Pipe Materials or Pressure Design Basis for
Thermoplastic Pipe Products
D4703 Practice for Compression Molding Thermoplastic Materials into Test Specimens, Plaques, or Sheets
D5260 Classification for Chemical Resistance of Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Homopolymer and Copolymer Compounds and
Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Compounds
2.2 ISO Standards:
ISO 1163-1:1985
ISO 1163-2:1980
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—Definitions are in accordance with Terminology D883 and abbreviations with Terminology D1600 unless
otherwise indicated.
4. Classification
4.1 Means for selecting and identifying rigid PVC and CPVC compounds are provided in Table 1. The properties enumerated
in Table 1 and the tests defined are expected to provide identification of the compounds selected. They are not necessarily suitable
for direct application in design because of differences in shape of part, size, loading, environmental conditions, etc.
4.2 Classes are designated by the cell number for each property in the order in which they are listed in Table 1.
NOTE 5—The manner in which selected materials are identified by this classification system is illustrated by a Class 12454 rigid PVC compound having
the following requirements (see Table 1). The two-digit cell limits 10 and 11 are rarely used, only for special high-temperature grades of CPVC compound:
Class 1 2 4 5 4
Identification:
Poly(vinyl chloride)
homopolymer
Property and Minimum Value:
Izod
(34.7 J/m (0.65 ft·lbf/in.))
under notch
Tensile strength
(48.3 MPa (7000 psi))
Modulus of elasticity in
tension
(2758 MPa (400 000 psi))
Deflection temperature under
load
(70°C (158°F))
NOTE 6—The cell-type format provides the means for identification and close characterization and specification of material properties, alone or in
combination, for a broad range of materials. This type format, however, is subject to possible misapplication since unobtainable property combinations
can be selected if the user is not familiar with commercially available materials. The manufacturer should be consulted.
4.3 Product application chemical resistance when specified shall be classified in accordance with the classification section of
Classification D5260.
5. Ordering Information
5.1 The purchase order, or inquiry, for these materials shall state the specification number and identify the class selected, for
example, D1784, Class 12454.
5.2 Further definition, as may be required for the following, shall be on the basis of agreement between the purchaser and the
seller:
5.2.1 Physical form and particle size (see 6.1),
5.2.2 Contamination level (see 6.2),
5.2.3 Color (see 6.3),
5.2.4 Other supplementary definition if necessary, and
5.2.5 Inspection (see 12.1).
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
D1784 − 20
6. Materials and Manufacture
6.1 Materials supplied under this specification shall be PVC and CPVC compounds in the form of cubes, granules, free-flowing
powder blends, or compacted powder blends.
6.2 Materials shall be of uniform composition and size and shall be free of foreign matter to such level of contamination as may
be agreed upon between the purchaser and the seller.
6.3 Color and transparency or opacity of molded or extruded articles formed under the conditions recommended by the seller
shall be comparable within commercial match tolerances to the color and transparency or opacity of standard molded or extruded
samples of the same thickness supplied in advance by the seller of the material.
7. Physical Requirements
7.1 Test values for specimens of the material prepared as specified in Section 9 and tested in accordance with Section 10 shall
conform to the requirements given in Table 1 for the class selected.
8. Sampling
8.1 A batch or lot shall be considered as a unit of manufacture and may consist of a blend of two or more production runs of
material.
8.2 Sample using a statistically acceptable procedure.
9. Conformance Testing
9.1 The minimum properties identified by the class designations in Table 1 specified in the purchase order (see 5.1) shall be
verified by the tests described in Section 11.
9.2 Conformance with this specification shall be determined with one set of test results. If there are multiple test results, the
average value for all test samples shall be used to determine conformance.
9.3 If the average test value produces values below the minimum property values of the Class designation in Table 1, the
material does not conform to this specification.
10. Specimen Preparation
10.1 Compliance with the designated requirements chosen from Table 1 shall be determined with compression-molded,
extruded, or injection-molded test specimens for Izod impact resistance, tensile strength, tensile modulus of elasticity, deflection
temperature under load, and flammability. Specimens cut from laminates of compression-molded or extruded sections (see Practice
D4703) shall not be used unless it can be shown by test that complete fusion is obtained. It is understood that a material shall not
be tested without also specifying the method of specimen preparation. When comparative tests of materials are desired, the greatest
care shall be taken to ensure that all specimens are prepared in exactly the same way used to certify the cell class of the compound.
Procedures used in preparing the test specimens shall be as recommended by the supplier for each specific compound.
NOTE 7—It is possible that a specimen taken from a finished product will not produce the same results as a specimen prepared by the method used
for purposes of cell class testing and certification.
11. Test Methods
11.1 Conditioning—The test specimen for deflection temperature (Test Method D648) shall be conditioned in accordance with
Procedure B of Practice D618, except that the minimum conditioning time in the circulating air oven shall be 24 h. All other
molded test specimens shall be conditioned in accordance with Procedure A of Practice D618. The minimum conditioning time
shall be 24 h.
11.2 Test Conditions—Unless otherwise specified in the test methods or in this specification, tests shall be conducted in the
standard laboratory atmosphere of 23 6 2°C (73.4 6 3.6°F) and 50 6 5 % relative humidity. In cases of disagreement, the
tolerances shall be 61°C (61.8°F) and 62 % relative humidity.
11.3 Tensile Strength and Modulus of Elasticity—Test Method D638, using Type I specimens of 3.2 6 0.4 mm (0.13 6 0.02
in.) thickness and testing speed of 5.1 mm (0.20 in.)/min 6 25 %. Report tensile strength at the yield point if the material yields,
otherwise at break.
11.4 Impact Resistance (Izod)—Method A of Test Method D256, using 3.2-mm (0.125-in.) thick specimens. The specimens may
be compression-molded, extruded, or injection-molded with the provision that compression-molded or extruded specimens built
up as laminates in which complete fusion is obtained shall be acceptable. Complete fusion means there shall be no evidence of
fraying or delamination at the break.
11.5 Deflection Temperature—Test Method D648–Method A- using 127 mm (5 in.) long, 12.5 mm (0.5 in.) wide, and 3.2 mm
(0.125 in.) thick specimens under 1.82 MPa (264 psi) fiber stress. Materials that require high-temperature annealing prior to testing
D1784 − 20
TABLE 1 Class Requirements for Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) and Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Compounds
NOTE 1—The minimum property value will determine the cell number although the maximum expected value may fall within a higher cell.
Desig-
Cell Limits
nation
Property and Unit
Order
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
No.
1 Base resin unspecified poly(vinyl chlorinated vinyl co-
chloride) poly polymer
homo- (vinyl
polymer chloride)
2 Impact resistance
(Izod), min:
J/m of notch unspecified <34.7 34.7 80.1 266.9 533.8 800.7
under notch
ft·lb/in. of notch <0.65 0.65 1.5 5.0 10.0 15.0
under notch
3 Tensile strength,
min:
MPa unspecified <34.5 34.5 41.4 48.3 55.2
psi <5 000 5 000 6 000 7 000 8 000
4 Modulus of
elasticity in
tension, min:
MPa unspecified <1930 1930 2206 2482 2758 3034
psi <280 000 280 000 320 000 360 000 400 000 440 000
5 Deflection
temperature
under load, min,
1.82 MPa
(264 psi):
°C unspecified <55 55 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140
°F <131 131 140 158 176 194 212 230 251 266 284
A A A A A A A A A A A A
Flammability
TABLE 1 Class Requirements for Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) and Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Compounds
NOTE 1—The minimum property value will determine the cell number although the maximum expected value may fall within a higher cell.
Desig-
Cell Limits
nation
Property and Unit
Order
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
No.
A
1 Base resin poly(vinyl chlorinated vinyl co-
chloride) poly polymer
homo- (vinyl
polymer chloride)
2 Impact resistance
(Izod), min:
A
J/m of notch <34.7 34.7 80.1 266.9 533.8 800.7
under notch
(ft·lb/in.) (<0.65) (0.65) (1.5) (5.0) (10.0) (15.0)
3 Tensile strength,
min:
A
MPa <34.5 34.5 41.4 48.3 55.2
(psi) (<5000) (5000) (6000) (7000) (8000)
4 Modulus of
elasticity in
tension, min:
A
MPa <1930 1930 2206 2482 2758 3034
(psi) (<280 000) (280 000) (320 000) (360 000) (400 000) (440 000)
5 Deflection
temperature
under load, min,
1.82 MPa
(264 psi):
A
°C <55 55 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140
(°F) (<131) (131) (140) (158) (176) (194) (212) (230) (251) (266) (284)
B B B B B B B B B B B B
Flammability
A
The value for this property is unspecified.
B
All compounds covered by this specification, when tested in accordance with Test Method D635, shall yield the following results: average extent of burning of <25 mm;
average time of burning of <10 s.
shall be annealed at 50°C (122°F) for 24 h or at the manufacturer’s recommendation. Specimens shall be cooled in accordance with
Procedure B of Practice D618. The test report for annealed specimens shall include the time and temperature of annealing used.
D1784 − 20
11.6 Flammability—Test Method D635. All compounds covered by this specification, when tested in accordance with Test
Method D635, shall yield the following results: average extent of burning of <25 mm; average time of burning of <10 s.
12. Inspection
12.1 Inspection of the material shall be made as agreed upon between the purchaser and the seller as part of the purchase
contract.
13. Packaging and Package Marking
13.1 Packaging—The material shall be packaged in standard commercial containers, so constructed as to ensure acceptance by
common or other carriers for safe transportation at the lowest rate to the point of delivery, unless otherwise specified in the contract
or order.
13.2 Marking—Unless otherwise agreed upon between the purchaser and the seller, shipping containers shall be marked with
the name of the material and the name of the manufacturer; class, batch, or lot number; quantity contained therein, as defined by
the contract or order under which shipment is made; the name of the seller; and the number of the contract or order.
13.3 All packing, packaging, and marking provisions of Practice D3892 shall apply to this specification.
14. Keywords
14.1 chlorinated poly(vinyl chloride) (CPVC); CPVC compounds; poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC); PVC compounds; recycle
plastics; rigid PVC
1. Scope*
1.1 This classification system standard covers rigid PVC and CPVC compounds intended for
...